| 释义 |
† diˈstemperance Obs.
[a. OF. destemprance, -trempance intemperance (13th c. in Godef.) = med.L. distemperāntia (Du Cange), f. dis-, dis- 4 + L. temperāntia temperance.]
1. gen. Improper proportioning or mingling (of elements).
1340Ayenb. 153 Ase to þe bodye of man comeþ alle eueles uor þe destempringe of þise uour qualities oþer of þise uour humours: alzuo of þe herte of þe manne comeþ alle þe uices and alle þe zennes be þe distemperance of þise þeawes.
2. Of the air, climate, weather: Intemperateness, inclemency; = distemperature 1.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iii. pr. xi. 97–8 Þat þe vttereste bark [of trees] is put ayenis the destempraunce of þe heuene, as a defendowr. c1430Life St. Kath. (1884) 60 Tempest and alle distemperance of weder. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 336 And this yere fell great dystemperaunce of wethyr. 1558Abp. Parker Corr. (1852) 52, I would wish ye were not much stirring abroad in the distemperance of the air. 1579Fenton Guicciard. ix. (1599) 382 It was hard for him to remaine there, both for the want of victuals, and distemperance of the time, winter approching.
3. Disturbance of ‘humour’, temper, or mind; = distemper n.1 3.
1574Hellowes Gueuara's Fam. Ep. 161 For any distemperaunce that may greeue you, or maye happen to anger you. 1602Daniel Musophilus cii, If..this nice wit, or that distemperance, Neglect, distaste, uncomprehend, disdain.
4. Distempered condition (of the ‘humours’, etc.); bodily or mental disorder, ailment.
1529More Comf. agst. Trib. ii. Wks. 1196/2 The dystemperance of either other, engendreth some tyme the distemperance of both twayne [soul and body]. 1573Abp. Parker in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. II. 268 My oft distemperance and infirmitie of bodye. 1576Newton Lemnie's Complex. (1633) 128 When moisture is all wasted, a man falleth into a cold and dry distemperance, and finally thereby brought to his death. 1620Venner Via Recta vii. 114 Stomacks..subiect to vomiting through the distemperance of choler.
5. Lack or absence of moderation; excess, intemperateness; spec. excess in drinking or other indulgence, intemperance.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iv. pr. ii. 116 Certis so doþ distemperaunce to feble men, þat ne mowen nat wrastle aȝeins þe vices. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. xxviii. (1495) 139 The hondes ben drye by distemperaunce of heete and excesse that wastyth the moysture. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xlv. 18 To lufe in sic distemperance. 1547Boorde Brev. Health ii. 26 All is thorowe distemperaunce of the bodye vsed the day before. 1576Newton Lemnie's Complex. (1633) 178 Superfluity and distemperance of drinke. 1589Cogan Haven Health cii. (1636) 100 The stomack is weake by distemperance of heat. |