| 释义 |
deductive, a. and n.|dɪˈdʌktɪv|
[ad. L. dēductīv-us, f. dēduct-, ppl. stem of dēdūcĕre to deduce: see -ive. Cf. mod.F. déductif, -ive.]
A. adj.
1. a. Of the nature of, or characterized by the use of, deduction; spec. in Logic, reasoning from generals to particulars; opposed to inductive.
1665Glanvill Scepsis Sci. xxiii. §1 All knowledge of causes is deductive. 1665Hooke Microgr. D, The rational or deductive Faculty. 1846Mill Logic ii. iv. §4 Geometry is a Deductive Science. a1862Buckle Misc. Wks. (1872) I. 7 Women naturally prefer the deductive method to the inductive.
b. Of persons: Employing the method of deduction; reasoning deductively.
1861Tulloch Eng. Purit. iii. 378 Of all the divines of his time, none was more bold, or deductive. 1867Lewes Hist. Philos. II. 153 The mathematical cultivators of Physics and the deductive cultivators of Philosophy.
c. deductive system (Logic): a set of propositions or formulas, in which some are derived from others according to rules of proof, all such possible derivations being held to be included.
1910Whitehead & Russell Principia Math. I. p. vi, A deductive system such as that contained in the present work. 1936A. J. Ayer Lang., Truth & Logic ii. 40 Among the superstitions..is the view that it is the business of the philosopher to construct a deductive system. 1940W. V. Quine Math. Logic 88 The highly explicit way of presenting formal deductive systems which is customary nowadays dates back only to Hilbert (1922) or Post (1921). 1951Mind LX. 266 The calculus, or deductive system, of truth-functions.
†2. Derivative.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. i. x. 38 He labours to introduce a secondary and deductive Atheisme, that although they concede there is a God, yet should they deny his providence.
†B. n. Deductive reasoning; a deduction.
1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. To Rdr., If there be any Errours..in my Deductives, Inferences, or Applications. |