| 释义 |
accumulation|əˌkjuːmjʊˈleɪʃən|
[ad. L. accumulātiōn-em, n. of action, f. accumulāre: see accumulate.]
1. The action of accumulating; heaping up, amassing, collecting. lit. and fig.
1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. iii. i. 19 His lieutenant, For quicke accumulation of renowne, Which he atchiu'd by' th' minute, lost his fauour. 1612Brerewood Lang. & Relig. xiii. 136 That gathering of waters & discovery of the Earth, was made, not by any mutation in the Earth, but by a violent accumulation of the waters, or heaping them up on high. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 147 ⁋1 Little things grow by continual accumulation. 1825McCulloch Pol. Econ. iv. 415 In all tolerably well governed countries, the principle of accumulation has uniformly had a marked ascendancy over the principle of expence. 1875Hamerton Intell. Life v. ii. 185 There are a hundred rules for getting rich, but the instinct of accumulation is worth all such rules put together.
2. The action or process of growing into a heap, or large amount. spec. The growth of a sum of money by the continuous addition of the interest to the principal.
1490Caxton Eneydos xviii. 68 Merueyllouse sorowe, wherof her herte was surprysed in gret accumylacyon of extreme dysplaysur. 1828Ld. Grenville Sinking Fund 9 The principle of unlimited accumulation was expressly excluded from that law, by a provision which limited to four millions the sinking fund then established. c1854Stanley Sinai & Palest. (1858) iii. 172 The accumulation of ruins and rubbish from above must have raised its ancient level. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 189 They form, by their accumulation, a cone-shaped mound or hill.
3. The combination of several distinct acts or exercises into one, so that they are performed at a single exercise, or without the usual interval. spec. The taking of several degrees together, and in such a way that the exercises for the lower count as part work for the higher.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v., Accumulation of degrees, in an university, is used for the taking of several degrees together, and with fewer exercises, or nearer to each other, than the ordinary rules allow of. 1865Monastic Life in Mid. Ages in Englishm. Mag. Feb. 139 It would not appear that the divine offices were said then as now by accumulation, i.e. by joining several of the services together at convenient times.
4. a. An accumulated mass; a heap, pile, or quantity formed by successive additions.
1490Caxton Eneydos xv. 61 He was therof vtterly dysplaysed wherby a grete acumulacyon of yre and wrathe he begate wythin the roote of hys herte. 1665Manley Grotius's Low-Countrey-Warrs 6 This great Accumulation of Fortune, being transposed unto the Austrian Family..augmented their Power. 1760Johnson in Boswell (Routl.) 225 You [Dr. Burney] are an honest man to have formed so great an accumulation of knowledge. 1843Carlyle Past & Pr. (1858) 242 The Ant lays up accumulation of capital. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. I. 656 The nickname evidently alludes to his great accumulations of property. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 64 The winter's accumulation of snow is never completely melted by the summer sun.
b. mountain of accumulation; also accumulation mountain (see quot. 1956).
1886Sc. Geogr. Mag. II. 150 Mountains of Accumulation.—Volcanoes may be taken as the type of this class of mountains. 1898J. Geikie Earth Sculpt. xvi. 272 Some of these have been piled or heaped up at the surface—they have grown into heights by gradual accumulation, and may therefore be termed accumulation-mountains. 1956J. C. Swayne Conc. Gloss. Geogr. Terms 9 Accumulation mountain, a mountain the growth of which has taken place by accretion from outside, usually due to volcanic, though in some cases to epigenic, action. |