| 释义 |
▪ I. suds, n. pl.|sʌdz|
Forms: 6 sudes, 6–7 suddes, 7–8 sudds, 6– suds. Also sing. sud (7 sudd).
[Of uncertain etymology.
With the existing evidence it is difficult to establish the chronology of the senses. Sense 2 is perhaps the original: in which case the immediate source may be MLG., MDu. sudde (WFris. sodde), or MDu. sudse, in Kilian zudse (WFris. sodze) marsh, bog.]
†1. Dregs, leavings; hence, filth, muck. Also fig. or in fig. context. Obs.
1548Udall Erasm. Par. Pref. 2 b, He had so infected the clere fountaine of Goddes woorde with the suddes of humain tradicions. 1563Mirr. Mag., Rivers iv, Oft causyng good to be reported yll, Or dround in suddes of Lethes muddy swyll. 1576Turberv. Venerie xxxv. 93 Perchance the fight..Amasde your mynde, and for a whyle did draw Your noble eyes, to settle on such suddes. 1581Lanc. & Cheshire Wills (Chetham Soc.) II. 3, I geue and bequeath vnto James hamer my sone all the dust and sudes towardes the keepinge of a swine. 1594Manch. Crt. Leet Rec. (1885) II. 90 That Roberte Marshall shall not cast any suddes or bludye water one..his backside. 1596Norden Progr. Pietie (1847) 178 The dangerous estate of thy church, which is much pestered and infected with the suds of error. 1609J. Davies Hum. Heaven on Earth clix. Wks. (Grosart) I. 21/1 Swimming in Suddes of all sordiditie. 1622Donne Serm. John i. 8 (1649) II. 344 Those that lye in the suddes of nature. c1645Howell Lett. ii. iii, The base Suds which Vice useth to leave behind it.
†2. Flood-water; the water of the fens; water mixed with drift-sand and mud; drift-sand left by a flood. Also transf. (quot. 1599). Obs.
The authors here quoted belong to E. Anglia.
1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe Wks. 1905 III. 196 Leander..when hee sprawled through the brackish suddes to scale her [sc. Hero's] tower. 1621Quarles Esther Wks. (Grosart) II. 63/2 [God's] lesser breath..can drowne The spacious Vniuerse in suds of Clay. 1629H. C. Disc. conc. Drayning Fennes B, To be surrounded, or to lye in the suds, as we say, three quarters or halfe a yeere..doth mischiefe..the ground. 1635Quarles Embl. iv. i. Wks. (Grosart) III. 79/1 Thus am I driven upon these slipp'ry suds,..My life's a troubled sea, compos'd of Ebs and Flouds. 1851T. Sternberg Dial. Northants. 109 Suds, floods. Water mixed with sand and mud; formerly applied to the water of the fens.
3. a. Water impregnated with soap for washing, esp. when hot. b. The frothy mass which collects on the top of soapy water in which things are washed; in early use esp. a barber's lather. (More fully soap-suds.) Also in fig. and allusive use (cf. sense 5).
1581G. Pettie tr. Guazzo's Civ. Conv. (1586) i. 41 b, Hee which washeth his mouth with his owne praise, soyleth him⁓selfe with the suddes that come of it. 1593G. Harvey New Letter Wks. (Grosart) I. 281, I haue some suddes of my mother witt, to sowse such a Dish clowte in. 1594Plat Jewell-ho. i. 34 Maister Barnabe Googe will haue all the suddes of his landery conueied thereon. 1596Nashe Saffron Walden 16 Thou that has made so manie men winke whyles thou cast suds in their eyes. 1606Dekker Seuen Deadly Sinnes Wks. (Grosart) II. 62 Barbers..throwing all their Suddes out of their learned Latin Basons into my face. 1606Marston Fawne iv. i, Alas my miserable maister, what suds art thou washt into? 1611–[see soap-suds]. 1612Webster White Devil v. iii, She simpers like the suds A collier hath been wash'd in. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 98/2 Beating the Soap and Water together, to make it rise to a Froth, which they [sc. Laundresses] call Suds. 1749Fielding Tom Jones viii. iv, The shaver was very tedious in preparing his suds. a1756E. Haywood New Present (1771) 268 Let them be washed in strong clear suds. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. xxix, He lathered him bountifully. Mr. Bailey smiled through the suds. 1873Browning Red Cotton Night-Cap Country 1576 The brilliant bubble burst in suds! 1887Meredith Young Reynard i. Poet. Wks. (1912) 286 Light as a bubble that flies from the tub, Whisked by the laundry-wife out of her suds. a1893W. Burns Thomson Remin. (1895) 33 She stroked the suds off her hands and arms.
c. sing. A soap solution.
1835Ure Philos. Manuf. 129 It [sc. the grease of the fleece] serves to facilitate the scouring of wool by means of water alone, with which it forms a kind of sud or emulsion. 1884W. S. B. McLaren Spinning (ed. 2) 32 A moderately good washing in a warm sud, with a neutral soap.
4. a. Foam, froth. Also sing.
1592Greene Upst. Courtier D iv b, They lookte like foure blowne bladders..washt ouer with the suds of an old stale die. 1607Middleton Fam. Love iii. ii, Like the suds of an ale-fat or a washing-bowl. 1906F. S. Oliver Alex. Hamilton iv. ii. 279 Opinions which never at any point touched a firm bottom, but merely swam like a kind of ‘sud’ upon the stream of expediency. 1913J. G. Frazer Golden Bough, Balder II. 231 While one medicine-man whirls a bull-roarer, another whips up a mixture of water and meal into frothy suds symbolic of clouds.
b. Whaling. The foam churned up by a wounded whale.
1850Scoresby Cheever's Whalem. Adv. xii. (1858) 164 Let us be up among the suds.
c. slang (orig. and chiefly U.S.) Beer.
1904G. V. Hobart I'm from Missouri iii. 52 Who..hoists a few dippers of suds?.. Dad! 1907Daily Chron. 16 May 6/7 A ‘tub of suds,’ the name for a glass of low quality beer. 1924Truth (Sydney) 27 Apr. 6 Suds, beer. 1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 273 Suds, ale. 1926Flynn's 16 Jan. 638/2 The boozeclerk give us th' high sign he had doped th' suds or skat. 1931‘D. Stiff’ Milk & Honey Route 177 Fill up on ‘suds’ for a dime. 1943C. L. Sonnichsen Roy Bean 171 The bear..was still consuming his free bottle of suds. 1962Radio Times 17 May 43 Let's split to your pad for some suds. 1975Globe & Mail (Toronto) 8 Feb. 1/2 Before then, Labatt had only a marginal share of the suds market in Quebec. 1977Mod. Boating (Austral.) Jan. 30/1 The figure propped half-standing on a bar stool, with his face in a glass of suds. 1979Tucson (Arizona) Mag. Sept. 60/3 Sip suds out of glass jars while you wait.
5. in the suds († in suds, in the sud): chiefly in to lie or be in the suds; to lay, leave in the suds.
a. In difficulties, in embarrassment or perplexity. Obs. or slang.
c1572Gascoigne Posies, Fruites Warre Wks. 1907 I. 161 He..sought with victuall to supplie, Poore Myddleburgh which then in suddes did lie. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 426 Whilest Scodra thus lay in the suds. 1617in Crt. & Times Jas. I (1848) I. 468 The Lord Coke is left in the suds. 1653H. More Conject. Cabbal. (1713) 230 After the hurry of his inordinate pleasures and passion, when he was for a time left in the suds, as they call it. 1730Swift Death & Daphne Misc. 1735 V. 109 Away the frighted Spectre scuds And leaves my Lady in the Suds. 1775S. J. Pratt Liberal Opin. cxxxiv. (1783) IV. 216 This proves, logicè, that you are in the suds; which is, Anglicè, being interpreted, that you will be hanged. a1800Jolly Beggar xii. in Child Ballads V. 114/2 When that some have got their wills They'l leave you in the suds. 1816U. Brown Jrnl. 28 Sept. in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1916) XI. 234 We both in the sudds pretty much. Ibid. 29 Sept. 235 Thinking that I was not out of the sudds yet. 1887R. T. Cooke Happy Dodd xxvii. 295, I shan't leave Mis' Payson in the suds.
†b. Undone; done for; in disgrace. Similarly, into the suds. Obs.
1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xxiv. 222 The glory of the Spaniards laid in the suds. 1613Fletcher, etc. Captain iii. vi, I'le fuddle him Or lye 'ith sudd [2nd Fol. suds]. 1631[Mabbe] Celestina xxi. 197 Our solace is in the suds! our joy is turn'd into annoy! 1632Massinger Maid of Hon. i. ii, Look not with too much contemplation on me; If you do, you are in the suds. 1633Rowley Match at Midnight v. i, There's one Iaruis, a rope on him has juggled me into the sudds too.
c. In the sulks; in the blues. dial.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Vilain, Being in the suds, or sullens. 1631R. H. Arraignm. Whole Creature xvi. 280 So long he is sicke in the suds, and diseas'd in the sullens. 1807R. Anderson Cumbld. Ball. 139 Some lasses thought lang to the weddin—Unax'd, others sat i' the suds. 1840Lady C. Bury Hist. of Flirt xxv, Mary does not look very well, and you are in the suds.
†d. In an unfinished state or condition. Obs.
a1592Greene Orpharion Wks. (Grosart) XII. 7 It hath line this twelve months in the suds. Now at last it is crept forth in the Spring. 1615–20C. More Sir T. More (c 1627) 242 Some [actions-at-law] lye in the suddes by the space of diuerse yeares. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iv. xvi. 319 Who so trimly dispatch'd his businesse, that he left it in the suddes.
e. † (a) Being lathered. Obs. (b) Being washed, ‘in the wash’.
c1626Dick of Devon ii. i. in Bullen O. Pl. (1883) II. 29 We may hap to be in the suddes ourselves. c1640[Shirley] Capt. Underwit i. Ibid. 327, I thought you by the wide lynnen about your neck have been under correction in the suds, sir. 1766Smollett Trav. v. Wks. (1841) 699/1 Captain B―,..with the napkin under his chin, was no bad representation of Sancho Panza in the suds. 1788Times 1 Jan., Though his Lordship has been so long in the suds, it is not thought that shaving will take place till the day of Judgment. 1863Mrs. Gaskell Sylvia's L. xvii, Thy best shirt is in t' suds, and no time for t' starch and iron it.
† f. Slightly intoxicated, fuddled. Obs.
1770Gentl. Mag. XL. 559 He is said to be..a little in the suds.
6. attrib. and Comb.: sud-dish, a barber's soap-dish; † suds-monger contemptuous, a barber; suds-tub, a washing-tub.
1892Pall Mall Gaz. 16 Feb. 3/1 His shop..is still to be seen with..its emblematic *sud-dish hanging in front.
1638Ford Fancies i. ii, A dry shaver, a copper-bason'd *suds-monger.
1805Spirit Publ. Jrnls. IX. 113 Poor Mungo came out of the *suds tub no whiter than when soused in!
▪ II. suds, v.|sʌdz|
[f. the n.]
1. trans. To lather; to cover with soap-suds, or wash in soapy water.
1834‘C. Packard’ Recoll. Housekeeper 12 Ma'am Bridge was sudsing the clothes in a tub before her. 1939N. S. Colby Remembering ii. 62 She dipped my hair in a basin of hot water, sudsed it, rinsed it, and dried it with a towel. 1976S. Wales Echo 27 Nov. 6/3 (Advt.), Rub-a-Dub Doll. Soap her and suds her. See how much fun a bath can be. 1981P. Theroux Mosquito Coast xv. 185 The..splash of our foot-operated wheel sounded like a washing machine sudsing clothes.
2. intr. To form suds. U.S.
1893M. A. Owen Voodoo Tales 5 An impertinent housewife had dared to affirm that her soap wouldn't ‘suds’. 1972Fortune Jan. 73/1 Detergent foam first became a matter of national concern in the early 1960's, when Representative Henry S. Reuss of Wisconsin, among others, pointed out that detergents were persisting, and sometimes sudsing, in the environment.
So ˈsudsing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1844‘J. Slick’ High Life N.Y. II. 20 I'd gin myself a good sudsing in the wash hand basin. 1879Scribner's Monthly Oct. 940/2 As soon as they begin to boil, remove them to the ‘sudsing’-water. 1881S. P. McLean Cape Cod Folks 167 A good poundin', and boilin', and sudzin', you need. 1957T. Sturgeon in D. Knight 100 Yrs. Sci. Fiction (1969) 134 Slim heard more water running and sudsing noises, and, by ear, followed the operation through a soaping and two rinses. 1971New Yorker 6 Nov. 5 (Advt.), This rich, sudsing, mentholated cleanser was developed by dermatologists. 1978Nature 6 Apr. p. xxvii/2 The concentrated detergent powder dissolves quickly to provide fast action, minimal sudsing, and free rinsing. |