| 释义 |
‖ succedaneum|sʌksɪˈdeɪnɪəm|
(Also 8–9 erron. succeedaneum.) Pl. -ea, -eums.
[mod.L., neut. sing. of L. succēdāneus succedaneous.]
1. A thing which (rarely, a person who) replaces or serves in the place of another; a substitute.
1662Petty Taxes 82 Almost all commodities haue their substitutes or succedanea. 1679J. Goodman Penit. Pard. ii. ii. (1713) 182 Others..will part with a sin without a succedaneum, or entertaining any other in its room. a1734North Examen iii. viii. §63 (1740) 632 Where Reason and Justice is wanted, a Face of Assurance is the Succedaneum. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1824) I. xv. 103 A kind of succedaneum which has been lately conceived to answer the purpose of fresh water. 1774H. Walpole Lett. (1857) VI. 124 In lieu of me, you will have a charming succedaneum, Lady Harriet Stanhope. 1844Stephens Bk. Farm II. 193 But independent of all succedanea, which may be given to horses at times as a treat,..there should be a regular feed prepared for farm-horses. 1860Kingsley Limits Exact Sci. 17 They are..apt..to patch them where they are weakest, by that most dangerous succedaneum of vague and grand epithets. 1911J. A. MacCulloch Relig. Anc. Celts ix. 162 As kings were represented by a substitute, so the sacred tree..may also have had its succedaneum.
b. Const. for.
1662H. Stubbe Indian Nectar iii. 56 It is impossible to provide any succedanea, or substitutes for these kind of Commodities. 1699Phil. Trans. XXI. 311 How the Arabians fell first into the use of Coffee is hard to tell, perhaps 'twas their Succedaneum for Wine. 1772–84Cook's Voy. (1790) V. 1620 Green plantains are an excellent succedaneum for bread. 1806A. Hunter Culina (ed. 3) 227 A Succedaneum for green Pease in Winter. 1834Pringle Afr. Sk. iii. 165 A pan of live charcoal or embers from our wooden fires was the usual succedaneum for a blazing hearth. 1848Dickens Dombey xxiii, A pair of dreadnought pilot⁓trousers, whereof the waistband was so very broad and high, that it became a succedaneum for a waistcoat. 1891‘Roy Tellet’ Draught of Lethe II. 225 If you cannot afford a conscience, the best succedaneum for it is a keen sense of professional propriety.
†c. Const. to.
1667Phil. Trans. II. 516 The continual motion of their Gills, a Succedaneum to Lungs. 1733Tull Horse-hoeing Husb. vii. 56 This is but an Imitation of the Hand-Hoe, or a Succedaneum to it. 1755H. Walpole Lett. (1857) II. 477 He has contracted for a succedaneum to the Mingotti. 1802–12Bentham Ration. Judic. Evid. (1827) III. 143 Self-inculpative discourse..can never be an adequate succedaneum to judicial confession.
d. Const. of. (rare.)
1651French Distill. vi. 183 This Oil may be the Succedaneum of true gold. 1791W. Gilpin Forest Scenery I. 81 The most beautiful succedaneum of the stone-pine, which these climates afford is the pinaster. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. i. ii. i, Paper; which in many ways is the succedaneum of Gold.
2. Med. A drug, frequently of inferior efficacy, substituted for another.
c1643Ld. Herbert Autobiog. (1824) 45 It being the manner of Apothecaries so frequently to put in the Succedanea that no man is sure to find with them Medicines made with the true drugs. a1661Fuller Worthies, Brecknockshire (1662) iv. 21 Physicians have their Succedanea, or Seconds, which well supply the place of such Simples, which the Patient cannot procure. 1748Smollett Rod. Rand. xix, The most expert man at a succedaneum, of any apothecary in London. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) IV. 461 In such cases, we must find out, by trial, what is its best succedaneum. 1866A. Flint Princ. Med. ii. i. xi. 258 For this end the succedanea of opium, viz., conium, belladonna, and hydrocyanic acid may be prescribed.
†3. Misused for: A remedy, cure. Obs.
1737Ld. Chesterfield in Gentl. Mag. VII. 498 Their Case is certainly above Comfort, and, I own, I am at a Loss what to recommend to 'em. Succedaneums there are none, I shall only endeavour to suggest Lenitives. 1785H. Walpole Let. to Mann 24 June, Italian summers are a good succedaneum, and, I hope, will be more efficacious than our north-easterly winds. 1789J. Williams Min. Kingd. I. 179, I am politician enough to be able to suggest the proper remedy or succedaneum for all these difficulties. |