| 释义 |
structuralist, n. (and a.) Social Sci. and Humanities.|ˈstrʌktjʊərəlɪst|
[f. structural a. + -ist.]
1. An advocate or adherent of a structural approach (see structural a. 5 a) or of a theory of structuralism.
1907J. R. Angell in Psychol. Rev. XIV. 67 Dwelling as the structuralist is supposed to do upon the problem of determining the irreducible elements of consciousness and their characteristic modes of combination. 1922W. McDougal in Amer. Jrnl. Psychiatry Jan. 347 Mott and the other structuralists..would..dismiss the second alternative with contempt. 1949Archivum Linguisticum I. 184 A survey of post-neogrammarian views on language, viz. those of Saussure..and the Danish ‘structuralists’. 1965Economist 25 Sept. p. xxvi/2 Some extreme structuralists argue that demand deflation is actually likely to increase cost inflation. 1975G. Steiner After Babel ii. 83 More than a century before the modern structuralists, Humboldt notes the distinctive binary character of the linguistic process. 1982Listener 18 Nov. 17/2 Structuralists and post-Structuralists maintain that the notion of the author as the creator of his works is merely a modern consolation prize.
2. attrib. or as adj.
1907J. R. Angell in Psychol. Rev. XIV. 62 The most lucid exposition of the structuralist position still remains, so far as I know, Titchener's paper, ‘The Postulates of a Structural Psychology’. 1929W. B. Pillsbury Hist. Psychol. xvi. 271 The structuralist school..holds that consciousness is directly observable and is composed of simple, definitely describable elements. 1955Jrnl. R. Anthropol. Inst. LXXXV. 1 The air of enchantment which for the last two decades has surrounded the ‘structuralist’ point of view. 1955Times 11 June 5/5 In contrast to much of to-day's painting..which is considered finished when it has reached the stage which, in any other epochs, would have been called the sketch, Structuralist painting is carried to completion in strict obedience to the scientific laws of colour-form structure. 1963Indian Econ. Rev. Feb. 67 The monetarist-structuralist controversy is an argument over the remedy for inflation, the monetarist taking supply as given and recommending a contraction of demand, the structuralist..taking demand as given [etc.]. 1965N. Chomsky Aspects of Theory of Syntax ii. 67 Such a system is apparently what is implicit in modern taxonomic (‘structuralist’) grammars. 1970J. Lyons Chomsky 29 The ‘structuralist’ approach was by no means confined to Boas and his successors in America. 1970Sunday Times 15 Nov. 32/2 Today when we go to Paris, we can read structuralist novels, look at structuralist paintings and hear structuralist music. Even newspaper cartoons and gourmet meals are subjected to structuralist interpretations. 1976Archivum Linguisticum VII. 152 Even present-day transformational grammar, though quite remote from classical structuralist thought, singles out a ‘fluent speaker’ set apart from the disturbing influences of social variation. 1979A. R. Peacocke Creation & World of Science i. 29 This more narrowly functionalist account of myth has given way, following the lead of Lévi-Strauss, to a ‘structuralist’ account. |