| 释义 |
accommodation|əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən|
[a. Fr. accommodation (Cotgr. 1611), ad. L. accommodātiōn-em, n. of action f. accommodā-re to accommodate.]
1. a. The action of accommodating, or process of being accommodated; of fitting, adapting, adjusting, suiting; adaptation, adjustment.
1644Bulwer Chironomia 58 Gestures and motions must come in with their accommodation. 1665Glanville Scepsis Sc. Addr. 6 That disputing physiology is of no accommodation to your designs. 1769–90Sir J. Reynolds Disc. (1876) v. 372 Skilful accommodation of other men's conceptions to his own purpose. 1841Myers Cath. Thoughts iii. §4. 12 What was Judaism itself..but a great system of accommodation?
b. spec. The action or power of adapting the eyes to view objects at various distances.
1833Brewster Nat. Magic iii. 53 The accommodation of the eye to the distinct vision of external objects. 1875Wood Therap. (1879) 358 Local application of gelsemia to the eye produces..paralysis of accommodation.
c. spec. in Psychol.
1875A. Bain Emotions & Will (ed. 3) 83 Under a fresh shock this accommodation operates by diminishing the interval of transition. 1895J. M. Baldwin Mental Development vii. 217 Accommodation as it is best to call it in psychology, adaptation in biology. 1901― Dict. Philos. & Psychol. I. 8/1 As habit is the principle of mental ‘conservation of type’, so accommodation is the principle of modification of type. 1937R. M. MacIver Society vi. 106 To his complex changeful world man can achieve only a partial adjustment, a compound of conflict and accommodation (by the latter term we mean the process in which the person or the group comes to fit into a given situation and to feel ‘at home’ within it).
2. a. Adaptation of a word, expression, or system to something different from its original purpose.
1724A. Collins Gr. Chr. Relig. 212 The frequent accommodation of the Septuagint Version to the later Hebrew. 1860Trench Serm. in Westm. ix. 92 The adaptation or accommodation of a prophecy..having properly no allusion to Him at all. 1865Mozley Miracles vii. 282 Some intermediate religion being preached first as an accommodation.
b. Philol. The action of accommodating or fact of being accommodated (cf. accommodate v. 2 b); adaptation; assimilation.
1871Kennedy Pub. Sch. Lat. Gram. 18 Incomplete Assimilation or Accommodation takes place when the former Consonant is changed, not to the latter, but to one more akin to this in sound. 1925P. Radin tr. Vendryès's Language i. iii. 59 In the first case accommodation takes place, in the second case epenthesis. 1932Gordon & Onions in Medium ævum I. 127 It is necessary to suppose an English accommodation of the Scandinavian word to account for the forms that the word presents in our dialects.
3. Self-adaptation; conformity to circumstance; conciliatory disposition or conduct: obligingness.
1768Sterne Sent. Journ. (1778) I. 4 When I had..drank the King of France's health, to satisfy my mind that I bore him no spleen..I rose up an inch taller for the accomodation. 1827Hallam Const. Hist. (1876) II. viii. 66 His object in these accommodations was to draw over the more moderate Romanists. 1830Sir J. Macintosh Eth. Philos. Wks. 1846 I. 186 Accommodation, without which society would be painful, and arduous affairs would become impracticable.
4. An arrangement of a dispute; a settlement, composition, treaty, or compromise.
1645Liberty of Consc. 36 By accommodation I understand an agreement of dissenters with the rest of the Church in practicall conclusions. 1689Selden Table Talk 62 'Tis hard to make an accommodation between the King and the Parliament. 1745De Foe Eng. Tradesm. II. xxxix. 119 He will bring all differences to a friendly accommodation. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. i. vi. 81 Negotiations were now opened for an accommodation between the belligerents.
5. The supplying with what is suitable or requisite.
1737Johnson Rambler 145. ⁋1 The meanest artisan or manufacturer contributes more to the accommodation of life, than the profound scholar and argumentative theorist.
6. a. Anything which supplies a want, or affords aid or refreshment, or ministers to one's comfort; a convenience, an appliance.
1616Surfl. & Markh. Countrey Farme 539 When a man liueth farre from his necessarie accommodations, as from his fuell, his fencing, his timber. 1662Fuller Worthies (1840) III. 731 Wilton is the stateliest and pleasantest for gardens, fountains and other accommodations. 1769–90Sir J. Reynolds Disc. (1876) 301 The regular progress of cultivated life is from necessaries to accommodations, from accommodations to ornaments. 1866Geo. Eliot F. Holt 4 They probably thought of the coach with some contempt, as an accommodation for people who had not their own gigs.
b. attrib. accommodation address, an address used solely or primarily for convenience of correspondence; freq. one adopted to conceal the whereabouts of the addressee; accommodation bridge (see quot. 1954); accommodation ladder (see quot. 1867); accommodation road, a road constructed to give access to a property or piece of land not adjoining a public road; accommodation stage, accommodation train, one stopping at all (or nearly all) the points or stations on the route (U.S.).
1894Littlechild Reminisc. vii. 69 One of their number arranged, on some plausible story, for letters to be received for him at an ‘accommodation address’—generally a small shop. 1914‘I. Hay’ Knight on Wheels i. i. 13 A small green⁓grocer's shop—an ‘accommodation address’ of the most ordinary type—whose proprietor admitted that he was in the habit of taking in letters on behalf of some of his customers. 1958Economist 16 Aug. 552/2 A pied-à-terre for meetings and an accommodation address and telephone, linked by private line with their main premises.
1813M. Graham Jrnl. in India 128 A particular police regulates the catamarans, accommodation-boats and bar⁓boats.
a1809A. Rees Cycl. VI. s.v. Canal, For occupation, or accommodation bridges..a kind of swing or swivel bridge has..been adopted. 1954Highway Engin. Terms (B.S.I.) 24 Accommodation bridge, a bridge serving an accommodation road.
1769W. Falconer Dict. Marine §Z 1 Accommodation-Ladder, is a sort of light stair-case, occasionally fixed on the gangway of the admiral..of a fleet. 1839G. W. M. Reynolds Pickwick Abroad i. 7 That faithful domestic descended the accommodation-ladder, and once more stood upon the deck of the vessel. 1847Disraeli Tancred (1871) iv. xi. 327 From the door of the house were some temporary steps, like an accommodation ladder. 1867Smyth Sailors' Wd.-Bk. s.v. Accommodation ladder, a convenient flight of steps fixed at the gang⁓way, by which officers and visitors enter the ship.
1881M. E. Braddon Asph. I. 289 Goring Lane was an accommodation road, leading down from the home farm to the meadows. 1909Kipling Actions & Reactions 36 No better than accommodation-roads.
1811Columbian Centinel (Boston) 25 Sept. 3/1 Accomodation stage[-coach]. 1843‘R. Carlton’ New Purchase 19 So remarkably accommodating were the old-fashioned accommodation stages and stage owners.
1838Boston Almanac 49 Depots on the Providence Rail Road. Accommodation Train. 1860O. W. Holmes Prof. Breakf.-t. iii. 80 Accomodation train. A good many stops, but will get to the station by and by.
c. ellipt. for accommodation stage, train. U.S.
1829A. Royall Pennsylvania II. 9, I..intended to take the Accommodation in the morning. 1877‘E. W. Martin’ Hist. Great Riots 117 The Sharpsville ‘accommodation’..had been lying for two hours without an engine. 1891C. Roberts Adrift in America ii. 33 We went on what is called an ‘accommodation’, that is, a freight train with a passenger car at the end of it.
7. a. esp. Room and suitable provision for the reception of people; entertainment; lodgings. (Formerly, and still U.S., mostly in pl.)
1604Shakes. Oth. i. iii. 239 Such Accomodation and besort As leuels with her breeding. 1650Cromwell Let. 92 (Carlyle) The having of a garrison there would furnish us with accommodation for our sick men. 1722De Foe Moll Fl. (1840) 343 These had accommodations assigned them in the great cabin. 1803Porter Thad. Warsaw (1831) xi. 100 The Hummums, Covent Garden, has as good accommodations as any in town. 1804G. T. Hopkins Diary 24 Feb. in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1909) IV. 3 We rode to the house of..a neighbouring farmer, where we found good accomodations. 1856Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 192 Our sole accommodation a tent barely able to contain eight persons. 1931C. S. Johnson Negro in Amer. Civ. xxiv. 338 The wastefulness of exactly dual accommodations [for Negroes and for whites in railway trains].
b. attrib. accommodation house, a lodging house for travellers (freq. derog.); accommodation paddock (Austral. and N.Z.), see quot. 1933; accommodation unit, for purposes of official enumeration: a single place of residence.
1823‘Jon Bee’ Slang 2 Accommodation-house. The Reader had better consult ‘Fubbs’ than we explain the minute difference that exists between these and a ‘Dress⁓house’ or a ‘Bodikin’. 1857H. W. Harper Let. fr. N.Z. 1 Sept. (1914) 17 There I found what is known as an accommodation house. 1861Mayhew London Labour (Extra vol.) (1862) 249/1 Those who gain their living by keeping accommodation houses..are of course to be placed in the category of the people who are dependant on prostitutes. 1933Bulletin (Sydney) 1 Nov. 21/3 An accommodation-house that has never received its due meed of notoriety. 1933L. G. D. Acland in Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 9 Sept. 15/7 Accommodation Paddocks, paddocks kept by publicans and others for the use of travelling stock..unknown, of course, until the roads were fenced in the 'seventies. 1947C. B. Brereton No Roll of Drums xvi. 143, I know your accommodation paddock is eaten out. 1950D. Maxwell Fyfe in Hansard Commons 5th Ser. CDLXXII. 853 One million ‘accommodation units’ have been built since the war. 1951Evening Stand. 17 Aug. 4/1 The Ministry of Health's classic ‘accommodation unit’, which Mr. Churchill killed stone-dead by singing the phrase to the tune of Home, Sweet Home.
8. a. Pecuniary aid in an emergency; a loan. Accommodation Bill, a bill not representing or originating in an actual commercial transaction, but for the purpose of raising money on credit.
1790Hamilton in Ann. 1st Congress II. 2058 The accommodations which they might derive in the way of their business, at a low rate. 1803Edin. Rev. II. 102 All accommodation bills are iniquitous. 1807Scott Lett. (1932) I. 411 With respect to accomodations in my opinion we ought to get rid of all that floating balance which..has hitherto kept us in poverty. 1824Scott Ronan's Well (1868) xv. 653 There is maybe an accommodation bill discounted now and then, Mr. Touchwood; but men must have accommodation, or the world would stand still—accommodation is the grease that makes the wheels go. 1826― in Lockhart Life (1839) VIII. 336 Having obtained an accommodation of {pstlg}100 from Ballantyne. 1868Rogers Polit. Econ. (ed. 3) xi. 142 Persons pay highly for accommodation, because they have no security, or no good security, to offer. 1882Daily News July 3 (Advt.) Cash Accommodation.—Respectable Householders in town or country supplied with money at moderate interest.
b. attrib. as accommodation note, accommodation paper.
1797Deb. Congress 27 June (1851) 395 Many of such notes were what was called ‘accommodation notes’; all acknowledgments of debt, and therefore no proof of wealth. Ibid. 28 June 401 Being able to raise money by accommodation notes to pay duties. 1829Sherwood Gaz. Georgia (ed. 2) 75 The Bank to collect the debts due the State, and debtors to be allowed to renew their notes..as persons borrowing money on accommodation paper. |