| 释义 |
▪ I. stirring, vbl. n.|ˈstɜːrɪŋ|
[f. stir v. + -ing1.]
The action of the verb stir, in various senses.
1. The action of moving (in general sense); movement, motion. Obs. or arch.
c888ælfred Boeth. xx, Ascirped mid þære styringe hire aᵹenre frecennesse [L. ipsius adversitatis exercitatione prudentem]. Ibid. xxi, Ðara unstillena ᵹesceafta styring ne mæᵹ no weorðan ᵹestilled. c1055Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia VIII. 318 Momentum, þæt ys styrung. a1300Cursor M. 23678 Sun and mone and stern and lift, þat ai wit stiring ar nu scift,..fra þat time stil sal þai stand. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints iv. (James) 76 Quhow his master be his slicht had rewit hym steringe & mycht. c1400Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 66 Þe seconde partye [of Astronomye] ys of þe qualyte & of þe manere to knowe þe sterynge of þe firmament. c1530Judic. Urines ii. vii. 30 Pulmo the lunges is a membre softe and tendre..hauynge..ii. meuynges, yt is to say, .ii. maner of sterynges. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 744 The sterne that with little locall stirring guideth so many Ships. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. Contents, Bearing is neither rest nor stirring, but the keeper or spring of stirring.
2. A beginning to move; a slight or momentary movement; (with negative) any or the least movement.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. i. 822 His [sc. a dying man's] pouce es stille, with-outen styringes. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxix. (Placidas) 134 He..lay stil..but steryng of fut ore hand. a1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula, etc. 24 Þat it be noȝt hurt þruȝ..sodayn styrryng of þe pacient wiþ þe poynt of þe rasour or of þe launcette. 1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 215 They made no stirryng, nor once shewed them selfe in sight. 1805Wordsw. Fidelity 6 He..searches with his eyes..And now at distance can discern A stirring in a brake of fern. 1871Burr Ad Fidem xvi. 349 Subtle stirrings of the air, that show the coming cyclone. 1909H. J. Newbolt New June lxvii, The spark..was but smouldering and creeping... The first stirring of the flame was close at hand.
b. The action of leaving one's place, or of going out of doors.
1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 76 Here being no stirring out to Sea, or travelling in the Country. 1710–11Swift Jrnl. to Stella 10 Jan., He had no thoughts of stirring till summer. 1755Elisa Young in A. Young's Autobiog. (1898) 15 We have had so much rain lately that there has been no stirring.
†c. fig. Change, alteration, variation. Obs.
a1240Ureisun in O.E. Hom. I. 189 [Crist] þet is euer ille wiþ-ute truchunge, þet halt euer anon wiþ-ute sturunge. Ibid. 203 Wið-ute sturiunge.
d. fig. Beginning of action or activity; esp. of mental faculties, intellectual movements, or the like.
1387–8T. Usk Test. Love i. Prol. (Skeat) 82 This book shal be of love, and the pryme causes of steringe in that doinge. 1711Addison Spect. No. 257 ⁋9 Those weak Stirrings and Tendencies of the Will. 1873Symonds Grk. Poets v. 111 The very earliest stirrings of conscious art in Greece. 1909Edin. Rev. July 154 The stirrings of an independent life in the..peoples.
†3. Active movement; bodily exercise. Obs.
c1400tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 71 Stirynge before þe mete sterith þe hete of þe stomak. a1400–50Wars Alex. 781 Quat of stamping of stedis & stering of bernes, All dymed þe dale. 1561Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 40 b, Let him use moderate walkinge or stearing. 1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 180 Great sturryng, small mouyng. 1626Bacon Sylva §62 Excesse of Meat, Excesse of Drinke, Extraordinary Fasting, Extraordinary Stirring. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 512 Stirring about, and Trading..had..more Pleasure in it..than sitting still.
†b. Of a horse: The designation of a particular kind of pace. Cf. stirrer 3 b, stirring ppl. a. 2 b.
1477Paston Lett. III. 186 The gentyllest hors in trotting and sterying that is in Calis.
4. Violent movement, commotion.
a. In physical sense. ? Obs. (In early quots. contextual or lit. from L. motus.)
c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. viii. 24 Ða wearð mycel styrung [Vulg. motus; c 1160 Hatton steriung] ᵹeworden on þære sæ. Ibid. Matt. xxiv. 7 Eorþan styrunga [c 1160 Hatton eorðe steriunge; Vulg. terræ motus]. 1382Wyclif Matt. viii. 24 A grete steryng [1388 stiring] was maad in the see.
b. Tumult, uproar; political disturbance, sedition; insurrection. Obs. or merged in other senses.
a1154O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 975, & com þa on þam eaftran ᵹeare swiðe mycel hungor, & swyðe mæniᵹfealde styrunga ᵹeond Angel cyn. 1415Ld. Scrope in 43rd Rep. Dep. Kpr. Publ. Rec. 590 A gret stiring of Lolardis. 1529Rastell Pastyme (1811) 281 A newe styrrynge began in the northe contrey. 1665Clarke Papers (Camden) III. 28 There is noe stirring in Wales, nor any in armes that wee know of except these in Dorsetshire. [1828Carr Craven Gloss., Stirrings, a bustle, a commotion.]
†c. Disturbance of mind or feelings. Obs. rare—1 (rendering L. motus).
a1400in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 256 Wiþ weopinge we comen, Wiþ weopinge we passun. Wiþ steriinge we byginnen, Wiþ steriinge we enden.
5. The action of setting in motion, agitation. Now rare or Obs.
c1000Ags. Gosp. John v. 4 æfter þæs wæteres styrunge. 1665Phil. Trans. I. 52 Almost any Ventilation and stirring of the Air doth refrigerate. 1712M. Henry Daily Commun. (1822) 328 The sick and sore in Bethesda's pool waited for the stirring of the water.
†b. Shaking (of the head). Obs. rare.
a1225Ancr. R. 188 Hore hefden sturiunge [v.r. schakinge] upon him. a1300E.E. Psalter xliii. [xliv.] 15 Þou set us..Stiringe of heved [L. commotionem capitis] in folke to be. a1325Prose Psalter ibid., Stirieng of heued.
6. Agitation with the hand or an implement so as to shift or mix the parts:
a. of a liquid, of coals, etc.: see stir v. 3 a, b.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxxviii. (1495) 935 Lebes is a vessell of brasse to sethe flesshe therin and taketh blaknesse of often brennynge and vnclennesse and nedeth therfore ofte styryng and wypynge. 1611Cotgr., Patouil,..a making foule by much sturring. 1640T. Brugis Marrow of Physicke ii. 151 Boyle it with stirring. 1782J. Brown Nat. & Revealed Religion iii. ii. 238 The stirring of a wasps' nest makes them rage and sting the more.
b. of soil; spec. a second ploughing (see stir v. 3 c); also concr. land that has just been ‘stirred’.
14..Lat.-Eng. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 582/27 Febrimacio, sturrynge of londe. 1523–34Fitzherb. Husb. §17 If it be layde vpon the sturrynge, at euery plowynge it shall medle the donge and the erthe togyder. 1577Googe tr. Heresbach's Husb. i. 21 b, Through many stirringes, your Fallowe is brought to so fine a moulde, as it shall neede very little or no harrowing at all when you sowe it. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 239 Some short time before the second tilth, which they call stirring. 1725Bradley's Family Dict. s.v. Fallow-Ground, Fallowing is the first Ploughing for Barley, as Stirring is the second, and Sowing the third. 1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 9 In cross-ploughing or stirring, they [sc. the coulters] may be set three-fourths of an inch towards the land. 1865Chamb. Encycl. VI. 347/2 Hoeing or other stirring of the soil is beneficial.
7. The action of rousing or exciting to activity or emotion; incitement, instigation, provocation; † prompting, suggestion, inducement, persuasion.
1399Rolls of Parlt. III. 452/1 By waye of counseill and styryng. 1420–2Lydg. Siege Thebes i. 235 Thorgh his styring, and exortacioun With hym they went. 1507in Sel. Cases Star Chamber (Selden Soc.) I. 271 They wold haue it sold & so by thair assentes & steringes it was sold for xx li. 1530Palsgr. 276/2 Styrryng to angre, irritation. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 124 The cause of this warre..was made by the styryng of a Frenche man. 1656J. Harrington Oceana (1658) 155 What convenience is there for debate in a crowd, where there is nothing but jostling, treading upon one another, and stirring of blood? 1891Kipling Light that Failed x. 205 He..remembered to stir Bessie, who needed very little stirring, into a tremendous rage.
b. Also with up: cf. stir v. 16 d, e.
c1580[H. Nicholas] (title) The Fift Epistle: a stirring⁓vp of the Heart to the Humiliation or Following of Jesus. 1586A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. (1625) 47 In matter of exhortation or stirring vp to wel-doing. 1675J. Owen Indwelling Sin x. (1732) 127 Warnings, Calls, Excitations, or Stirrings up. 1857J. D. Borthwick Three Yrs. California ii. 42 He was such a dreadfully crabbed old rascal that I thought the stirring-up he got was quite necessary to keep him sweet. 1914Evening Standard 10 Nov. 6 Yesterday London got just what it wanted—a stirring up.
8. Inward prompting, suggestion, or incitement; impulse; in later use, inward movement of feeling or desire (cf. 2 d).
a1225Ancr. R. 294 Eadi is he..þat..to brekeð..þe ereste sturunges hwon þet fleshs ariseð. a1340Hampole Psalter ii. 10 Wickid sterynge of pride ire enuye couaitis iolifte and oþer vices. c1400Apol. Loll. 67 Oft he [a judge] folowiþ his steringis [suae voluntatis motus..sequitur], & not þe meritis of causis. 1636Massinger Bashful L. iii. i, I..begin To feel new stirrings, gallant thoughts. 1746Wesley Princ. Methodist 21 He has Power over all the Stirrings and Motions of Sin, but not a total Freedom from them. 1864Bryce Holy Rom. Emp. iv. (1875) 42 The lofty..mind of Charles was not free from the stirrings of personal ambition. 1884W. C. Smith Kildrostan 65, I Begin to feel a stirring in my veins, As if I must be off into the woods.
†b. An affection of the mind, an emotion. Obs.
1552T. Wilson Logic 21 There be .iiii. stirringes [1551, perturbacions] principall..in..the mynd... Libido, seu cupiditas. Lust or desire. Leticia. Mirthe. Egritudo. Grief. Metus. Feare.
9. attrib. and Comb.: in sense 5 a (‘used for stirring’), as stirring-apparatus, stirring-bar, stirring-buddle, stirring-rod, stirring-spoon; in sense 5 b (‘for stirring’), as stirring-time.
1877Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 399 A convenient *stirring-apparatus consists of two oblique blades fixed to the base of a vertical shaft.
1839Ure Dict. Arts, etc. 1025 The mixture is agitated..by hand with the *stirring-bar.
Ibid. 751 The *stirring buddle, or chest for freeing the schlamms or slimy stuff from clay.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 1264 The capital should be provided with a stuffing-box, through which a *stirring-rod may pass down to the bottom of the still. 1895Arnold & Sons' Catal. Surg. Instrum. 328 Stirring-rod.
1915Tremearne Bori Beliefs in Jrnl. R. Anthrop. Inst. XLV. 34 Making a porridge of flour, and then scraping it off from the *stirring-spoon with her fingers.
1523–34Fitzherb. Husb. §16 The wiedes shall take suche roote, er *sterynge-tyme comme, that they wylle not be cleane tourned vndernethe.
▪ II. ˈstirring, ppl. a.
[f. stir v. + -ing2.]
That stirs, in various senses of the verb.
1. Moving; that is in motion, or capable of motion; moving about or along; moving lightly or tremulously.
In quot. c 1440, loose, not fixed; in quot. 1597 transf. moving from one note to another.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. Introd. 6 Trewum styrendum vel cerrendum. c1384Chaucer H. Fame 478 Yf y kan See owghwhere any stiryng man. c1400Mandeville (1839) xv. 162 Thei be not sterynge ne mevable. c1440Pallad. on Husb. ii. 141 Stiryng stonys [L. mobiles lapides] Commyxt with mold. 1597Morley Introd. Mus. 81 If your descant should be stirring in any place, it should bee in the note before the close. 1611Cotgr., Grouillis, a stirring heape of wormes, or other vermine. 1819Keats Indolence v, A lawn besprinkled o'er With flowers, and stirring shades.
†b. fig. Changeful, unstable, inconstant. Obs. (Cf. the quot. from the same poem under sense 2.)
c1400Destr. Troy 8057 Hit is a propertie..To all wemen..To be vnstable & not stidfast, styrond of wille.
2. Moving briskly, active, lively, agile; energetic in action; actively occupied, busy, bustling.
c1400tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 104 Swyft and stirrand as goote. c1400Destr. Troy 3833 A stythe man of his stature, stirond of wille, Menyt [? read Meuyt] hym to mony thinges, & of mynde gode. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 16 Such a merrie nimble stirring spirit. 1628Feltham Resolves i. xxx. 96 Naturall heate does more actuate the stirring Genius of Man. a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 263 Watch [was] set upon her, lest she being a stirring woman, should raise a tumult. 1709Steele Tatler No. 180 ⁋1 He..wanted a stirring Man to take upon him his Affairs. 1845J. Coulter Adv. in Pacific xvii. 280 The missionaries, or stirring mercantile people, whose professions kept them moving quickly about. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ii. I. 182 No man could be a stirring and thriving politician who was not prepared to change with every change of fortune.
†b. stirring horse: a courser. Cf. stirrer 3 b, stirring vbl. n. 3 b.
1375Barbour Bruce xi. 129 Mony ane sturdy sterand steid. c1470Gol. & Gaw. 588 On ane sterand steid, that sternly will stert. 1477Paston Lett. III. 183 That he be well trottyng of his owne corage, with owte fors of sporis, and also a steryng hors. 1538Elyot Dict., Sternax, a steerynge or ploungynge horse. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 53, I omit farther the costly apparel..the massy cheynes, the stirrynge horses. 1551–2Edw. VI Jrnl. (Roxb.) 392 Tou genettes, a sturring horse, and tow litle moyles. 1598Stow Surv. 76 Hench men twaine, vpon great stirring horses following him. 1614Rich Honestie of Age (1615) 28 Fitter to ryde in a Curtizans Coach vp and downe the streets, then to bestride a stirring Horse in the Field.
c. Characterized by or full of stir or activity.
1647Boyle in Birch Life (1744) 76 Qualities, that in this stirring and necessitous age..make very unfrequent matches in the self-same person. 1800Wordsw. Michael 81 She was a woman of a stirring life, Whose heart was in her house. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ix. II. 484 The stirring market town of Brixham. 1853Lytton My Novel viii. vii, You come from London? Stirring times for you English. 1873J. O. Brookfield Not a Heroine I. 32, I want a more stirring occupation.
3. That excites or incites.
†a. Physically stimulating, stimulant. Obs. rare.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 106 Sele him oft styrᵹendne drenc. 1609Dekker Gull's Horn-bk. viii. 34 Capon is a stirring meate sometime.
b. Inciting to action, or inducing emotion; rousing, stimulating, animating, inspiriting; exciting, moving, thrilling.
1421Hoccleve Minor Poems xxiii. 519 But thogh thy wordes sharpe & stirynge seeme, To many a man profyten they but lyte. 1530Palsgr. 325/2 Steryng or provokyng to do a thyng, incitatif. 1645Rutherford Tryall & Tri. Faith xxii. 255 If God should withdraw his stirring and prædeterminating influence. 1873Black Pr. Thule xxvi. 446 Cheerful and stirring music. 1888Burgon Lives 12 Gd. Men II. vi. 77 Lives..without stirring incidents. |