| 释义 |
▪ I. † stive, n.1 Obs. rare—1.
In 4 styue.
[Var. of stew n.1, a. OF. estuve.
The rhyme styues: lyues (n. pl.) shows that the word is not merely a different spelling of stue, stewe.]
= stew n.1 4.
c1386Chaucer Friar's T. 34 ‘They han of us no Iurisdiccioun, Ne neuer shullen, terme of alle hir lyues.’ ‘Peter! so been the wommen of the styues’ Quod the Somnour, ‘y-put out of my cure!’
▪ II. † stive, n.2 Obs. rare—1.
[Of obscure origin; perh. some error.]
? The eyeball or the pupil.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 79 Whearby groweth (as it weare) a scumme over the stive of the eye.
▪ III. † stive, n.3 Obs.
[? f. stive v.3 (sense 3 b).]
(See quot.)
1688Holme Armoury ii. 252/1 A Stive, or Stove, is a thing made of straw, almost after the manner of a Bee Hive, to put the Cock in, to keep him warm.
▪ IV. stive, n.4|staɪv|
[a. Du. † stuive (given by Kilian as obs.), related to stuiven to rise as dust. Cf. mod.Du. stuifmeel floating dust of flour.
The word seems to have belonged orig. to Pembrokeshire, where there was a Flemish colony, and to E. Anglia, where words from Du. are frequent.]
Dust; esp. the floating dust of flour during the operation of grinding.
1793Gentl. Mag. Dec. 1084 Stive, dust. Pembrokeshire.—Dust is there only used to signify sawdust. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Stive, dust. We use the word in no other sense. 1853Glynn Power Water 138 The dust, or ‘stive,’ as millers call it. 1907Times 15 Feb. 3/1 The filtering medium, whatever it was, speedily got choked by the stive or dust.
b. Comb.
1907Times 15 Feb. 3/1 The air passing out through the cone was by no means free from impurities, and a second apartment or stiveroom was required as a settling chamber.
▪ V. † stive, n.5 Obs.
[a. OF. estive, latinized stīva.]
A kind of bagpipe. Cf. stivour.
c1290St. Thomas 80 in S. Eng. Leg. 379 Tabours and fiþele and symphanye, stiues and harpingue.
▪ VI. † stive, n.6 Obs. rare—1.
[ad. L. stīva (in the original passage).]
A plough-tail.
1693[N. Tate] tr. Cowley's Hist. Plants iv. 177 The same Right-hand guides now the humble Stive, And Oxen Yoaks, that did fierce Nations drive.
▪ VII. † stive, v.1 Obs. rare.
[ME. stīven, OE. stífian, f. stīf stiff a.]
a. intr. To become stiff (OE. only).
b. trans. To make stiff.
c1000ælfric Gram. xxvi. (Z.) 154 Rigeo ic stifiᵹe. 13..Will. Palerne 3033 Þe hote sunne hade so hard þe hides stiued, Þat [etc.].
▪ VIII. stive, v.2 Now chiefly Sc.|staɪv|
[a. OF. estiver, otherwise adopted as steeve v.2]
trans. To compress and stow (cargo) in a ship's hold. Also transf. to pack tightly; to crowd (with things or people). Also with up.
a1320Sir Tristr. 1169 In botes þai gun him stiue And drouȝ him to þe land. 1615G. Sandys Trav. i. 15 You would..admire if you saw them stiue it in their ships: enforcing a sacke as big as a wooll-packe into a roome at the first too narrow for your arme. a1639Wotton Parallel Essex & Buckhm. (1641) 7 His chamber being commonly stived with friends or Suitors of one kinde or other. 1659T. Philipot Vill. Cant. 2 Four Syllables..all confusedly shuffled and stiv'd into this one word Gavelkind. 1781in Hone's Every-day Bk. II. 836 Corn [shall] be brought fairly to market, not stived up in granaries. 1844‘Jon. Slick’ High Life N. York II. 13 The cabin was so stived up with onion barrels..that I hadn't no room to fix up in. 1888Doughty Arabia Deserta I. 203 The locust meat is stived in leathern sacks.
▪ IX. stive, v.3|staɪv|
[app. a variant of stew v., a. OF. estuver. Cf. stive n.1 In mod. use often with mixture of the sense of stive v.2, to pack tightly, and sometimes associated with stifle v.]
†1. trans. To boil slowly: = stew v. Obs. rare.
c1390Forme of Cury (1780) 37 Do the flessh therewith in a Possynet and styue [printed styne] it. [1743Lye in Junius' Etymol., Stive or stew meat, carnem lento igne coquere. Su. stufwa à stew, Laconicum, q.v. Hinc to stive one, Aliquem æstu ferè suffocare.]
2. To shut up in a close hot place; to stifle, suffocate.
a1722Lisle Husb. (1757) 444 [The sparrow] chooses then, when the weather grows warm,..to build sub dio, and not to stive herself up in nests under the eaves of a house. [1743: see sense 1.] 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) VII. 131, I have one half of the house to myself;..while..the two musty nieces are stived up in the other half. 1837T. Hook Jack Brag xvii, You did not suppose I was going to be stived up in this place. 1840Geo. Eliot in Cross Life (1885) I. 77 O how luxuriously joyous to have the wind of heaven blow on one after being stived in a human atmosphere. 1865J. Payn Married beneath him III. 181 What your husband needs is an immediate change of air and scene. He has been stived up here in town too long.
3. intr. To ‘stew’, suffocate.
1806J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life v. I. 83 The holes of happiness in which you have been stiving for the last two or three months. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. liv, One can get rid of a few hours every day in that way, instead of stiving in a damnable hotel.
b. Of a fighting-cock (cf. stove v. and stive n.3).
1704Lond. Gaz. No. 4063/4 The said Pens are now..built over the Pit, and very convenient to the Sparring and Stiving Rooms, much to the Advantage of the Feeders, and Cocks feeding, sparring and stiving.
Hence stived ppl. a. (chiefly in comb. stived-up), deprived of fresh air; ˈstiving vbl. n., attrib. in stiving-room (sense 3 b); ˈstiving ppl. a., suffocating.
1598Brandon Octavia ii. B 7, What monstrous greefe, what horror, thus constrains My stiuing hart, his lodging to forsake. 1704Stiving room [see 3 b]. 1847L. Hunt Men, Women & Bks. (1876) 74 Sofa-bedsteads..in ‘stived⁓up’ little rooms. 1880B. W. Richardson in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 670 The stived-up children of the metropolis. 1894N. Brooks Tales of Maine Coast 59, I mounted to the fifth story of the rickety, stived building.
▪ X. stive
obs. f. steeve a. and v.1, stiff a. |