| 释义 |
devotion, n.|dɪˈvəʊʃən|
Also 3–6 -cion, -oun, -un, -cyon, etc., 5–6 -tioun(e, 6 -syon.
[a. OF. devocion, -ciun, -tiun (12th c. in Littré), mod.F. dévotion = Pr. devotio, Cat. devoció, Sp. devocion, It. devozione, all early ad. L. dēvōtiōn-em, n. of action from dēvovēre to devote.
The order of development of the senses in L. was (1) the action of devoting or consecrating (to good or evil) by vow, (2) the condition of being devoted (to something good), devotedness, loyalty, fealty, allegiance, (3) (in Christian use) devotion to God and his service, piety, religious zeal. Only the Christian use passed from ecclesiastical L. into the Romanic langs. in the Middle Ages, and appears (with various extensions) in ME. from OF. After the Renascence, the etymological sense ‘action of devoting’ appeared in It., Fr., and Eng., at first only in reference to religious matters; in the 16th c. the word was extended to secular persons and things; this is specially noticed as a novelty in French in 1578 by H. Estienne (see Hatz.-Darm.). As all the senses are now in Eng., a logical arrangement without regard to history would follow the order, 8 (including 4); 5 (with 6); 1 (with 2, 3); 7.]
I. In religious use: appearing in ME. from ecclesiastical L., through OF.
1. The fact or quality of being devoted to religious observances and duties; religious devotedness or earnestness; reverence, devoutness.
a1225Ancr. R. 368 Þet oðer þing is heorte þeauwes, deuociun, reoufulnesse, merci..and oðre swuche uertuz. a1300Cursor M. 10123 heading (Gött.) Listens now wid gode deuocion. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 3459 When þou says praier or orison With over litel devocion. a1400Mandeville (Roxb.) x. 40 Þai syng þaire messez with grete deuocioun. c1400Rom. Rose 5147 But unto Love I was so thralle..So that no devocioun Ne hadde I in the sermoun Of dame Resoun. 1559W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 195 The Sepulcher of Mahomet, which the Turkes go to visite wyth great devotion. 1602Shakes. Ham. iii. i. 47 With Deuotions visage, And pious Action, we do sugar o're The diuell himselfe. 1710Prideaux Orig. Tithes iv. 171 Ethelwulf took a journey of Devotion to Rome. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 199 The austere devotion which..gave to his court the aspect of a monastery. 1854Faber Growth in Holiness xxii. (1872) 421 In theology, ‘devotion’ means a particular propension of the soul to God, whereby it devotes itself to the worship and service of God.
b. Const. to, toward a deity, etc.
c1384Chaucer H. Fame ii. 158 In somme recompensacion Of labour and devocion That thou hast had..To Cupido. 1483Caxton G. de la Tour H vj, This good lady had grete deuocion toward this hooly man and prophete. 1685H. More Paralip. Prophet. 244 Extravagant Devotion towards the Martyrs and their Reliques. 1852Rock Ch. of Fathers III. i. 241 Nothing could be warmer than Catholic England's devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.
†c. A feeling of devout reverence or awe. Obs.
a1225Ancr. R. 286 Amidde þe redunge..þeonne cumeð up a deuociun & tet is wurð monie bonen. 1601Holland Pliny I. 91 All is still and silent, like the fearfull horror in desert wilderness: and as men come neerer and neerer vnto it, a secret deuotion ariseth in their hearts.
†d. A devout impulse or desire. Obs.
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon vii. 156 Charlemagne was at Parys, and cam to hym a devocyon for to goo in pilgrymage to saynt James in Gales. a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxvii. 419 A deuosyon toke me to go a pylgremage to the holy sepulture.
2. Religious worship or observance; prayer and praise; divine worship.
b. spec. (R.C. Ch.) Worship directed to a special object, e.g. the Sacred Heart, Precious Blood, etc.
c. An act of worship; now only in pl., worship, ‘prayers’.
d. A form of prayer or worship, intended for private or family use.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 7252 For na devocyone Of prayer, ne almusdede, ne messe, May þam help. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 1017 Dido, Ther Dido was in hire devocyoun. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 137 Her saulter or other bokes of deuocion. c1470Henry Wallace vi. 127 Quhen sadly thai had said thar deuotioune. 1493[See devotioner]. 1548Hall Chron. 126 The churches were seldome used for devocion. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iv. i. 41 God sheild: I should disturbe Deuotion. 1624Donne (title) Devotions upon Evangelical Occasions. 1632Lithgow Trav. iv. 143 At their devotion, they will not tollerate any women. 1678Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 52 The Queen..goeing to Somersett House to her devotions. 1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4671/1 To assist at an established Devotion. 1711Steele Spect. No. 79 ⁋8 If they..read over so many Prayers in six or seven Books of Devotion. 1763J. Brown Poetry & Mus. xii. 211 Church Music in Italy..is considered more as a Matter of Amusement than Devotion. 1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Jrnls. (1872) I. 8 We saw several persons kneeling at their devotions. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. vi. 456 He sent him a splendid book of devotions. 1876J. P. Norris Rudim. Theol. i. iv. 70 Devotion, by which we mean the soul's communion with God. 1879E. Waterton Pietas Mariana Brit. ii. 156 The Bead-Psalter..was the popular devotion to our Ladye. 1885Cath. Dict. 393/1 The special and formal devotion to the Heart of Jesus..owes its origin to a French Visitation nun.
†e. An object of religious worship. Obs.
(But this sense is not very certain, the meaning of the quots. being in every case doubtful.)
1580Sidney Arcadia (1622) 277 Dametas began to speake his loud voice, to looke big, to march vp and downe..swearing by no meane deuotions, that the walles should not keepe the coward from him. 1611Bible Acts xvii. 21 As I passed by and beheld your deuotions [margin Or, gods that you worship; Gr. σεβάσµατα, Vulg. simulachra, Wyclif symulacris, maumetis, Rhem. Idols]. a1625Fletcher Double Marriage iv. iv, Churches and altars, priests, and all devotions, Tumbled together into one rude chaos.
†3. An offering made as an act of worship, an oblation; a gift given in charity, alms. Obs.
[c1400Beryn 134 To make hir offringis Riȝte as hir devocioune was of sylvir broch and ryngis.] 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. ii. (1877) 325 To contribute..towardes a sacrifice..other folkes geuing their deuocion towardes it. 1552Bk. Com. Prayer Communion, Then shal the Churche wardens..gather the deuocion of the people. 1581G. Pettie Guazzo's Civ. Conv. i. (1586) 43 There commeth on a time..to crave his devotion, a poore old man. 1626L. Owen Running Reg. 68 In the lid there is a hole, for people to put their Deuotion in. 1662Bk. Com. Prayer Communion, The alms for the poor, and other devotions of the people.
4. The action of devoting or setting apart to a sacred use or purpose; solemn dedication, consecration.[A Renascence sense, but connecting itself with the earlier religious uses.] 1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) v. vi. 408 Deuocyon is as moche to say as dedycacyon, or to be ordeyned to serue god and hym prayse. 1657–61Heylin Hist. Ref. ii. 55 He built two Altars, the one..by the Lord's appointment, the other..of his own devotion. 1879W. J. Loftie Ride in Egypt 145 Sometimes the inscription records the devotion of some town or place to a divinity.
II. In non-religious use; introduced in 16th c. from ancient L. through It. and Fr.
5. The quality of being devoted to a person, cause, pursuit, etc., with an attachment akin to religious devotion; earnest addiction or application; enthusiastic attachment or loyalty.
a1530Wolsey in Foxe A. & M. (1583) 990/2 For the singular deuotion, whych you beare towardes the kynge and hys affaires. 1577Harrison England ii. v. (1877) i. 117 But vnto this also I haue no great deuotion. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, i. i. 31 In the deuotion of a subiects loue. 1604― Oth. v. i. 8, I haue no great deuotion to the deed. 1607― Cor. ii. ii. 21 Hee seekes their hate with greater deuotion, then they can render it him. 1726Leoni tr. Alberti's Archit., Life 5 Lewis..had a very great devotion for the Annuntiata of Florence [a church]. 1830D'Israeli Chas. I, III. vi. 100 This fervid devotion to art in Charles. 1865M. E. Braddon Only a Clod I. 9 To attach themselves with slavish devotion to some brutal master.
†6. Devoted or attached service; command, disposal. to be at the devotion of, at a person's devotion, etc. [F. être à la dévotion de quelqu'un, 16th c. in Littré], to be entirely devoted to him or her. Obs.
1558in Strype Ann. Ref. I. ii. App. iv. 5 Men known to be sure at the queen's devotion. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 1300 Considering the multitude of them which is come to his majesties devotion. 1581Mulcaster Positions xix. (1887) 80 When they had their whirling gigges under the devotion of their scourges. 1600E. Blount tr. Conestaggio 92 He drew all he coulde to the Catholique Kings devotion. 1623Bingham Xenophon 94 Shipping is readie now, and at your deuotion. 1635R. Bolton Comf. Affl. Consc. i. 139 He stood now before them in bonds, at their mercy and devotion as they say. 1709Steele & Swift Tatler No. 68 ⁋5 A little of which [wax] he puts upon his Fore-finger, and that holds the Die in the Box at his Devotion. 1759Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. i. 64 The eight ecclesiastics..were entirely at the king's devotion. 1794Burke Pref. to Brissot's Address Wks. VII. 315 The sans culottes, or rabble..were wholly at the devotion of those incendiaries, and received their daily pay. 1839Times 13 May in Spirit Metrop. Conserv. Press (1840) I. 337 Such channels as were at the devotion of the minister.
†b. quasi-concr. Obs.
1570–6Lambarde Peramb Kent. (1826) 215 Such as were of the devotion of the Earle.
†7. That to which a person's action, or a thing, is devoted; object, purpose, intent. Obs.
1594Shakes. Rich. III, iv. i. 9 Whither away? Anne. No farther then the Tower, and as I guesse, Vpon the like deuotion as your selues. 1646J. Gregory Notes & Obs. (1650) 27 The devotion of the Reverse [of the Coyne] is to celebrate the..victory of Augustus over all ægypt.
8. The action of devoting or applying to a particular use or purpose.
1861M. Pattison Ess. (1889) I. 31 The devotion of a few pages to it. 1885Pall Mall G. 19 Mar. 5/1 The devotion of half a million to the carrying out of railway construction. |