| 释义 |
stigmatize, v.|ˈstɪgmətaɪz|
[a. med.L. stigmatizāre, a. Gr. στιγµατίζειν, f. στιγµατ- stigma: see -ize. Cf. F. stigmatiser (1552 in Hatz.-Darm.), It. stigmatizzare, Sp., Pg. estigmatizar.]
1. trans. To mark with a ‘stigma’ or brand; to brand; also to tattoo. Now rare.
Very frequent in the 17th c., with reference to the then common punishment of branding.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iv. xxvi. 145 Amongst them [the Thracians] it was esteemed a faire and noble thing to haue the forhead stigmatized. 1637Brief Relat. Bastwick etc. 15 Mr. Prynne to be stigmatized in the Cheekes with two Letters (S & L) for a Seditious Libeller. 1737Stackhouse Hist. Bible i. iv. (1744) I. 132 God stigmatized him on the forehead with a letter of his own name. 1784Acts & Laws Connecticut 8 Both of them shall be..stigmatized, or burnt on the Forehead with the Letter A, on a hot Iron. 1818Maule in Misc. Scot. I. 68 The Picts marked their skins with iron, and stigmatised them with pictures of divers animals. 1848A. Herbert in Todd's Irish Nennius Notes p. lxi, I..prefer the supposition, that [these persons] were..simply painted..and not stigmatized.
b. transf. To mark with a stain, scar, or blemish.
1632B. Jonson Magn. Lady iii. iii, But my clothes To be defac'd and stigmatiz'd so foulely! 1705[E. Ward] Hud. Rediv. ii. 19 An ill-look'd, thin-jaw'd Calves-head Rabble, All stigmatiz'd with Looks like Jews. 1893Scribner's Mag. Sept. 287 The crimson panes like blood-drops stigmatize The western floor.
c. Path. To mark or affect with stigmata; to produce stigmata upon: see stigma 4. (Chiefly in pa. pple.)
1822–29Good's Study Med. V. 697 Freckles. Cuticle stigmatised with yellowish-brown dots. 1899Hutchinson's Arch. Surg. X. 179 She..[was] freckled and stigmatised.
d. To mark with the stigmata: see stigma 3.
1844Faber Sir Lancelot (1857) 97 Francis..stigmatized in fashion as his Lord. 1872Tuke Illustr. Infl. Mind upon Body 83 M. Maury states that Ursula Aguir..experienced every Friday severe pain in the place where, in a vision, she had been stigmatised.
e. To imprint as a brand (lit. or fig.). rare.
1644Milton Divorce i. i. (ed. 2) 7 Not to suffer the ordinance of his goodnes and favour, through any error to be ser'd and stigmatiz'd upon his servants to their misery and thraldome. 1647R. Stapylton Juvenal (1670) 267 Letters stigmatized in slaves foreheads. 1822–29[implied in stigmatized c].
2. fig. To set a stigma upon; to mark with a sign of disgrace or infamy; to ‘brand’; esp. to call by a disgraceful or reproachful name; to characterize by a term implying severe censure or condemnation.
1619J. Taylor (Water P.) Kicksey Winsey A 7, A second Edition..wherein I will Satyrize, Cauterize, and Stigmatize all the whole kennell of curres. 1668Cowley Verses & Ess., Liberty (1669) 82 They..stick not to commit actions, by which they are more shamefully and more lastingly stigmatized. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 78 ⁋12 One of the most striking passages..stigmatizes those as fools who complain that [etc.]. 1819Scott Leg. Montrose xviii, We dare not stigmatize Argyle with poltroonery; for [etc.]. 1824L. Murray Engl. Gram. (ed. 5) I. 532 These arts, by assisting..to stigmatize every improper idiom, tend to give greater precision..to our style. 1839–40W. Irving Wolfert's R. (1855) 149 As to their white wines, he stigmatizes them as mere substitutes for cider. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 261 He must be stigmatized as ignorant, even though he be skilful in calculation.
b. Said of the ‘brand’ or mark (cf. stigma 2 b).
1650J. Hall Paradoxes 57 It was..the first brand that stigmatized them after their fall. 1651–1883 [see stigmatizing ppl. a.]. |