| 释义 |
submit, v.|səbˈmɪt|
Also 4–6 -mytte, (4 pa. tense -mytte, 5 pa. pple. -mytt), 5 -mett, 5–6 -myt, 5–7 -mitte, 6–7 -mitt.
[ad. L. submittĕre, var. of summittĕre (see summit v.1), f. sub- sub- 2 + mittĕre to send, put; cf. OF. soub-, submetre, later var. of sousmetre (see note under sub- prefix), mod.F. soumettre, and Pr. sob-, sotzmetre, It. sommettere beside sottomettere, Sp. someter, Pg. submetter.]
I.
1. refl. and intr. To place oneself under the control of a person in authority or power; to become subject, surrender oneself, or yield to a person or his rule, etc. †a. Const. under; refl. only. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. ii. pr. v. (Camb. MS.), Syn ye demen þat tho fowlest thinges ben yowre goodys, thanne submitten [v.r. summytten] ye and putten yowre selven vndyr the fowleste thinges by yowre estimacion. 1471Caxton Recuyell (Sommer) 603/22 Sayng that they wold not submytte hem so many noble men vnder the strengthe of one man. 1535Coverdale Gen. xvi. 9 Returne to thy mastresse agayne, and submitte thyself vnder hir hande. 1574tr. Bale's Pag. Popes Ep. Ded. *d iv b, Although they were more in number,..yet woulde submitte them selues vnder their power, as though they were the inferiours. 1601R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. (1603) 109 They were enforced to submitte themselues vnder the protection of the Florentines.
b. Const. to († unto) a person, his government, rule, will, etc.
(a) refl.c1386Chaucer Melib. ⁋854 We submytten vs to the excellence and benignitee of youre gracious lordshipe. 1411Rolls of Parlt. III. 650/1 On whom, and to his ordenance, the forsaid Lord the Roos and Robert hadden submytted hem. 1490Caxton Eneydos xxii. 80 After that this dydo had vtterly submytted & dedicate her-self to eneas. 1526Tindale Eph. v. 22 Wemen submit youre selves vnto youre awne husbandes, as vnto the lorde. 1535Coverdale 1 Chron. xxix [xxx]. 24 All kynge Dauids children submytted themselues vnto kynge Salomon. 1651Hobbes Leviathan ii. xvii. 88 When a man maketh his children, to submit themselves..to his government. 1686tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 149 He did not come and submit himself to him. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede lii, We must submit ourselves entirely to the Divine Will. 1909Oxenham Greatheart Gillian xxvii, Submit yourself quietly to the law.
(b) intr.c1460Sir R. Ros La Belle Dame 234, I am hoole submytt to your seruise. 1608Shakes. Per. ii. iv. 39 Your noble selfe..Wee thus submit vnto. 1652in Cromwellian Union (1902) 4 Several Troops of the Tories that are submitting to the Parliament. 1667Milton P.L. x. 196 To thy Husbands will Thine shall submit. 1745Butler Serm. Wks. 1874 II. 284 Children..are..habituated..to submit to those who are placed over them. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xii. III. 152 After the flight of James, those troops submitted to the Prince of Orange. 1877Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. iii. 34 He despatched a legate..to tell Becket that he must..submit to the king's pleasure.
c. Without const.: To yield, surrender, be submissive.
(a) refl.c1440Partonope 4621 (Univ. Coll. MS.), Myne heede ys naked, and I Submytte me. 1526Tindale Matt. xviii. 4 Whosoever..shall submit him silfe. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 659 [They] came humbly and submitted themselues. 1595Shakes. John ii. i. 159 Submit thee boy. 1638Baker tr. Balzac's Lett. (vol. II.) 13 The persecutors of those who submit themselves.
(b) intr.1575Gascoigne Kenelworth Wks. 1910 II. 93 Even gates and all..submitte and seeke your sheelde. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, iii. iii. 143 What must the King doe now: must he submit? 1667Milton P.L. i. 108 Courage never to submit or yield. 1792J. Almon Anecd. W. Pitt III. xliv. 198 A Prince of the House of Savoy had his property seized by him: the injured Prince would not submit. 1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xviii. 175 ‘Miss Marie’, as Dinah always called her young mistress,..found it easier to submit than contend. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. 164 That the greater part of the shire submitted easily after the fall of the Capital.
2. To surrender oneself to judgement, criticism, correction, a condition, treatment, etc.; to consent to undergo or abide by a condition, etc.
(a) refl.c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (E.E.T.S.) I. 62, I me submytte to alle that schall now heer This symple processe of my translacyoun. c1430Stans Puer ad Mensam 99 (Lamb. MS.), I submitte me to correccioun withoute ony debate. 1471Caxton Recuyell (Sommer) 367/2 That ye submette yow vnto theyr obeyssance. 1565Allen Def. Purg. To Rdr. 6 b, I humbly submit my selfe to the iudgement of suche oure masters in faithe and religion, [etc.]. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 2/2 To submit themselues to bondage. 1594Kyd Cornelia iv. i. 160 Shall we then..Submit vs to vnurged slauerie? 1607Shakes. Cor. iii. iii. 44 If you submit you to the peoples voices. 1617Moryson Itin. I. 122, I submitted my selfe to these conditions. 1621Bacon in Jrnl. Ho. Lords III. 84/2 [I] submit myself wholly to your Piety and Grace. 1629Sc. Acts Chas. I (1870) V. 197 The saids persouns..did submitt thame selffes to ws and ar bound to stand and abyde at our determinatioun. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 919 Submitting to what seemd remediless. 17..White (T.), Christian people submit themselves to conformable observance of the..constitutions of their spiritual rulers. 1819Scott Leg. Montrose viii, ‘May Heaven’, he said,.. ‘judge between our motives’... ‘Amen’, said Montrose; ‘to that tribunal we all submit us’. 1913Times 11 Aug. 3/1 The majority of cases would voluntarily submit themselves to treatment.
(b) intr.1628Feltham Resolves ii. v. 11 A man that submits to reuerent Order. 1686tr. Chardin's Coronat. Solyman 110 To which reasons of his sister the Prince submitted. a1700Evelyn Diary 2 Aug. 1665, That the meanes to obtaine remission of punishment was not to repine at it, but humbly submit to it. 1711Addison Spect. No. 115 ⁋1 Bodily Labour..which a Man submits to for his Livelihood. 1758J. Dalrymple Ess. Feudal Property (ed. 2) 48 Perhaps the nobles more easily submitted to the uncertainty of relief. 1781Cowper Expost. 633 Prove it—if better, I submit and bow. 1802M. Edgeworth Moral T. (1816) I. 212, I must know my crime, before I submit to punishment. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. i. iii. ii, Healing measures..such as..all men must, with more or less reluctance, submit to. 1874Mozley Univ. Serm. ix. (1877) 200 To submit to trials for our own discipline.
transf.1658Sir T. Browne Hydriot. ii. (1736) 21 That Metal soon submitteth unto Rust and Dissolution.
†b. Const. to with inf. or gerund: To yield so far as to do so-and-so, consent to; occas. to condescend to. Obs.
(a) refl.c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 457 Þei submytten hem to be correctid. 1444Cov. Leet Bk. 203 Submittyng themselffe with due submission to abyde the rule of the maiour. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxxxi. 246, I submyt my selfe to receyue suche dethe that ye & youre barons can deuyse. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Gal. vi. 4, 5 If he submitte him selfe to restore him againe.
(b) intr.c1386Chaucer Man of Law's Prol. Introd. 35 Ye been submytted thurgh youre free assent To stonden in this cas at my Iuggement. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 191 This River-dragon tam'd at length submits To let his sojourners depart. 1697C. Leslie Snake in Grass (ed. 2) 224 They, at last, submitted, to have these words left out. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxviii, She submitted to humble herself to Montoni. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) II. 158 Where the mortgagee submits to be redeemed. 1852Thackeray Esmond iii. vii, I..affected gladness when he came, submitted to hear when he was by me.
†3. refl. To subject or expose oneself to danger, etc. Obs.
1471Caxton Recuyell (Sommer) 217/14 Your champion that for your loue submytteth hym self vnto the peryll of deth. a1586Sidney Arcadia iii. xiv. (1912) 435 The dayly dangers Amphialus did submit himselfe into. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. iii. 47, I haue walk'd about the streets, Submitting me vnto the perillous Night.
II.
4. trans. To bring under a certain control, government, or rule; to make subject, cause to yield to a person; to cause (a thing) to be subordinated to another. Now rare.
In the first quot. a literalism of translation.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. pr. iv. (1868) 19 What open confessioun of felonie hadde euer iugis so accordaunt in cruelte þat oþer errour of mans witte or ellys condicioun of fortune þat is vncerteyne to al mortal folk ne submyttede summe of hem? 1422Yonge tr. Secr. Secr. xvii. 146 If þou wilt submyt or vndreset al thyngis to the. c1449Pecock Repr. i. xiv. 73 It miȝte seme that God wolde not..submitte..and sende him [viz. Holy Scripture] to resoun. 1530Palsgr. 355 Whiche dyd submytte a great parte of Grece in their subjection. 1558T. Watson Seven Sacr. 43 b, We submitte our reason to our fayth. 1590C. S. Right Relig. 23 God..hath submitted all things vnder his feete. 1644[H. Parker] Jus Populi 28 Happy is that King which anticipates his subjects in submitting his own titles. 1850Tennyson In Mem. cxiv, Submitting all things to desire. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola xxxii, She was determined never to submit her mind to his judgment on this question.
5. To subject to a certain condition or treatment. Now rare.
c1450Godstow Reg. 507 The said Andrew bounde and submytted the same mese, with the pertynentis..to the distreynyng of the forsaid abbesse. 1490Caxton Eneydos Prol. 4, I submytte my sayd boke to theyr correctyon. 1528More Dyaloge iv. Wks. 273/2 To submytte..the rebellion of theyr reason to the obedyence of faith. 1614Raleigh Hist. World v. iii. §15. 516 To submit learned Propositions, vnto the workemanship..of base handicrafts men. 1668Dryden Dram. Poesy Ess. (ed. Ker) I. 56 Whether we ought not to submit our stage to the exactness of our next neighbours. 1758J. Dalrymple Ess. Feudal Property (ed. 2) 214 That system..submitted its peculiar forms to the dispatch and ease required in the extended..dealings of mankind. 1861M. Pattison Ess. (1889) I. 47 The inmates of the Steelyard were submitted to an almost monastic discipline.
b. To subject to an operation or process.
1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 449 Till Sir H. Davy..submitted the earths to the same powerful means of analysis. 1837Goring & Pritchard Microgr. 211 When submitted to the action of polarized light. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. i. 42 When alcohol is submitted to distillation. 1885Sat. Rev. 21 Feb. 235/2 Preparing their young horses for the wild rush of the hunting-field by submitting them to the milder yet stimulating excitement of coursing.
6. To bring under a person's view, notice, or consideration; to refer to the decision or judgement of a person; to bring up or present for criticism, consideration, or approval.
1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 31 b, To submitte his writynges to the knowledge of the Emperour. 1587Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) III. 478/2 To quhome baith þe saidis pairties referrit and submittit þe foirsaid supplicatioun. 1644Sc. Acts Chas. I (1870) VI. i. 179/2 Baith the saides pairties..Submitted þe foirsaid Complant..before þe secreet Counsell. 1651Hobbes Leviathan i. xv. 78 They that are at controversie, submit their Right to the judgement of an Arbitrator. a1721Prior Prol. Delia's Play 28 Dare to be true, submit the rest to Heaven. 1784Cowper Task iv. 98 It [sc. the globe] turns submitted to my view, turns round With all its generations. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. vi. 113 To prepare the measures which were to be submitted to Parliament by the government. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. xxvii. 384 It is indeed a grand experiment which Nature here submits to our inspection. 189119th Cent. Dec. 855 To submit a copy of his journal to the police before its publication could be sanctioned. 1905Act 5 Edw. VII, c. 17 §5 In order that such proceedings may be submitted for the sanction of Parliament.
with clause.
1749Fielding Tom Jones Ded., How far I have succeeded..I shall submit to the candid reader.
b. Without const.; in Sc. Law, to refer to arbitration.
1799J. Robertson Agric. Perth 374 An account of the quantity of corn shipped at this port..is submitted as deserving notice. 1838W. Bell Dict. Law Scot. s.v. Arbitration, An order on the parties..mutually to discharge each other of the matter submitted. 1855Bain Senses & Int. iii. i. §38 (1864) 378 On this question the following remarks are submitted. 1879Tourgee Fool's Err. xxv. 150 The conventions had..submitted constitutions which had been ratified by vote of the people. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. xvi. I. 226 The officials of the government cannot submit bills.
c. absol. or intr.; in Sc. Law, to make a ‘submission’.
1765–8Erskine Inst. Law Scot. iv. iii. §35 Decrees⁓arbitral, as their force arises from the express compact of the parties submitting..could not be set aside. 1897Daily News 4 Mar. 6/4 The latest Saturday outsiders may ‘submit’ will be the Saturday in next week.
7. To put forward as a contention or proposition; to urge or represent with deference (that{ddd}). Now freq. in legal parlance.
1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) III. 226 He humbly presumed to submit to His Majesty, that, before any act was done [etc.]. 1863Mitchell Sev. Stor. My Farm 243 We submit that it looks a little yellow. 1875E. White Life in Christ iv. xxiv. (1878) 361 There is, I submit, no possibility of escape from the force of this argument. 1907Standard 19 Jan. 4/4 Counsel, in concluding his speech, submitted that the plaintiff was entitled to recover damages.
III. 8. trans. To let or lay down, lower, sink, lay low; to place (one's neck) under the yoke or the axe. to submit the fasces (see fasces 2). ? Obs.
c1611Chapman Iliad xiii. 384 His shrunke knees, submitted him to death. Ibid. xx. 295 My lance, submitted [ἔγχος µὲν τόδε κεῖται ἐπὶ χθονός]. a1634Randolph Poems (1638) 82 Rome did submit her Fasces. 1667Milton P.L. v. 784 Will ye submit your necks, and chuse to bend The supple knee? 1725Pope Odyss. xi. 205 Since in the dust proud Troy submits her tow'rs. 1757[see neck n.1 3 b]. 1807R. Wilson in Life (1862) II. 145, I will now submit my head to the block if [etc.]
†b. To put (the female) to the male. Obs.
1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 104 Submit thy Females to the lusty Sire.
†c. refl. To become low or lower. Obs.
1662Dryden To Ld. Chanc. 139 Sometimes the Hill submits itself a while In small Descents.
†d. To lower the standard of. Obs.
1556R. Robinson tr. More's Utopia To Rdr. A ij b, To the meanesse of whose learninge I thoughte it my part to submit..my stile. |