| 释义 |
substantially, adv.|səbˈstænʃəlɪ|
[f. as prec. + -ly2.]
1. In substance; in one's or its substantial nature or existence; as a substantial thing or being.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xi. i. (1495) 381 Ayere is a symple element substancyaly moyste and hote. 14..tr. Honorius August. Elucid. (1909) 3 Þouȝ he [God] be ouer al wiþ his myght, he is substancialy in þe vndirstonding heuene. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 82 Ye al thre In personys distynct substancially Arn but oo god in trinite. 1564T. Dorman Proufe cert. Art. Relig. 83 b, Christes fleshe and bloud..is present..in humain substance, therefore substantially. 1577tr. Bullinger's Decades (1592) 766 [The soul] doth not die with the bodie..bicause it liueth substantially. 1635Jackson Creed viii. i. 6 Being first made substantially man, that hee might be for a time essentially and formally a servant. 1635E. Pagitt Christianogr. i. iii. (1636) 137 The holy Ghost proceedeth from the Father by the Sonne, eternally, and substantially. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 140 The Son of God was seen Most glorious, in him all his Father shon Substantially express'd. 1678Gale Crt. Gentiles iv. iii. 9 By actions modally evil, they generally understand such as are substantially good, yet have some modal accidental vitiositie. 1768Tucker Lt. Nat. I. i. i. 19 That which discerns is numerically and substantially distinct from that which is discerned. 1824Scott St. Ronan's xxi, You have the said Willie corporally and substantially in presence before you. 1849Rock Ch. Fathers I. i. 15 That the Mass is a sacrifice in which the Body and Blood of Christ are truly and substantially present.
b. Essentially, intrinsically.
1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. Pref. §32 That which substantially distinguishes Man from Man, or an Angel from an Angel. a1688Cudworth Immut. Mor. (1731) 65 Tho' this Old Atomical Philosophy be most solidly and substantially true. 1842H. Rogers Introd. Burke's Wks. 48 An..exaggerated representation of what was substantially important truth.
c. Actually, really.
1802Wordsw. Misc. Sonn. ii. xi, There [in the glowing west] stood Indian citadel, Temple of Greece, and minster with its tower Substantially expressed. 1805A. Knox Rem. (1834) I. 16 In no human being, surely, was every possible part of this picture so substantially realised.
†2. In a sound or solid manner; on a firm or solid basis; effectively, thoroughly, properly, soundly.
a. qualifying verbs.
Freq. in the 16th and 17th c. in a large variety of contexts.
1505Facsimiles Nat. MSS. i. 101 Whiche picture they shall substantially note and marke in every poincte soo that it agree in likenesse to the veray visage of the said Quene. a1513Fabyan Chron. vi. cxlv. (1811) 132 Charlis hauynge thus the rule & gouernaunce, rulyd it well & substancially. 1521Fisher Serm. agst. Luther Wks. (1876) 327 Our souerayne lorde..hath with his pen so substauncyally foghten agaynst Martyn luther. 1523in Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. Var. Coll. IV. 213 To serve the Citie substantially unto Mighelmasse with candell after 1d. the li. a1533Frith Disput. Purgat. (1829) 107, I pray you see how substantially he answereth the argument. 1573Art of Limming 3 Laye on thy syse somewhat substancially. 1574in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. iii. 155 Yt was substancyally provyd..that he had verye..dysceytfully..behauyd him selfe. 1598Barret Theor. Warres ii. i. 26 To see that the moneys collected..be substantially and throughly bestowed in pikes. c1610Sir J. Melvil Mem. (1735) 335 They durst not yet take such a hazardous Course, till they might lay their Plots more substantially. 1668R. Steele Husbandm. Call. iii. (1672) 22 The poor prophet that had substantially warned others from the devil, could not escape himself. 1670Milton Hist. Eng. iii. Wks. 1851 V. 99 To know..what good laws are wanting, and how to frame them substantially. 1687T. Brown Saints in Uproar Wks. 1730 I. 74 I'll substantially thrash your jacket for you. 1696R. Barclay (title) Baptism and the Lord's Supper; substantially asserted.
b. qualifying adjs. and advs.
c1449Pecock Repr. i. xvi. 85 Substanciali leerned clerkis in logik. 1540–1Elyot Image Gov. 28 Lawiers substancially learned. 1583Golding Calvin on Deut. 53 Surely hee were substantially well armed. a1694Tillotson Serm. Wks. (1714) 67 Substantially Religious towards God. 1711Vindic. Sacheverell 82 It seems he got substantially drunk.
3. Of the construction of buildings, manufacture of fabrics, etc.: Solidly, strongly.
1463Bury Wills (Camden) 19 To make..alle thing sewr that longith therto, and substancyally wrought to endure. 1517R. Torkington Pilgr. (1884) 6 It ys a good Cite, And..substancially Edifyed. 1523Act 14 & 15 Hen. VIII, c. 3 Worstedes..truely and substancially made and wrought. 1665Sir B. G. D'Ouvilly Brief Disc. 18 These are substantially, strongly, and curiosly made Casements. 1702Lond. Gaz. No. 3789/4 A Yacht..well, substantially, and lately built. 1845Stocqueler Handbk. Brit. India (1854) 393 The wall, substantially built of burnt brick. 1846Guide Archit. Antiq. 76 The Register..being substantially bound in Russia. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 1/1 A..lathe..well and substantially made.
4. In all essential characters or features; in regard to everything material; in essentials; to all intents and purposes; in the main.
1781Cowper Hope 398 For aught I see, Your faith and mine substantially agree. 1800J. Foster in Life & Corr. (1846) I. 135 They substantially agree with me. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xix. IV. 287 It is..reasonable to believe that his narrative is substantially true. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 134 Demands..which, though taking many forms, resolved themselves substantially into one. 1865Mozley Miracles i. 7 Extraordinary Divine agency partakes substantially of a miraculous character. 1875Whitney Life Lang. xii. 240 It has maintained its own institutions..substantially unchanged from the very dawn of the historic period. 1881Westcott & Hort Grk. N.T. Introd. §17 Texts substantially free from the later corruptions.
†5. With substantial or ample comfort. Obs.
1663Pepys Diary 18 May, By seeing how much better and more substantially I live than others do. 1809N. Pinkney Trav. France 21 They seemed..to live very comfortably, not to say substantially. |