| 释义 |
▪ I. accuse, v.|əˈkjuːz|
Forms: 3–4 acuse, 4– accuse.
[a. OFr. acuse-r:—L. accūsā-re to call to account; for accausā-re, f. ac- = ad- to + causā-re; f. causa cause, reason, account. In 14th c. the Fr. prefix a- began to be refashioned after L. as ac- in Fr. and Eng.]
1. To charge with a fault; to find fault with, blame, censure.
a. Of persons.
1297R. Glouc. 523 Sir Hubert de Boru..Acused was to the king of mani luther prise. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 5423 Many accusers þar sal be þan, To accuse þam byfor þat domesman. 1393Langland P. Pl. C. iv. 220 For conscience acuseþ the · to congie þe for euere. c1440Gesta Rom. (1879) 417 The wolfe had Envie, and began to accuse hym to the lyon. 1535Coverdale 2 Sam. xix. 27 He hath accused thy seruaunt before my lorde y⊇ kynge. 1611Bible Prov. xxx. 10 Accuse not a seruant vnto his master. 1715Burnet Hist. Own Times (1823) I. 366 He had accused him to the King. 1847Tennyson Princess iv. 220 She sent for Blanche to accuse her face to face.
b. Of things.
c1450Lonelich Grail xxvii. 331 Why art thow so hardye & so fre The erthe to acvsen in ony degre? 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. i. iv. 16 The Pharisees..accused the Holinesse of Christ. 1681Dryden Abs. & Ach. 622 Such frugal Virtue Malice may accuse. 1708Chamberlayne St. Gt. Britain (1743) i. iii. i. 140 Which being done accordingly, he accuseth their contumacy. 1781Gibbon Decl & F. II. xxxi. 181 Popular clamour accused the dearness and scarcity of wine. 1857Bohn Handbk. Prov. 305 Accusing the times is but excusing ourselves.
2. (With the charge expressed.) To blame, charge, indict.
a. with as (for obs.).
1513–4R. Pace in Ellis Orig. Lett. i. 37 I. 108 For the punischement off suche as were accusidde as autors off the sayde poysonynge. 1538Starkey England 10 The socyety and cumpany of man ys not to be accusyd as the cause of thys mysordur. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, i. iii. 192 Doth any one accuse Yorke for a Traytor? 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. v. 229 Many indeed accuse such payments, as Popish in their original. 1673W. Cave Prim. Chr. i. i. 6 Caecilius..accuses the Christians for a desperate undone and unlawful faction. Mod. He was accused as accessary to the crime.
†b. with subord. clause or inf. phr. Obs.
1535Coverdale 2 Macc. x. 21 Accusynge those personnes, that they had solde the brethren for money. 1577Hanmer Anc. Eccl. Hist. (1619) 46 Certaine of this sect and opinion, were accused to have come from the Ancestors of Judas. 1611Bible Luke xvi. 1 The same was accused vnto him that he had wasted his goods. 1690Locke Hum. Underst. Wks. 1727 I. i. ii. §25. 11 That I may not be accused, to argue from the Thoughts of Infants, which are unknown to us, and to conclude, from what passes in their understandings.
3. To accuse (a person) of, (for, in, upon obs.): To charge with the crime or fault of.
1393Gower Conf. III. 236 The world hath oft accused Full grete princes of this dede. c1430Lydgate Bochas (1544) i. ii. 22 a, Atreus accused himself of murdre, and his brother upon advoutrye. 1579Gosson Sch. Abuse (Arb.) 17, I accuse my selfe of discourtesie too my friendes in keeping these abuses so long secret. 1598Shakes. Merry W. ii. i. 180 These that accuse him in his intent towards our wiues, are a yoake of his discarded men. 1602― Ham. iii. i. 124, I could accuse me of such things, that it were better my Mother had not borne me. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. ix. 163 As a Father of the Church, he is accused for too much conniving at the factious disturbers thereof. 1809Southey in Q. Rev. I. 193 The Romanists accuse the Protestants for their indifference. 1878Seeley Stein III. 476 They may accuse his admirers of claiming too much, but they can bring no such accusation against himself.
4. absol. (by omitting the personal object), as in ‘Who is he that accuseth?’ and hence, intr. To bring an accusation; to utter charges.
c1380Wyclif Wycket 18 Nowe a dayes they accusen falsely agaynste Chryste. 1579Lyly Euphues (1636) E 4 Doth not Physicke destroy if it be not wel tempered? Doth not Law accuse if it be not rightly interpreted? 1868Geo. Eliot Sp. Gipsy 318 He accused no more, But dumbly shrank before accusing throngs Of thought.
5. To betray, disclose. Hence, fig. to reveal, display, indicate, show, or make known. (Rare in mod.Eng., and when found, perhaps in imitation of mod.Fr., in which this is a common sense of accuser.)
c1400Rom. Rose 1591 Right so the cristalle stoon shynyng, Withouten ony disseyvyng, The entrees of the yerde accusith. 1477Earl Rivers Dictes (Caxton) 29 Withoute he wolde accuse them that wer consenting to make werre ayenst the King. 1580Sidney Arcadia ii. 124 The Princes did in their countenances accuse no points of fear. 1649Milton Eikon. Wks. 1738 I. 376 This wording was above his known Stile and Orthography, and accuses the whole composure to be conscious of some other Author. 1658Reliq. Wotton. (1672) 362, I cannot (according to the Italian phrase)..accuse the receit of any Letter from you. 1864Crowe & Cavalcaselle Painting in Italy II. xxi. 523 The distribution of the scene accuses an absence of motive or thought.
▪ II. † aˈccuse, n. Obs. rare.
[f. the vb.]
The act of accusing or charging with crime; charge, accusation.
1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iii. i. 160 And dogged Yorke..By false accuse doth leuell at my life. 1647N. Bacon Hist. Disc. xxxvi. 86 In nature of positive accuse of one for a crime. |