| 释义 |
strainer|ˈstreɪnə(r)|
Forms: 4 streignour, streyngoure, -your, ? streinor, stryn(n)or, 4–5 streynour(e, straynour(e, strenour, 5 straynowr(e, -woure, streynȝour, strener, strenyor, -yowre, streneyour, strynour, 5–6 streyner, strenȝoure, 6 streynyowr, straygner, strenear, -ere, -yer, 7 streiner, 5–7 strayner, 6– strainer.
[f. strain v.1 + -er1; but the early forms suggest that there may have been an AF. *estreignour, f. estreign- strain v.1]
1. a. A utensil or device for straining, filtering, or sifting; a filter, sieve, screen, or the like.
1326–7Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 15 In 20 ulnis linee tele pro naprouns et streyngoures. 1348–9Ibid. 43 In Streynyours. 139.Earl Derby's Exped. (Camden) 22/3 Pro xl virges de streynours ad iij d., x s. c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 9 Þorowgh a strynour þou hom strene. c1481Caxton Dialogues 8 For to make..sauses thorugh the strayner. 1527Luton Trin. Guild (1906) 188 Payd for A gelebag and a strenere v d. 1533in Kal. & Inv. Exch. (1836) II. 294 Item a strayner of golde for orrenges. 1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 41/2 Then straygne them through a clothe or straygner. 1640T. Brugis Marrow of Physicke ii. 155 Let it run through a woollen strainer. 1707Mortimer Husb. 216 Pour it..into a Strainer of fine thin Linen, or of twisted Hair. 1824Scott St. Ronan's x, The silver strainer, on which..the lady of the house placed the tea-leaves. 1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 254 Rose, or Strainer, a plate of copper or lead perforated with small holes, sometimes placed upon the heel of a pump to prevent any thing being sucked in which might choke the pump. 1889Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xi. 123 The ejector is surrounded by a strainer and placed in an ejector tank. 1894Outing XXIV. 435/1 A basket of gravel and dirt is thrown into a bamboo strainer.
b. Applied to natural structures or processes which perform the function of filtering.
1626Bacon Sylva §93 The Cause of Orient Colours in Birds..is by the Finenesse of the Strainer. 1666G. Harvey Morbus Angl. xxii. (1672) 51 The office of the Lungs is only to serve the heart in the capacity of Aereal strainers, to strain the Air. 1737Bracken Farriery Impr. (1756) I. 12 All the little Glands and Strainers of the Body. 1772Pennant Tours in Scot. (1774) 169 The apertures to the gills very long, and furnished with Strainers. 1841–71T. R. Jones Anim. Kingd. 826 Seeing that in some whales there are about three hundred plates composing the outer row on each side of the mouth, the reader may form some idea of the extent of this enormous strainer. 1880Huxley Crayfish ii. 53 So is the cuticle of the stomach calcified..to give rise..to a filter or strainer, whereby the nutritive juices are separated from the innutritious hard parts of the food.
c. transf. and fig.
1621–31Laud Serm. (1847) 44 The blessings..come not immediately from God to the people,..but they are strained..through the man, and therefore must relish a little of the strainer, him and his mortality. 1648Winyard Midsummer-Moon 4 Hee is a strainer, retaines all the dregges, and clarifies the University as milke and whites of eggs doth Ippocras. 1666T. Watson Godly Man's Pict. 255 He put his body to no other use, but to be a strainer for meat and drink to run thorow. 1732Pope Ess. Man ii. 189 Lust, thro' some certain Strainers well refin'd, Is gentle love. 1813Examiner 26 Apr. 266/1 To them may be traced, through different strainers, almost all the fictions of European romance.
2. a. A device for stretching or tightening.
1527in Archæologia XXXVI. 222 Item syx banner clothys and foure streyners and eyght pools too the same. 1688Holme Armory iii. 396/2 A [Sadlers'] Strainer..is made of Wood [etc.]..with this the Girth web is fastned and drawn streat upon the Sadle trees; or in such places where the Girth requires straining. 1883J. Scott Farm Roads etc. 83 The wires are strained by a portable strainer.
b. N.Z. ellipt. for strainer post below.
1933E. Jones Autobiogr. Early Settler xviii. 77, I know of a wire fence which was erected with wire strainers 70 years ago. 1950N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Apr. 347/3 Reinforced concrete strainers and intermediate posts are preferable to wood. 1961B. Crump Hang on a Minute, Mate 43 They'd been splitting the short ends of logs into posts and strainers.
3. (See quot.)
1891Century Dict., Strainer... In carriage-building: (a) A reinforcing strip or button at the back of a panel. (b) Canvas glued to the back of a panel to prevent warping or cracking.
4. Comb.: † strainer-cloth, a cloth used for filtering; strainer post chiefly N.Z. = straining post s.v. straining vbl. n. 6 a; strainer-vine, Luffa acutangula (Grisebach Flora W. Ind. Islands 788).
1444Compota Domest. (Abbotsf. Club) 21 Pro bultyngclothes strenourclothes [etc.]. 1483Caxton Golden Leg. 432 b/2 He..ware for a Shyrte a Stamyn or Streyner clothe. 1537in Myrr. Our Ladye Introd. 31 Strayner cloth j pece. 1921H. Guthrie-Smith Tutira xviii. 148 A kerosene case nailed to the top of a strainer-post. 1950N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Apr. 347/3 At the ends of each fence should be a good strainer post stayed in position in the normal way. 1965S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm ix. 132 If she walked round the drain she could climb on the corner strainer post and get a view of the house. 1968J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts 101 End or corner strainer posts are supported by diagonal struts. |