| 释义 |
discouragement|dɪˈskʌrɪdʒmənt|
[ad. OF. descouragement, descoragement (12th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), mod.F. découragement, f. descoragier, descourager to discourage: cf. encouragement.]
1. The action or fact of discouraging.
1600Hakluyt Voy. III. 131 (R.) To the great discouragement and hinderance of the same marchants and fishermen. a1797H. Walpole Geo. II (1847) I. iv. 89 His severity to and discouragement of that pest of society, Attorneys. 1880C. R. Markham Peruv. Bark xii. 414 From that time there was nothing but discouragement and obstruction. Mod. The discouragement of rash and premature attempts.
2. The fact or state of being discouraged; want of spirit or confidence; depression of spirit with regard to action or effort. (The more usual sense.)
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iii. ii. (1634) 261 The feeling..turneth onely to terrour and discouragement. a1600Hooker Disc. Justif. Wks. 1617 II. 53 That repining discouragement of heart, which tempteth God. 1612Brinsley Lud. Lit. iii. (1627) 20 About which I have taken no small griefe and discouragement. 1844Thirlwall Greece VIII. 157 He represents it as having caused so much discouragement at Sparta, that [etc.]. 1860Froude Hist. Eng. V. 30 [It] showed how great was the discouragement into which the loss of Beton had thrown them. 1878Lecky Eng. in 18th C. II. v. 50 Poverty and discouragement became more general than ever.
3. That which discourages; a disheartening or deterrent influence.
1612Woodall Surg. Mate Pref. Wks. (1653) 9 Notwithstanding all such discouragements..he proceeded on with courage. 1720Swift Mod. Educ., The books read at school and colleges are full of..discouragements from vice. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 319 Their first discouragement was, the country was all open with very little wood. 1868E. Edwards Raleigh I. viii. 123 Strong discouragements which had often chilled the glowing anticipations. |