| 释义 |
‖ subbotnik|suːˈbɒtnɪk|
Pl. -niki, (anglicized) -niks.
[a. Russ. subbótnik, f. subbóta Saturday: cf. Sabbath.]
In the Soviet Union, the practice or an act of working voluntarily on a Saturday, for the benefit of the collective; = Saturdaying vbl. n.
The practice originated with workers on the Moscow-Kazan railway in Moscow on 10 May 1919. The meaning given in quot. 1920 is imprecise.
192019th Cent. Sept. 399 This mutilation was due to an accident which had happened to him while he was a subbotnik. Subbotniki..are workmen who work on Saturday (Subbota) for the benefit of the Government: there is quite a large subbotnik movement in Russia. 1921L. Trotsky Defence of Terrorism viii. 136 The flourishing, unprecedented in the history of humanity, of labor voluntarism in the form of subbotniks (Communist Saturdays). 1959C. Landauer Europ. Socialism I. xxvii. 772 The response to the call for subbotnik work left much to be desired. 1975T. P. Whitney tr. Solzhenitsyn's Gulag Archipelago II. iii. i. 14 Soon after that there began the Communist ‘subbotniki’—‘voluntary Saturdays’. 1979Nature 16 Aug. 532/3 The Vietnamese economy is in such an urgent state that 75% of the proceeds of this year's Subbotnik, the Saturday in April when Soviet citizens contribute a day's work for the good of the economy, are to be devoted to Vietnam. |