| 释义 |
stimulate, v.|ˈstɪmjʊleɪt|
[f. L. stimulāt-, ppl. stem of stimulāre, f. stimulus: see stimulus. Cf. F. stimuler (14th c.), Sp., Pg. estimular, It. stimolare.]
†1. trans. To prick, sting, afflict. Obs. rare—1.
a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 57 Kyng Henry.. euer punched, stimulated and pricked with the scrupulous stynges of domesticall sedicion.
2. To rouse to action or exertion as by pricking or goading; to spur on; to incite (a person) to do something; to impart additional energy to (an activity, a process).
1619Hutton Follie's Anat. etc. D 6, My..distemperd thoughts, Do stimulate proud Silla's Ire. a1700Evelyn Diary 27 Feb. 1644–5, The 3 races of the Barbarie horses, that run..without riders, onely having spurrs so placed on their backs,..as by their motion to stimulate them. 1759Hume Hist. Eng., Hen. VIII, iii. I. 147 Hearing of the pope's captivity, they were farther stimulated to undertake the war with vigour for the restoring his liberty. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 526 The pricks of conscience will not so much afflict and torment us, as stimulate our resolution and excite our diligence. 1817Jas. Mill Brit. India v. ix. II. 694 They..stimulated and importuned him, to bring forward a scheme of improvement. 1832H. Martineau Hill & Valley v. 77 To stimulate production by useful..labour. 1836Dickens Sk. Boz, Black Veil, To..stimulate him to fresh exertions. 1842Lever J. Hinton xviii, You have stimulated my curiosity. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola ii. xxii, They..stimulated their prisoners to beg.
absol.1789J. Moore Zeluco lxviii. (1797) II. 188 Contemptuous language may stimulate to..revenge. 1815Jane Austen Emma v, Where Miss Taylor failed to stimulate,..Harriet Smith will do nothing.
3. Phys. To act as a stimulus to (see stimulus 1, 3).
a. To excite (an organ) to increased activity, to quicken the action or function of. Also with the action or function as obj.
1707Floyer Physic. Pulse-Watch 201 In general we use Medicines of the same Taste, as the secreted Humours, to stimulate their Excretion. 1798R. Jackson Hist. & Cure Fever 260 Wine, brandy and opium stimulate the system to increased action. 1809Med. Jrnl. XXI. 103 Oxygen stimulates the pulmonic vessels, and..makes them propel their contents. 1843R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xi. 119, I frequently prescribe small doses of hydrargyrum cum cretâ, with the view of gently stimulating the liver.
absol.1662J. Degravere Thesaurus Remediorum (ed. 2) 16 Signes indicating Purgation... A looseness or flux of humors stimulating to expulsion. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet in Aliments, etc. 261 Things which stimulate in the extreme Degree, excite pain. 1842Abdy Water Cure 75 With bandages, put on tight to stimulate, upon the whole limb.
b. To excite (a tissue or structure) to its specific activity.
1878Roy in Jrnl. Physiol. I. 475 When the muscle was stimulated directly by the induced current.
4. To administer stimulants to.
1905Brit. Med. Jrnl. No. 2317. 1139 No one familiar with infectious diseases would systematically stimulate all cases.
b. intr. for refl. To indulge in (alcoholic) stimulants. Now only colloq. (? U.S.) Also in pass., To be affected by alcoholic drinks.
1800Med. Jrnl. III. 50 Men of strong constitutions began to stimulate in excess very early in life. 1839Marryat Diary Amer. Ser. i. II. 224 [Examples of American language.] He stimulates too much. 1882O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 449 A servant brought in a silver tray, upon which were large glasses of..arrack... We were all slightly stimulated before a move was made towards the dinner table. 1898Talmage Serm. in Chr. Herald (N.Y.) 30 Mar. 268/4 Now he must brace himself up. Now he stimulates.
Hence ˈstimulated ppl. a.
1887J. S. Burdon-Sanderson, etc. Transl. For. Biol. Mem. I. 255 The tract of nerve lying between the stimulating electrodes I call the stimulated region. Ibid. 273 Electrical phenomena in stimulated nerves. 1900W. S. Hall Text-bk. Physiol. 52 The action of stimuli is..transient, i.e. the stimulated organism returns..to its former state of rest. |