| 释义 |
▪ I. designate, ppl. a.|ˈdɛsɪgnət|
[ad. L. dēsignāt-us, pa. pple. of dēsignāre to designate.]
Marked out for office or position; appointed or nominated, but not yet installed, as in bishop designate. spec. in the University of Cambridge.
1646Buck Rich. III, i. 3 Richard Plantagenet..King of England, designate by King Henry the Sixth..This Duke of Yorke, and King designate. 1847Sir W. Hamilton Let. 32 Definite, or, more precisely, predefinite..is equivalent..to designate and pre-designate. 1877World VII. 11 The husband designate was present. 1878Cambr. Univ. Cal. 5 There are three days of general admission to the title of Bachelor Designate of Arts in every year. 1888Times 27 June 12/4 The Lord Bishop of Bedford Designate will preach. 1892Ordinances of Cambr. Univ. 152 At the creation of Doctors of Law in every year, the names be arranged in order of seniority according to the seniority of the Doctors Designate as Masters of Law. 1925Cambr. Univ. Cal. 85 Bachelors in Arts, Law, Medicine, Surgery, and Music remain ‘Bachelors designate’ until the 31st of December.
Hence ˈdesignatehood, the condition of being designate.
1862Sat. Rev. XIV. 705/1 The period of Designatehood.
▪ II. designate, v.|ˈdɛs-, ˈdɛzɪgneɪt|
[f. ppl. stem of L. dēsignāre to mark out, trace out, denote by some indication, contrive, devise, appoint to an office, f. de- (de- I. 3) + signāre to mark. Some of the senses of the L. verb, having come down through It. and Fr., are expressed by design; designate is a modern formation taking up the other senses: cf. F. désigner as distinct from dessiner and obs. desseigner.]
1. trans. To point out, indicate; to particularize, specify.
1801Brit. Crit. July (T.), Of these [faults] so few examples occur, that it would be invidious to designate them. 1808J. Barlow Columb. viii. 522 Its faults designate and its merits prize. 1828Webster s.v., The limits are designated on the map. 1839–40W. Irving Wolfert's R. (1855) 107 He need only designate to me the way to his chamber. 1846Trench Miracles xxx. (1862) 430 The man..designates the channel in which he desires that this mercy may flow. 1861Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne I. xi. 170 It had four post horses..the number having been designated by Lord Mount-Severn.
2. Of things: To serve to point out; to be an indication of. With compl.: To point out, specify as being so and so.
1807Southey Espriella's Lett. II. 251 A black Triton..meant..by his crown of feathers, to designate the native Indians. c1829Landor Wks. (1868) II. 93 Her lips [in a picture] were half-open; her hair flew loosely behind her, designating that she was in haste. a1831A. Knox Rem. (1844) I. 65 Those interior effects of Divine grace, which designate their nature..to the..possessor. 1870Rogers Hist. Gleanings Ser. ii. 200 A man's dress designated his rank and calling. 1884tr. Lotze's Metaph. ii. iv. 293 The only function of the mathematical symbol is to designate p and q as absolutely equal in rank.
3. To point out by a name or descriptive appellation; to name, denominate, entitle, style.
1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. ix. 693 The coalition..gave existence to the ministry which that circumstance has served to designate. 1831Carlyle Sart. Res. ii. v. (1838) 161 The title Blumine, whereby she is here designated. 1868Lockyer Elem. Astron. i. (1879) 29 Clusters and nebulæ are designated by their number in the catalogues. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 79 Two very distinct conceptions..equally designated by the common name of civil liberty.
b. with double obj. or compl.: To name, describe, or characterize (as).
1836Random Recoll. Ho. Lords xvi. 397, I designate them [his ideas] as somewhat above mediocrity. 1854Macaulay Misc. Writ. (1860) II. 228 He is designated, in Mr. Ivimey's History of the Baptists, as the depraved Bunyan, the wicked tinker of Elstow. 1862Stanley Jew. Ch. (1877) I. xix. 360 Miriam is almost always designated as the ‘prophetess’. 1879M. Arnold Guide Eng. Lit. Mixed Ess. 194, I wonder at his designating Milton our greatest poet.
4. Of things: To serve as a name for, stand for; to be descriptive of.
1816Singer Hist. Cards 45 The term continued to designate hired troops. 1842Alison Hist. Europe (1849–50) X. lxix. §29. 438 The celebrated saying..‘If these books [etc.]’..designates the whole system of their..government.
5. To appoint, set apart, select, nominate for duty or office; to destine or devote to a purpose or fate. Const. for, to.
1791J. Barlow Adv. Priv. Orders i. 27 A mere savage..would decide the question of equality by a trial of bodily strength, designating the man that could lift the heaviest beam to be the legislator. 1828Webster s.v., This captain was designated to that station. 1853Maurice Proph. & Kings xxii. 378 Josiah..was designated to his task before his birth. 1855Milman Lat. Chr. vii. vi. (1864) IV. 202 Men..equally designated for perdition in this world and the next. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 394 A clause designating the successor by name. |