| 释义 |
dermatome|ˈdɜːmətəʊm|
[f. dermat-, dermato- + -tome.]
1. Surg. Any of various devices for removing an intact layer of skin, often of predetermined thickness, for subsequent grafting; (see also quot. 18882).
1888J. V. Shoemaker Pract. Treat. Dis. Skin i. 87 (caption) The dermatome or needle-knife, with spoon upon one end. Ibid. 88 The integument can be depleted either by a bistoury, a tenotome, or a short pointed needle; the one which I use in my practice I have termed the ‘dermatome’. 1939E. C. Padgett in Surg., Gynecol. & Obstetrics LXIX. 783/2 A mechanism consisting principally of a drum with a movable knife..was constructed. It was found..possible..to remove a sheet of skin as large as the drum... Since the perfection of the dermatome I have had occasion to employ 83 calibrated grafts. 1958Immunology I. 29 The second grafts..were 2 × 2 squares, cut with a dermatome. 1974R. M. Kirk et al. Surgery v. 73 A thin sheet of the superficial part of the donor area is shaved off using a large razor-like knife, or a power-driven dermatome.
2. Embryol. The lateral wall of a somite, which appears to develop into connective tissue of the skin.
1910Amer. Jrnl. Anat. XI. 61 The inner layer only, the Muskellamelle (myotome) forms muscle, whereas its outer layer Cutislamelle (dermatome) is converted into the connective tissue of the dermis. Ibid. 62, I have therefore followed with great care the history of one of the two somites of the second segment up to the time of its transformation into the sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome. 1917L. B. Arey Prentiss' Textbk. Embryol. (ed. 2) x. 293 The lateral cells of the original mesodermal segment persist as a dermatome. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xviii. 10/2 A small, short lived cavity appears within each somite, dividing it into an outer sheet of cells, which constitutes the myotome and the so called dermatome, and an inner, more loosely-arranged collection of cells, the sclerotome. 1974D. & M. Webster Compar. Vertebr. Morphol. viii. 151 In the epaxial region the dermis is formed by the dermatome of the epimere.
3. Anat. [ad. G. dermatom (L. Bolk 1898, in Morphol. Jahrb. XXV. 468).] An area of the skin which is supplied by nerves from a single spinal root.
1915F. A. Welby tr. L. Luciani's Human Physiol. III. v. 303 There is a true segmentation of the body-surface..as well as a true segmentation of the muscles, which both correspond with the metamerism of the spinal roots... While the skin segments (Bolk's dermatomes) form continuous fields, the muscle segments (Bolk's myotomes) are compounded of portions of several muscles. 1942T. Lewis Pain ii. 21, I have compiled diagrams..from Foerster's data... They may be regarded as representing pain dermatomes with an accuracy approximating to that of touch dermatomes. 1948A. Brodal Neurol. Anat. vi. 146 On the trunk each dermatome covers an approximately circular belt-like field... The considerable degree of overlapping between neighbouring dermatomes is evident in the diagram. 1976Lancet 4 Dec. 1220/2 He had a fading confluent vesicular peranal rash on both sides, with reduced pinprick sensation in the second, third, and fourth sacral dermatomes. |