| 释义 |
steno-|stɛnəʊ|
combining form of Gr. στενός narrow, occurring in many scientific terms, as stenoˈbathic a. Biol. [Gr. βάθ-ος depth], (of aquatic life) limited to or found at only a narrow range of depths. stenobregmate |-ˈbrɛgmət|, a. Craniol. [Gr. βρέγµα front of the head], having a narrow bregma; so ˌstenobregˈmatic a. (Dorland Med. Dict. 1913). ‖ stenocardia |-ˈkɑːdɪə| Path. [Gr. καρδία heart], contraction of the heart or its orifices; also angina pectoris (see angina 2); hence stenoˈcardiac, stenoˈcardial adjs. stenocephalic |-sɪˈfælɪk|, a. Craniol. [Gr. κεϕαλή head], (of a skull) characterized by abnormal or excessive narrowness; so stenocephalous |-ˈsɛfələs|, a. = stenocephalic (Dorland). stenocephaly |-ˈsɛfəlɪ|, excessive narrowness of the skull. stenocoronine |-kəˈrəʊnɪn|, a. [Gr. κορώνη crown], having narrow-crowned molar teeth (see quot.). stenocranial |-ˈkreɪnɪəl|, a. Craniol. [cranial], = stenocephalic. stenocrotaphy, -krotaphy |-ˈkrɒtəfɪ| Craniol. [Gr. κρόταϕος temple], excessive narrowness of the temporal region of the skull. stenoderm |ˈstɛnəʊdɜːm|, a bat of the genus Stenoderma or of the family Stenodermata, the members of which are characterized by having a contracted wing-membrane; so stenoˈdermatous a., belonging to the family Stenodermata, resembling a stenoderm. stenoˈdermine a. = stenodermatous; n. a stenoderm. stenohaline |-ˈheɪlaɪn| a. Biol. [Gr. ἅλιν-ος of salt], (of aquatic life) adapted to only a narrow range of salinity. stenoˈhydric a. Biol. [hydro-], adapted to only a narrow range of humidities. stenometer |-ˈnɒmɪtə(r)|, [-meter], a distance-measurer consisting of a small telescope with a divided object-glass and a micrometer-screw for moving the half-lenses (Cent. Dict. Suppl.). stenopetalous |-ˈpɛtələs|, a. Bot. [petalous], having narrow petals (Paxton Bot. Dict. 1840). steˈnophagous a. Zool. [-phagous] (see quot. 1926). stenophyllism |-ˈfɪlɪz(ə)m|, -phyllous |-ˈfɪləs| a. [Gr. στενόϕυλλος, f. ϕύλλον leaf] (see quots.). stenoˈpodium Zool. [podium], a narrow, two-branched crustacean limb the flexibility of which is provided by joints. stenoˈrhynchous a. [Gr. ῥύγχος beak] having a narrow beak. stenoˈstomatous a. [Gr. στόµα mouth], having a small mouth (Syd. Soc. Lex. 1898). stenostomy |-ˈɒstəmɪ|, the contraction of any mouth or aperture (Ibid.). stenoˈthermal a. [thermal], Zool. (of an animal) capable of living in only a small range of temperature. [ad. G. stenotherm (K. Möbius 1871, in Jahresber. d. Commission z. wissensch. Untersuchung d. deutschen Meere in Kiel (1873) I. 139)]; hence ˈstenotherm, stenoˈthermic adjs. stenoˈtopic a. Biol. [Gr. τόπ-ος place] (see quot. 1949).
1902*Stenobathic [see eurybathic a.]. 1975B. Fell Introd. Marine Biol. xi. 92 A deep-water stenobathic species, when brought too rapidly to the surface in a net, suffers disruption of the internal organs.
1813Prichard Phys. Hist. Man. (1826) I. ii. iii. 173, I propose to divide the varieties of the skull into three classes... 1...mesobregmate..2. *Stenobregmate: the section of the vertex narrowed; the skull having the appearance of lateral compression,..3. Platybregmate.
1857Dunglison Med. Lex., *Stenocardia. 1898Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 912 note, The symptoms [are] those of increasing ‘stenocardia’.
1899Ibid. VI. 54 *Stenocardiac and cardiac muscle failure.
1899Ibid. VII. 754 Morphine may be given..if there is *stenocardial pain.
1866J. A. Meigs Cranial Forms Amer. Aborig. 36 Narrow Oval Form (*Stenocephalic).
1878Bartley tr. Topinard's Anthropol. Index, *Stenocephaly.
1865H. Falconer in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. XXI. 259, I propose therefore to substitute..for the latter [Hippopotamine type] ‘*Stenocoronine’ or narrow-crowned type.
1904Biometrika Mar. & July 240 Brachycranial, *stenocranial and chamaecranial.
1884J. E. Lee tr. Römer's Bone Caves of Ojcow 32 [In this scull] there is some *stenokrotaphy, the frontal margins are very smooth.
1871Cassell's Nat. Hist. (1896) I. 336 The *Stenoderms have been divided..into several genera... The Spectacled Stenoderm is one of the best-known species of this group. Ibid. 337 The Jamaican Stenoderm..is very nearly allied.
1930Biol. Rev. V. 350 Most *stenohaline marine invertebrates are poikilosmotic: their body fluids have an osmotic pressure which is the same as that of the external medium. 1973P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xx. 278 When temperature or salinity may fluctuate widely without seriously affecting individuals, the species are called eurythermal or euryhaline; when slight changes of temperature or salinity are fatal to animals or plants, they are called stenothermal or stenohaline.
1953E. P. Odum Fund. Ecol. iii. 27 *Stenohydric—Euryhydric refers to water. 1974Ciba Foundation Symp. XX. 56 In general, relative humidities below 60% (temperatures of 21–28°C) are deleterious for these stenohydric species.
1901Walcott 22nd Ann. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. i. 168 The rivers were meandered by using a prismatic compass for directions and a *stenometer for distances.
1926A. S. Pearse Animal Ecol. iii. 72 Animals that have a narrow range of foods are called *stenophagous and those that eat a wide variety are euryphagous. 1976Environmental Entomol. V. 46/2, 21 (46%) of 46 identified species of phytophagous insects found associated with A[mbrosia] dumosa in southern California were stenophagous.
1904Giglioli & Guillemard tr. Beccari's Wand. Forests Borneo xx. 305 The action of running water..has brought about a special adaptation in the leaves of many fluviatile plants. To the modification thus produced the term ‘*Stenophyllism,’ or ‘narrow-leavedness,’ may be conveniently applied.
1880Webster Suppl., *Stenophyllous, having narrow leaves. 1904Giglioli & Guillemard tr. Beccari's Wand. Forests Borneo App. 392 Stenophyllous Plants... I have adopted this term for certain plants growing on river banks, or in the beds of torrents, which have linear or else very narrow leaves.
1932Borradaile & Potts Invertebrata xii. 298 Since..the phyllopodium possesses the same two rami, and bears them, though not as a distal fork, yet in the same way as a great number of limbs of the first type, it is well not to use a name which might imply that there is a constant difference in respect of the rami between the limbs of the two types. We shall therefore call the first type the *stenopodium, referring to its usually slender form. 1967P. A. Meglitsch Invertebrate Zool. xviii. 755/1 A good case can be made for thinking of stenopodia as the more primitive form of crustacean appendage.
1861R. E. Grant Tabular View Rec. Zool. 14 Vespertilionida... Anhistophorous, narrow-jawed (*stenorhynchous), long-headed (macrocephalous).
1888*Stenotherm [see eurytherm a.]. 1964Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. II. 284 Most stenosaline organisms live either in the ocean (polystenosaline forms) or in fresh water (oligostenosaline forms). These terms are analogous to steno- or eurytherm and just as relative in their meaning.
1881Semper Anim. Life 105 We shall..do well..to designate animals, according to Möbius, the former as eurythermal, the latter as *stenothermal. 1937Brit. Birds XXX. 247 It should be borne in mind that whereas the adult bird is stenothermal (warm-blooded), in the young the thermotaxic arrangements are undeveloped. 1973P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xx. 279 Between about 55°C and 40°C the algal mats are largely made up of filamentous blue-green algae, but these plants are rather stenothermal and will not actively grow at temperatures below 40°C.
1926A. S. Pearse Animal Ecol. ii. 34 Animals are often classified into two groups: *stenothermic and eurythermic, the former being restricted to a narrow range of temperature changes and the latter having ability to live through a wide range. 1965B. E. Freeman tr. Vandel's Biospeleology xxiii. 384 Summer cysts containing the adults of stenothermic species [of copepods] are formed during the warm season.
1949J. H. Kenneth Henderson's Dict. Sci. Terms (ed. 4) *Stenotopic, having a restricted range of geographical distribution. 1967Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. V. 546 This species is also stenotopic; it needs exposed rocky shores, but where the wave-action is not too strong. 1976Nature 24 June 695/1 A major terminal extinction event..will tend selectively to eliminate the larger, more specialised, more stenotopic species. |