| 释义 |
▪ I. sun, n.1|sʌn|
Forms: 1–7 sunne, (1 sunna), 3–7 sonne, 4–5 (6 Sc.) sune, 4–7 sone (chiefly Sc.), sunn, 5–6 son, (3 seonne, 4 sonn, Kentish zonne, Sc. sowne, swn, 5 soen, swne, Sc. soune, 6 Sc. soun), 4– sun. β. Sc. 4 sene, 6 syn, 7–8 sin, 8 sinn.
[Com. Teut. wk. fem.: OE. sunne = OFris. sunne, sonne (WFris. sinne, dial. sonne, son, NFris. sen), OS. sunna (MLG., LG. sunne), MDu. zonne (Du. zon), OHG. sunnô (MHG. sunne, sun, MG. sonne, son, G. sonne), ON. sunna (poet.), Goth. sunnô; also wk. masc. OE. sunna, = OFris. sonna, OS. sunno, OHG. sunna, Goth. sunna:—OTeut. *sunnōn-, -on-, f. sun-, s(u)wen-, whence also Zend (gen.) χυə̄ng sun, Gr. ἦν-οψ glittering, OIr. fur-sunnud lighting-up.
From the same root sau- (sū̆-) with l- instead of n-formative, sāw(e)l-, s(u)wel- (sūl-), are Skr. súar (svàr), sū́ra, sū́rya sun, Zend hvarə (gen. hūrō), Gr. ἥλιος, ἠέλιος, Doric ᾱ̓έλιος, Cretan ᾱ̓βέλιος, Alb. üλ star, L. sōl sun, W. haul, Ir. súil eye, Lith. sáulė, Goth. sauil, ON. sól.]
I.
1. a. The brightest (as seen from the earth) of the heavenly bodies, the luminary or orb of day; the central body of the solar system, around which the earth and other planets revolve, being kept in their orbits by its attraction and supplied with light and heat by its radiation; in the Ptolemaic system reckoned as a planet, in modern astronomy as one of the stars.
The ordinary language as to the sun's course, its rising and setting, etc., is based upon the old view of the sun as a body moving through the zodiac, rising above, passing across the heavens, and sinking below the horizon, etc.
Beowulf 606 Sunne sweᵹlwered suþan scineð. c888ælfred Boeth. ix, Ðonne seo sunne on hadrum heofone beorhtost scineð, þonne aðeostriaþ ealle steorran. 971Blickl. Hom. 51 Þære sunnan hæto. a1000Riddles lxvii. 3 (Gr.) Leohtre þonne mona, swiftre þonne sunne. c1000ælfric Gen. xxxii. 31 And sona eode sunna upp. c1200Ormin 7273 æst, tær þe sunne riseþþ. Ibid. 9400 Þe sunness brihhte leome. c1205Lay. 27805 ær þe sunne eode to grunde. a1300Cursor M. 291 In þe sune þat schines clere Es a thing and thre thinges sere; A bodi rond, and hete and light. Ibid. 388 Þe ferth [day]..Bath ware made sun and mon. 1340Ayenb. 27 Þe briȝtnesse of þe zonne. 1390Gower Conf. III. 313 The Sonne arist, the weder cliereth. c1420in Rel. Ant. I. 232 C. Wherefore is the son rede at even? M. For he gothe toward hell. 1526Tindale Eph. iv. 26 Lett nott the sonne goo doune apon youre wrathe. a1569A. Kingsmill Confl. Satan (1578) 14 Gods words remaine beyond the days of the Sunne. 1570Satir. Poems Reform. xv. 7 Ȝe Mariguildis, forbid the sune To oppin ȝow euerie morrow! 1634Milton Comus 374 Though Sun and Moon Were in the flat Sea sunk. 1785Burns 3rd Ep. to J. Lapraik ix, Now the sinn keeks in the west. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm I. 292 When the sun rises red, wind and rain may be expected during the day. 1873Dawson Earth & Man i. 9 The sun is..an incandescent globe surrounded by an immense luminous envelope of vapours.
b. In conformity with the gender of OE. sunne, the feminine pronoun was used until the 16th c. in referring to the sun; since then the masculine has been commonly used, without necessarily implying personification; the neuter is somewhat less frequent.
a900O.E. Martyrol. 21 Mar., On domes dæᵹe..þonne scineð seo sunne seofon siðum beorhtor þonne heo nu do. c1275Passion our Lord 479 in O.E. Misc., Þe sonne bileuede hire lyht. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B xviii. 243 How þe sonne gan louke her liȝte in her-self, Whan she seye hym suffre þat sonne & se made. 1535Coverdale Isa. xxxviii. 8 So the Sonne turned ten degrees bacward, the which he was descended afore. 1552Bp. Latimer Serm. St. Stephen's Day Serm. (1584) 276 Not that the sunne it selfe of her [ed. 1607 his] substance shalbe darckened. 1590Shakes. Com. Err. ii. ii. 30 When the sunne shines, let foolish gnats make sport, But creepe in crannies, when he hides his beames. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacræ iii. i. §17 How much bigger the Sun may bee then hee seems. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 247 For yet the Sun Was not; shee in a cloudie Tabernacle Sojourn'd the while. 1727–46Thomson Summer 432 'Tis raging noon; and, vertical, the Sun Darts on the head direct his forceful rays. 1798Coleridge Anc. Mar. i. vii, The Sun came up upon the left, Out of the sea came he! 1845De Quincey Dau. Lebanon Wks. 1856 V. 280 Up rose the sun on the thirtieth morning in all his pomp.
c. As an object of worship in various religions, and thus (and hence generally) personified as a male being, sometimes identified with various gods, esp. Apollo (cf. sun-god); also in classical mythology said to be drawn in a chariot.
c1205Lay. 13934 Saturnus heo ȝiuen sætterdæi, þene Sunne heo ȝiuen sonedæi. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints vi. (Thomas) 605 Gere hym mak som offeringe til oure gret god, þe sene. c1560A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) ii. 81 Thir vowis maid to syn and mone. 1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe 45 The sunne was so in his mumps vppon it, that it was almost noone before hee could goe to cart that day. 1610Heywood Gold. Age i. i, I plac'd diuine Apollo Within the Sunnes bright Chariot. 1632E. Blount Lyly's Sixe Crt. Com. Ep. Ded., This Poet, sat at the Sunnes Table: Apollo gaue him a wreath of his owne Bayes. 1634Milton Comus 51 Who knows not Circe The daughter of the Sun? 1674S. Vincent Young Gall. Acad. 26 Till the Suns Car-horses stand prancing on the very top of highest Noon. 1727Gay Fables i. xxviii, Parent of light, all-seeing Sun. 1781Cowper Conversat. 67 A Persian, humble servant of the sun. 1868Tennyson Lucretius 124 Another of our Gods, the Sun, Apollo, Delius, or of older use All-seeing Hyperion. 1887A. Lang Myth, etc. (1899) I. 125 In Samoa the sun had a child by a Samoan woman.
d. As a type of brightness or clearness.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xvii. 2 Resplenduit facies eius sicut sol, eft-ᵹescean onsione his suæ sunna. a1225Leg. Kath. 1681 Seouen siðes brihtre þen beo þe sunne. a1300Cursor M. 17866 Briȝter þenne þe sonnes beme. Ibid. 24648 Bird o blis, na sun sa bright. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxv. (Julian) 446 Fere mare clere þane is þe sowne in myd⁓ȝere. 141226 Pol. Poems 49 Now are þey fayre angels pere, As shynyng sune in goddis syȝt. 1582Allen Martyrdom Campion (1908) 19 As every of the rest..did..prove and declare as cleare as the sunne. 1644Jessop Angel of Ephesus 32 It is as cleare as the Sunne,..that a Bishop and a Presbyter are..the same. 1859Tennyson Marr. Geraint 231, I..Will clothe her for her bridals like the sun.
e. Phrases and proverbial expressions. (a) under (or beneath) the sun, † under sun: on earth, in the world. (b) (as{ddd}) as the sun shines on: = as lives or exists; used in commendatory phrases. (c) to get the sun of: (in fighting) to get on the sunward side of (an enemy) so that the sun shines into his eyes. (d) on which the sun never sets: an expression applied in the 17th c. to the Spanish dominions, later to the British Empire. (e) to make the sun shine through: to make a hole in, ‘let daylight into’; so to let the sun shine through (one), to get wounded. (f) with the sun: in the direction of the sun's apparent diurnal movement in the northern hemisphere, i.e. from left to right; similarly against the sun (= withershins). Chiefly Naut. (g) to take the sun: to make an observation of the meridian altitude of the sun; also to shoot the sun (see shoot v. 32 c). (h) the sun is over the foreyard (Naut.): it is noon (the time at which the first drink of the day is taken). (i) Proverbial or allusive phrases (see quots.).
to hold (etc.) a candle to the sun: see candle n. 5 h. crown of the sun: see crown n. 8. to make hay while the sun shines: see hay n.1 3. raisins of the sun: see raisin 2 c.
(a)a1000Andreas 1013 (Gr.) Gode þancade, þæs ðe hie onsunde æfre moston ᵹeseon under sunnan. c1250Lay. 108 Þar Rome nou on stondeð, fele ȝer under sunnan nas ȝet Rome bi-wonnen. a1250Owl & Night. 912 Þar beoþ men þat litel kunne of songe þat is vnder sunne. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 57 To alle crystyn men vndir sunne. 1382Wyclif Eccl. i. 10 No thing vnder the sunne newe. a1400–50Wars Alex. 4300 Na supowell vndire son seke we vs neuire. 1508Dunbar Poems vii. 43 Moste aunterus and able, Wndir the soun that beris helme or scheild. 1618Fletcher Hum. Lieut. i. i, There fights no braver souldier under Sun, Gentlemen. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 123 Their worke remaineth in the finest place under the Sunne. 1711Steele Spect. No. 6 ⁋1, I know no Evil under the Sun so great. 1850Tennyson In Mem. lxxv, While we breathe beneath the sun. a1862Thoreau Yankee in Canada ii. (1866) 22 What under the sun they were placed there for..was not apparent.
(b) [c1205Lay. 31087 Nis nan feirure wifmon þa whit sunne scineð on.] a1692Shadwell Volunteers i. ii, He is as fine a Gentleman as the Sun shines upon.
(c)1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 369 Be first aduis'd, In conflict that you get the Sunne of them.
(d)1630Capt. Smith Advert. Wks. (Arb.) II. 962 Why should the brave Spanish Souldiers brag; The Sunne never sets in the Spanish dominions, but ever shineth on one part or other we have conquered for our King. 1640Howell Dodona's Gr. 15 Her dominions are very spacious, that the Sun never forsakes her quite. c1645― Lett. (1650) I. 358 The catholic King..wears the sun for his helmet, because it never sets upon all his dominions, in regard some part of them lies on the other side of the hemisphere among the Antipodes. 1648Gage New Survey W. Indies Ep. Ded., Our Neighbors the Hollanders..have conquered so much Land in the East and West-Indies, that it may be said of them, as of the Spaniards, That the Sunn never sets upon their Dominions.
1827Scott Napoleon VI. v. 141 [Napoleon loq.] The stake I play for is immense—I will continue in my own dynasty the family system of the Bourbons, and unite Spain for ever to the destinies of France. Remember that the sun never sets on the immense Empire of Charles V. 1846Thackeray in Punch X. 101/2 Snobs are..recognised throughout an Empire on which I am given to understand the Sun never sets. 1857Hughes Tom Brown i. i, The great army of Browns, who are scattered over the whole empire on which the sun never sets.
(e)1697Collier Ess. Mor. Subj. i. (1703) 145 If he draws upon me in the streets, I will not..let the sun shine through me, if I can help it. 1744M. Bishop Life & Adv. 185 We made the Sun shine through some of the Walls.
(f)1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) ii, Rouer à tour, to coil a rope with the sun. Ibid., Rouer à contre, to coil a rope against the sun. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 55 The starboard cable should be bitted with the sun, and the port cable against the sun. 1875Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. iv. (ed. 2) 90 When the wind shifts against the sun, Trust it not, for back it will run.
(g)1555Towrson in Hakluyt Voy. (1589) 100 They tooke y⊇ sunne & after iudged themselues to be 24 leagues past the riuer de Sestos. 1869‘Mark Twain’ Innoc. Abr. ii. (1887) 20, I..found a sextant... Now, I said, they ‘take the sun’ through this thing. 1895Mem. J. Anderson ii. 21 They watched the Captain daily ‘take the sun’.
(h)1844[see fore-yard2 1]. 1862‘Vanderdecken’ Yacht Sailor ix. 123 It will be a favourable time to ‘make the sun over the foreyard’, and serve out grog in moderation to all hands. 1903H. Holmes Life & Adventures 11 The sun's over the fore yard; no doubt they have spliced the main brace. 1962W. Granville Dict. Sailors' Slang 115/2 Sun over the foreyard, time for drinking in the ward-room. Eight bells in the forenoon watch: mid-day. It is a traditional Naval convention never to drink before the sun clears the foreyard.
(i)1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xviii. 409 After sharpe shoures..moste shene is þe sonne. 1535Coverdale Matt. v. 45 He maketh his sonne to aryse on the euel and on the good. 1598Marston Sco. Villanie i. iii. 179 It's good be warie, whilst the sunne shines cleer. 1598Shakes. Merry W. i. iii. 70 Then did the Sun on dung-hill shine.
† f. line, mount of the sun (Palmistry): see quot. 1653. sun and moon, a kind of tug-of-war (see quot. 1615). Obs.
1615T. Thomas Dict., Dielcystinda, a kinde of plaie, wherein two companies of boyes holding hands all in a rowe, do pull with hard hold one another till one be ouercome: it is called Sunne and Moone. 1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 53 The line of the Sun takes its beginning out of the line of Fortune, and ascends, dividing the mount of the Sun, straight to the ring-finger.
2. a. With qualifying word, or in pl., with reference to its position in the sky (or occas. the zodiac), or its aspect or visibility at a particular time or times; † hence sometimes = direction or aspect with respect to the incident rays of the sun; so (poet.) rising sun = east, setting sun = west. Also in fig. context.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 7 Whan..the yonge sonne Hath in the Ram his halfe cours yronne. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 91 Dum. As faire as day. Ber. I as some daies, but then no sunne must shine. 1601Holland Pliny I. 84 Some have set them just in the mids betweene both Sunnes, to wit the setting of it with the Antipodes, and the rising of it with us. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 110 So that the ground lye vpon the South Sunne, and fenced from cold windes. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 436 Nor to the North, nor to the Rising Sun, Nor Southward..But..to the West. 1709Pope Autumn 100 And the low sun had lengthen'd ev'ry shade. 1721Mortimer Husb. II. 221 They must be..not too much exposed to the Noon-sun; the Morning-sun being esteemed the best for them. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. I. 16/1 We shou'd also observe what Suns our House stands to. 1788Cowper Stanzas Bill Mort. 16 Told that his setting sun would rise no more. 1818Byron Mazeppa xvii, With just enough of life to see My last of suns go down on me. 1841J. F. Cooper Deerslayer II. xii. 206 You are a man whose fathers came from beyond the rising sun; we are children of the setting sun. 1847Tennyson Princ. iv. 552 The midsummer, midnight, Norway sun. 1860Pusey Min. Proph. 367 The fiery empire of Assyrian conquerors sank like a tropic sun. 1865Kingsley Herew. iii, A glen which sloped towards the southern sun.
(b) rising-sun (transf.): (i) as a decorative motif; (ii) as the emblem of Japan (with ref. to the literal meaning of the country's name in Japanese: see Nippon).
1840J. Madison Papers III. 1624 [At the Constitutional Convention, 1787] Doctor Franklin, looking towards the President's chair, at the back of which a rising sun happened to be painted, observed..that painters had found it difficult to distinguish in their art, a rising, from a setting, sun. 1863Chambers's Encycl. V. 683/1 Japan (native name, Nipon..i.e., the Land of the Rising Sun). 1895‘C. E. Craddock’ Mystery Witch-Face Mountain 185 Some [quilts] were of the ‘log cabin’ and ‘rising sun’ variety. 1897Far East 20 Mar. 83/2 The children of the Rising Sun. 1935J. C. Lincoln Cape Cod Yesterdays 109, I ducked my tousled head under the..‘rising-sun comforter’ and fell asleep in spite of the racket. 1942R.A.F. Jrnl. 2 May 1 It is difficult to form an exact picture of the air strength of the land of the Rising Sun. 1983Jewish Chron. 27 May 15/3 The cupped-hand emblem replaces the now familiar rising sun logo [of the Jewish Welfare Board].
b. With reference to the heat produced by the sun; hence (poet.) = climate, clime.
c1400Destr. Troy 339 With voiders vnder vines for violent sonnes. 1706E. Ward Wooden World Diss. (1708) 99 A Mediterranean-Sun makes him as dry and huskish in one Summer, as a toasted Bisket. 1757W. Thompson R.N. Adv. 8 In strong Winds and Suns the Casks shrink. 1847C. Brontë J. Eyre xxxiv, I would..toil under Eastern suns, in Asian deserts. 1852Tennyson Ode Wellington 101 Underneath another sun.
†c. In adverbial expressions referring to the time of the rising and setting of the sun, e.g. at the sun uprising, (a)rising, setting, going down, toganging. Obs. See also sunrise -rist), sunrising, sunset, sunsetting.
The ME. sonne, sunne is orig. genitive sing.
c1300K. Horn 847 (Laud), At þe sonne op rysyng [MS. Harl. vpspringe]. 1382Wyclif Josh. xii. 1 At the sonne arisynge [Vulg. ad solis ortum]. 1530Palsgr. 805/2 At the sonne goyng downe, sur le soleil couchant. 1540–1Elyot Image Gov. 67 That no vitailyng house..should..receiue any person, either before the soonne risen, or after the sonne set. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. II. 286 About the sone togangeng.
3. fig. In allusion to the splendour of the sun or to its being a source of light and heat.
a. Applied to God and to persons. Sun of righteousness, a title of Jesus Christ (after Malachi iv. 2).
a1000Phœnix 587 (Gr.) Þær seo soþfæste sunne lihteð wlitiᵹ ofer weoredum in wuldres byriᵹ. c1200Ormin 16779 He nass nohht..full Off all þe rihhte trowwþe, Noff Godess laress brihhte lem, Noff rihhtwisnessess sunne. 1382Wyclif Mal. iv. 2 And to ȝou dredynge my name the sunne of riȝtwisnesse shal springe. 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love ii. ii. (Skeat) l. 15 The clips of me, that shulde be his shynande sonne. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye iii. 306 Heyle vyrgyn mother of god, thow arte the sonne of the day aboue and the mone of the nighte of the worlde. 1521Fisher Serm. agst. Luther Wks. (1876) 312 The lyght of fayth (that shyneth from the spyrytuall sonne almyghty god). 1593M. Roydon Elegie 132 in Spenser's Astrophel, Tis likely they acquainted soone, He was a Sun, and she a Moone. 1611Bible Ps. lxxxiv. 11 The Lord God is a sunne and shield [Coverd. a light and defence]. c1611Chapman Homer's Iliads Anagram, Henrye Prince of Wales ovr Svnn, Heyr, Peace, Life. 1704Norris Ideal World ii. xii. 473 That eternal Word,..the great intelligible Sun of the whole Rational World. 1827Keble Chr. Y., Evening Hymn, Sun of my soul, thou Saviour dear, It is not night if thou be near. 1864Tennyson En. Ard. 500 He is singing Hosanna in the highest: yonder shines The Sun of Righteousness. 1888‘J. S. Winter’ Bootle's Childr. xi, Any one of the Lizas and Pollies and Susies, the suns who had..lighted his heart's firmament.
b. Applied to things or conditions; esp. in expressions referring to prosperity or gladness.
1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Nov. 67 The sonne of all the world is dimme and darke. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. II. 306 Sa bricht a sone began to shine, that al Jnglismen was dung out of hail Scotland. c1600Shakes. Sonn. xlix. 6 When thou shalt strangely passe, And scarcely greete me with that sunne thine eye. 1601― Jul. C. v. iii. 63 The Sunne of Rome is set. 1612Bacon Ess., Deformity (Arb.) 250 The starres of naturall inclination, are sometimes obscured by the sunne of discipline and vertue. 1792S. Rogers Pleas. Mem. ii. 21 When joy's bright sun has shed his evening ray. 1818Scott Br. Lamm. xxi, When the sun of my prosperity began to arise. 1878Stubbs Const. Hist. III. xxi. 613 The sun of the Plantagenets went down in clouds and thick darkness.
4. a. The direct rays of the sun; sunlight; sunshine: orig. and chiefly in advb. phr. in the sun (OE. on sunnan), † with, against, fornent the sun (OE. wið sunnan), † under the sun.
a900O.E. Martyrol. 7 March 36 He sæt ute on sunnan. c1000Sax. Leechd. III. 2 Ᵹelicge upweard wið hatre sunnan. c1250Gen. & Ex. 4075 Ben ðese hangen ðe sunne agen. c1290S. Eng. Leg. 193 Þe sonne schon In at one hole. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xviii. (Egipciane) 223 Brynt with þe sone, blak scho vas. 1390Gower Conf. I. 323 Quod he, ‘Thanne hove out of mi Sonne, And let it schyne into mi Tonne’. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) iii. 10 On þe schire Thursday make þai þat breed..and dries it at þe soune. 1542Boorde Dyetary viii. (1870) 249 In sommer, kepe your necke and face from the sonne. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 117 Wash sheepe..where water doth run, and let him go cleanly and drie in the sun. 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 800 Lusts effect is tempest after sunne. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 624 Some do sheare them within doores, and some in the open sunne abroad. 1659Caldwell Papers (Maitland Club) I. 92 Sett it under the sone in the Caniculare dayes. 1671Milton Samson 3 Yonder bank hath choice of Sun or shade. 16..Bessy Bell & Mary Gray in Child Ballads (1890) IV. 77 To biek forenent the sin. 1775Earl Carlisle in Jesse Selwyn & Contemp. (1844) III. 113 Clear frosty days, with a great deal of sun. 1812New Bot. Gard. I. 78 Exposed to the full sun in some dry airy situation. 1853M. Arnold Scholar Gypsy ii, Where the reaper..in the sun all morning binds the sheaves. 1854Poultry Chron. II. 88 Putting trellis-work to admit the sun and air. 1860Hogg Fruit Man. 145 Skin yellow, deep purplish next the sun. 1893F. C. Selous Trav. S.E. Africa 98 There was still an hour's sun when we got here. 1898P. Manson Trop. Dis. Introd. p. xi, Extreme cold may cause frost-bite; exposure to the sun, sun erythema.
b. fig., chiefly in phr. in the sun, † (a) free from care or sorrow; (b) exposed to public view.
out of God's blessing into the warm sun: see god n. 5 c.
1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. v. 41 Who doth ambition shunne, and loues to liue i' th Sunne. 1602― Ham. i. ii. 67 King. How is it that the Clouds still hang on you? Ham. Not so my Lord, I am too much i' th' Sun. 1657Owen Schism i. §13 It is ludicrously said of Physitians, the Effects of their skill lye in the Sunne, but their mistakes are covered in the Church-yard. a1764Lloyd Poet Poet. Wks. (1774) II. 31 Which seeks the sun of approbation. 1859Tennyson Marr. Geraint 714 Since our fortune swerved from sun to shade.
(c) to have been in the sun (slang), to be intoxicated; also to have the sun in one's eyes.
The origin of this phr. is not ascertained, but cf.:—
1619R. Harris Drunkard's Cup 21 They bee buckt [i.e. soaked] with drinke, and then laid out to bee Sunn'd and scornd.
1770Gentl. Mag. XL. 559 To express the Condition of an Honest Fellow, and no Flincher, under the Effects of good Fellowship, it is said that he [has]..Been in the Sun. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop ii, Last night he had had ‘the sun very strong in his eyes’.
(d) one's place in the sun: an individual share in those things to which all have a right; hence, a position giving scope for the development of personal or national life.
The phrase is traceable to Pascal Pensées §73 (of autograph MS.) ‘Ce chien est à moi, disaient ces pauvres enfants; c'est là ma place au soleil; voilà le commencement et l'image de l'usurpation de la terre.’ This is rendered as follows in the earliest Engl. transl.:—
1688J. Walker tr. Pascal's Thoughts xxxi. 246 This Dog is mine, said those poor Children; That's my place in the Sun: This is the beginning and Image of the Usurpation of all the Earth.
Quot. 1897 comes from a speech by Bernhard von Bülow, Chancellor of Germany.
[1897Times 7 Dec. 5/5 We desire to throw no one into the shade, but we also demand our own place in the sun⁓light.] 1901Times 20 June 5/4 We have..fought for our place in the sun and have won it. It will be my business to see that we retain this place in the sun unchallenged, so that the rays of that sun may exert a fructifying influence upon our foreign trade and traffic. 1911Times 28 Aug. 6/3 (Wilhelm II's Sp. at Hamburg, 27 Aug.) So that we may be sure that no one can dispute with us the place in the sun that is our due [den uns zustehenden Platz an der Sonne]. 1926Galsworthy Silver Spoon i. iii. 22 Five million pounds spent on the organised travel of a hundred thousand working men..would infect the working class with a feverish desire for a place in the sun. The world is their children's for the taking. 1928C. R. Longwell in Theory Continental Drift (Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists) 145 Perhaps the very completeness of this iconoclasm, this rebellion against the established order, has served to gain for the new hypothesis a place in the sun. 1939L. MacNeice Autumn Jrnl. viii. 35 Sun shines easy, but I no longer Docket a place in the sun. 1951‘J. Tey’ Daughter of Time vii. 96, I sure would hate a brother who took my credit and my women and my place in the sun. 1967V. Lincoln Private Disgrace (1968) iii. 37 Lizzie longed for a place in the sun. But..her longing for popularity was self-defeating.
5. With qualification or in phr.a. Sunrise or sunset as determining the period of a day. † from sun to sun: from sunrise to sunset; so † between sun and sun. Obs. or arch.
a1400–50Wars Alex. 2303 Þe secund day before þe son he at þe cite wildid. 14..in Rel. Ant. I. 319 And so the xix. day ys xiiij. owres long and half, fro son to son. c1470Henry Wallace iv. 281 Eftir the sone Wallas walkit about Vpon Tetht side. 1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. ii. 70 One score 'twixt Sun, and Sun, Madam's enough for you. 1631Byfield Doctr. Sabb. 141 Take here day for the day-light betweene sunne and sunne. 1636R. Skinner in Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. xxvii. 11 If a man, travelling in the King's highway, be robbed between sun and sun. 1839Pusey in Liddon Life (1893) II. xxii. 100 By to-morrow's sun she will be, by God's mercy.., where there is no need of the sun.
b. A (particular) day, as being determined by the rising of the sun. poet. or rhet.
1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. ii. i. 134 By the fift houre of the Sunne. 1611Beaum. & Fl. Philaster iii. ii, Your vows are frosts, Fast for a night, and with the next sun gone. 1827Scott Highl. Widow iv, He might count the days which could bring Hamish back to Breadalbane, and number those of his life within three suns more. 1844Mrs. Browning Drama of Exile 1282 But one sun's length off from my happiness. 1855Browning Statue & Bust 150 She turned from the picture at night to scheme Of tearing it out for herself next sun.
c. The time of the sun's apparent revolution in the zodiac, a year. poet.
1742Young Nt. Th. v. 772 Virtue, not rolling suns, the mind matures. 1842Tennyson Locksley Hall 138 The thoughts of men are widen'd with the process of the suns.
6. gen. A luminary; esp. a star as the centre of a system of worlds.
1390Gower Conf. I. 275 A liht, as thogh it were a Sunne. 1623Drummond of Hawthornden Flowers of Sion, Hymn Fairest Fair 229 The Moone moues lowest, siluer Sunne of Night. 1667Milton P.L. viii. 148 Other Suns perhaps With thir attendant Moons thou wilt descrie. 1847Tennyson Princ. iv. 195 Till the Bear had wheel'd Thro' a great arc his seven slow suns. 1884A. Giberne in Sunday Mag. Nov. 713/2 Stars of all colours,..white suns and red suns, blue suns and purple suns, green suns and golden suns.
7. An appearance in the sky like the sun; a mock-sun, parhelion.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. iii. 324 By syx sonnes and a schippe and half a shef of arwes. 1556Chron. Grey Friars (Camden) 69 Abowte Ester was sene..three sonnes shenynge at one tyme in the eyer, that thei cowde not dysserne wych shulde be the very sonne. 1643Baker Chron. (1653) 131 In the seventeenth year of his reign, were seen five Suns at one time together. 1665–6etc. [see mock-sun s.v. mock a. 2].
8. a. A figure or image of, or an ornament or vessel made to resemble, the sun (e.g. a monstrance with rays); Her. a representation of the sun, surrounded with rays and usually charged with the features of a human face; also freq. as the sign of an inn; hence, the name of an inn or of a room in an inn.
c1450Brut 463 All clothed in white,..with sonnys of golde on theire garmentes. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, ii. i. 40 Henceforward will I beare Vpon my Targuet three faire shining Sunnes. 1613Chapman Maske Inns Court A 2, Betwixt euery set of feathers..shin'd Sunnes of golde plate, sprinkled with pearle. 1625B. Jonson Staple of N. iv. iv. 15 He beares In a field Azure, a Sunne proper, beamy. 1636J. Taylor (Water P.) Trav. Signes Zodiack D 7 The Sun at Saint Mary Hill. 1768Ann. Reg. i. 63/2 A magnificent sun of gold, ornamented with diamonds..was placed in the chapel of the palace. 1837Dickens Pickw. li, ‘Lights in the Sun, John; make up the fire’. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. v. iv, Ciboriums, suns, candelabras. 1845Encycl. Metrop. XIV. 243/1 A superb vessel of gold, called the Sun of the Holy Sacrament. 1859Tennyson Merlin & V. 474 The Sun In dexter chief.
b. A kind of circular firework: see quot. 1875.
1749[see cascade n. 2 b]. 1852Burn Naval & Milit. Dict. i. (1863), Gloire, fixed sun in fireworks of very large dimension. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 874 Fixed Sun (Pyrotechnics), a device composed of a certain number of jets of fire distributed circularly like the spokes of a wheel. All the fuses take fire at once... Glories are large suns with several rows of fusees. Ibid. 1933 Revolving-sun, a pyrotechnic device, consisting of a wheel upon whose periphery rockets of different styles are fixed,..one is lighted in succession after another.
†9.
a. Her. In blazoning by the names of heavenly bodies, the name for the tincture Or.
b. Alch. Gold. Obs.
1572J. Bossewell Armorie ii. 108 The Garbe is of the Sonne royally supported with two Lyons. 1610B. Jonson Alch. ii. i, The great med'cine! Of which one part proiected on a hundred Of Mercurie, or Venus, or the Moone, Shall turne it to as many of the Sunne. 1651French Distill. vi. 197 It will resolve the bodies of the Sunne, and Moone.
10. = sun-fish 1 b.
1807P. Gass Jrnl. 29 The fish here are generally pike, cat, sun, perch, and other common fish. 1896P. A. Bruce Econ. Hist. Virginia I. 113 There were in the waters of Virginia when first explored, grampus,..perch, tailor, sun.
II. Attributive uses and combinations.
11. Simple attrib.a. = Of, belonging, or relating to the sun, sunlight, or sunshine, as sun-blaze, sun-fire, sun-flame, sun-flush, sun-glare, sun-glaze, sun-glimpse, sun-glint, sun-glory, sun-mote, sun-tide, sun-warmth; with reference to the worship of the sun, etc. (see 1 c), as sun-chariot, sun-child, sun-deity (= sun-god), sun-hero, sun-horse, sun-maiden, sun-man, sun-sign, sun-spirit, sun-temple.
1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. v. iii, Lyons, which we saw in dread *sunblaze, that Autumn night.
Ibid. ii. iv. v, Dawn on us, thou *Sun-Chariot of a new Berline.
1839T. Mitchell Frogs of Aristoph. Introd. 16 That Colchis, from which came the *sun-children.
1872Calverley Lovers & Refl. in Fly Leaves (1903) 107 And O the *sundazzle on bark and bight!
1899Eng. Hist. Rev. Apr. 219 The great Sky-shining female deity who mounts to heaven by a ladder and becomes the *Sun-deity.
1867Pearson Hist. Eng. I. 20 The Sulevæ appear, from their name, to have been *sun-elves.
1820Shelley Ode to Liberty v, Each head Within its cloudy wings with *sun-fire garlanded. 1892J. Tait Mind in Matter (ed. 3) 324 Like other fires, the sun-fires need to be stirred.
1857Thornbury Songs Caval. 255 To quench the *sun-flame in the west.
1880Le Conte Sight 27 In the shade of a very thick tree-top the *sun-flecks are circular like the sun.
1924G. B. Shaw St. Joan ii. 27 Joan (rising, with a *sunflush of reckless happiness irradiating her face).
1883American VII. 169 The *sun-glare of such worldly joys. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 356 This..country, all sand and sun-glare.
1958C. Tomlinson Seeing is Believing (1960) 1 A quick gold, dyeing the uncovering beach With *sunglaze.
1813Scott Rokeby iv. xvii, Like a *sun-glimpse through a shower.
1880J. E. Watt Poet. Sk. 85 Oor *sun-glints o' glory are followed by gloom. 1883Stevenson Silverado Sq. 200 The deep shaft, with the sun-glints and the water-drops.
1929D. H. Lawrence Pansies 117 Men should group themselves into a new order Of sun-men..walking each in his own sun-glory.
1911F. H. Woods in Encycl. Relig. & Ethics IV. 355/1 Cúchulainn as a *sun-hero..was directly connected with Lug, the sun-god.
1898Westm. Rev. May 513 The worship of the *sun-horse.
1611Bible 2 Chron. xiv. 5 He tooke away out of all the cities of Iudah, the high places and the images [marg. Heb. and R.V. *sun-images].
1898Westm. Rev. May 513 The car in which the Ashvins drew the *sun-maiden to be married to the moon-god.
1929*Sun-man [see sun-glory above].
1933W. de la Mare Fleeting 96 The *sun-motes where the mosses drowse.
1893Addy Hall of Waltheof 93 The sign of the cross was itself a *sun-sign amongst the heathen Northmen.
1877J. E. Carpenter tr. Tiele's Hist. Relig. 22 The *sun-spirit was called simply teotl, ‘the spirit’ par excellence.
1833Mrs. Hemans And I too in Arcadia 20 Insect-wings in *sun⁓streaks dancing.
1865J. H. Ingraham Pillar of Fire (1872) 167 The city of Baalbec is famous for its *sun-temple.
1850Mrs. Browning Early Rose xii, Singing gladly all the moontide, Never waiting for the *suntide.
1886A. Winchell Walks Geol. Field 245 The slanting *sun-warmth of the early morning.
b. = Caused by exposure to the sun, induced by the heat of the sun, as sun-blister, sun-film, sun-haze, sun-headache, sun-pain, sun-rash, sun-scorch, sun-thaw, sun-weariness, etc. See also sun-blight, -fever in 13, sunburn, sunstroke, suntan n. (and a.).
1883Good Words Aug. 543/2 Paint..of doors and window-frames..‘picked out’ by irregular touches of *sun-blister.
1910Blackw. Mag. Dec. 829 The smooth *sun-bubbles in the worn green paint Upon the doors.
1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases xii. 204 The phenomena of *sun-erythema.
1930E. Pound XXX Cantos ii. 11 Snipe come for their bath, bend out their wing-joints, Spread wet wings to the *sun-film.
1860Tyndall Glac. i. ii. 9 The pines, gleaming through the *sunhaze.
1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases Introd. p. xi, Exposure to the sun..[may cause] *sun headache.
1855Dunglison Med. Lex., Hemicrania.., pain, confined to one half the head. It is almost always of an intermittent character;—at times, continuing only as long as the sun is above the horizon; and hence sometimes called *Sun-pain.
Ibid., *Sun Rash, Lichen.
1907W. De Morgan Alice-for-Short xix. 208 With her hair shaken out and only the least little shade of *sun-scorch from long exposure on the inexhaustible sands.
1798Coleridge Frost at Midnight 70 The nigh thatch Smokes in the *sun-thaw.
1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases xii. 201 These cases might be classified under the term *Sun-traumatism.
1897‘H. S. Merriman’ In Kedar's Tents xxvii. 299 Likely to fall from sheer fatigue and *sun-weariness.
c. = Serving for protection against the sun, used to keep the sunlight off or out, as sun-awning, sun-blind, sun-canopy, sun-curtain, sun-filter, sun-lotion, sun-shield, sun-shutter, sun-umbrella: see also sun-bonnet, -hat, -helmet in 13, sunshade.
1883C. A. Moloney W. African Fisheries 19 These clothes wound around the head of their owners, act as a *sun-awning.
1847Zoologist V. 1643 The shutter-blind (or *sun-blind) of the sitting-room. 1852Dickens Bleak Ho. xix, A shop with a sun-blind.
1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 69 A certaine *Sun Canopie, or small tent (which was to bee caried ouer the Emperours head). 1923Heal & Son Catal.: Kitchen Furnit. & Garden Furnit. 10 Hammock..with sun canopy and fittings complete.
1906Westm. Gaz. 14 July 4/2 White linen *sun-covers embroidered in white.
1893Scribner's Mag. June 746/2 A dingy red *sun-curtain.
1970Cape Times 28 Oct. 18/4 You can select your material from our large range of fabrics in tweed, *sun-filter, satin, taffeta, shantung and parchment. 1979P. Niesewand Member of Club vi. 40 The sun filter curtains were..green, yellow and orange stripes.
1967H. Pinter Tea Party 49 You're off to Spain... What *sun lotion do you use, Lois?
1974W. Garner Big enough Wreath ix. 118 One of the two guards stepped out of the gate-house, *sun-shields hiding his eyes. 1977G. Scott Hot Pursuit iii. 29 The driver had my wrist... His other hand had to stay on the wheel and his knife was behind the sunshield.
1909Le Queux House of Whispers xxii, That..white house with the green *sun-shutters.
1831Boston (Mass.) Transcript 31 May 3/2 Light *Sun Umbrellas..are offered at low prices. 1867A. D. Whitney Summer in Leslie Goldthwaite's Life viii. 173 Miss Craydocke appeared..under her great brown sun-umbrella. 1904Daily Chron. 21 June 8/3 Votaries of the abolition of head-gear..trusting to a sun-umbrella for shelter.
d. = affording maximum access to the sun; used, worn, etc., for sun-bathing; as sun balcony, sun loggia, sun parlour, sun porch, sun room; sun-dress, sun-suit, sun-top; sun-chair.
1971‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Doctor Bird vii. 90 A sun balcony..ran round the..side of the villa.
1976‘W. Trevor’ Children of Dynmouth i. 19 Mrs Dass was reclining on a sun-chair in the bow-window.
1942R. Godden Breakfast with Nikolides vi. 138 Her spotted sun-dress, her sun hat and sandals. 1976I. Murdoch Henry & Cato ii. 319 Gerda was wearing a sun dress with shoulder straps.
1965Sun loggia [see pram-park s.v. pram2 3].
1911Sun-parlour [see solarium 2 a]. 1940Auden Another Time 92 The poor old fat banker in the sun-parlour car.
1918M. B. Cooke Threshold 53 Joan went in search of Mr. Farwell and found him reading in the sun porch. 1955Sun-porch [see make n.2 13]. 1977Stornoway Gaz. 27 Aug. 7/5 (Advt.), For Sale. Detached stone-built house..containing living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, sun porch.
1907E. Wharton Fruit of Tree iii. xxiv. 349 A glazed ‘sun-room’, mosaic pavements, a marble fountain. 1935Archit. Rev. LXXVIII. 167 It contains nine different types of flat, each with an open balcony and a glass-enclosed sun-room that can be thrown open in fine weather. 1977Age (Melbourne) 18 Jan. 9/6 (Advt.), Comp. an imposing ent. hall, a large and charming sittingroom,..mod. kitchen opens to an excellent sunroom.
1929Punch 17 July p. xxxv/2 (Advt.), If preparing for a sun-bath, a swim, or both, slip into the Jantzen Sun-suit! 1971‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Doctor Bird xi. 147, I got out into the garden in my sunsuit.
1937Night & Day 29 July 22/2 Deeply to be deplored are such things as..sun-top dresses. 1972W. Ellis Knife Edge vi. 114 Emma..innocently seductive in her shorts and sun-top.
12. Comb.
a. Objective and objective genitive, as sun-worshipper, sun-worshipping; sun-cult, sun-worship; sun-affronting, sun clouding, sun-confronting, sun-creating, sun-defying, sun-disdaining, sun-eclipsing, sun-enticing, sun-expelling, sun-loving, sun-outshining, sun-resembling, sun-screening, sun-shunning, sun-staining, etc., adjs.
1648J. Beaumont Psyche vi. ccii, Sharp was their sight, and further could descry Than any Eagle's *Sun-affronting eye.
1835Court Mag. VI. 205 *Sun-bringing May!
1930R. Campbell Adamastor 91 Stripped are the great *sun-clouding planes.
1658E. Phillips Myst. Love Gen. Lud. (1685) 32 Rainbow. Chequer'd,..eye pleasing, *sun-confronting.
a1894C. Rossetti Out of the Deep vii, A handful of *sun-courting heliotrope.
1847Emerson Poems 84 None so backward in the troop,..But knows the *sun-creating sound.
1911Nation 23 Dec. 510/2 The *sun⁓cult of Mithras.
1879Longfellow Poet. Wks. (1910) 137 There is a mountain in the distant West That, *sun-defying, in its deep ravines Displays a cross of snow upon its side.
1904W. de la Mare Henry Brocken xiii. 150 The *sun-disdaining eagle.
1612J. Davies Muse's Sacrifice (Grosart) II. 13/1 Thy *Sunne-ecclipsing glorious face.
1904W. de la Mare Henry Brocken vii. 79 His *sun-enticing thatch of hair.
1810E. Moor Hindu Pantheon 142 A low *sun-excluding viranda.
1591Shakes. Two Gent. iv. iv. 158 Since she..threw her *Sun-expelling Masque away, The ayre hath staru'd the roses in her cheekes.
1562*Sun-following [see Sun spurge, 13 b].
1607J. Day Parl. Bees i. (1888) 218 *Sun-loving marigolds. 1872C. Rossetti Sing Song 81 Fly away, Sun-loving swallow.
1648J. Beaumont Psyche ix. cxxvi, That *Sun-outshining Crown.
a1774Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 414 The scarlet poppy, and *sun-resembling marigold.
1958Which? I. iv. 17/2 CR had a number of the preparations tested for their *sunscreening quality.
1602F. Herring Anatomyes 4 *Sun-shunning night⁓birds.
a1586Sir P. Sidney Arcadia i. i. (1912) 7 Not able to beare her *sun-stayning excellencie.
1813Monthly Rev. LXXI. 477 The *sun-worship of the Persians, and the manicheism of the Zend-Avesta..are classed with the monotheism of the Jews. 1861Paley æschylus (ed. 2) Pers. 234 note, The sun is called ἄναξ in reference to the Persian doctrine of sun-worship. 1867Brande & Cox Dict. Sci., etc. s.v., The evidence of language..tends to show the general..existence of sun worship among the various tribes of men in the earliest ages. a1901W. Bright Age Fathers (1903) I. xi. 204 Terrifying the Christians by such a proof that mere persistency in Christianity, or in rejection of sun-worship, was a capital crime.
1884Ogilvie, *Sun-worshipper. 1903Daily Chron. 24 Oct. 6/2 The Sun Worshippers were also obliged to go about naked. 1904Budge 3rd & 4th Egypt. Rooms Brit. Mus. 122 When the first sun-worshippers entered Egypt. 1966B. H. Deal Fancy's Knell v. 77 Her red bathing suit [was] brilliant against her white skin. Evidently she wasn't the sun worshiper the others were.
1617Purchas Pilgrimage v. vii. §6 (ed. 3) 608 Wee haue..spoken of the Bulloches,..*Sunne-worshipping, Giantly bignesse, and Inhumane humanitie, in eating mans-flesh.
b. Instrumental = by or with the sun, as sun-alight, sun-ambered, sun-awakened, sun-bedazzled, sun-begotten, sun-bemused, sun-bitten, sun-black, sun-blanched, sun-blazoned, sun-bleached, sun-blown, sun-bred, sun-brown, sun-browned, sun-bruised, sun-caught, sun-charged, sun-coloured, sun-compelled, sun-cracked, sun-dappled, sun-dark, sun-darkened, sun-dazed, sun-delighted, sun-desired, sun-detested, sun-dimmed, sun-dozed, sun-drawn, sun-driven, sun-eaten, sun-faded, sun-fed, sun-flaked, sun-flecked (also fig.), sun-flooded, sun-flushed, sun-fondled, sun-forgotten, sun-freckled, sun-fringed, sun-gilded, sun-gilt, sun-glazed, sun-graced, sun-heated, sun-illumined, sun-kissed (also spec. of fruit, freq. with commercial spelling -kist), sun-lashed, sun-licked, sun-loved, sun-mellowed (fig.), sun-parched, sun-ripened, sun-scarred, sun-scorched, sun-scorching, sun-scrubbed, sun-sculptured, sun-shafted, sun-shot, sun-shy, sun-soaked (also fig.), sun-stained, sun-strewn, sun-struck, sun-swart, sun-swung, sun-warm, sun-warmed, sun-whitened, sun-withered, etc., adjs. See also sun-beaten in 13, sun-bright 2, sunburnt, sun-dried, sunlit, sun-stricken, sunstruck.
1904Hardy Dynasts I. i. v. 32 Till we sight Famed Milan's aisles of marble, *sun-alight.
1951W. de la Mare Winged Chariot 23 *Sun-ambered, weathered, sweet as new-mown hay.
1820Shelley Prometh. Unb. ii. iii. 37 The *sun-awakened avalanche!
1946W. de la Mare Traveller 18 A dwindling, *sun-bedazzled moon.
1687Dryden Hind & P. i. 311 A slimy-born and *sun-begotten Tribe. 1912W. de la Mare Listeners 24 A sea Of sun-begotten grain.
1957L. Durrell Bitter Lemons 118 We'll all subside into *sun-bemused tranquillity.
1920H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. iii. 72 It was a tall, lean, *sun-bitten youngish man of forty perhaps.
1923D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers 46 Columns dark and soft, *Sunblack men, Soft shafts, sunbreathing mouths. 1947Dylan Thomas Let. 3 Aug. (1966) 318 Sunblack webfooted waterboys..bleed from the heat.
1905Century Mag. Aug. 489/1 These stern-faced, *sun-blackened young men.
1840Browning Sordello vi. 871 The few fine locks Stained like pale honey oozed from topmost rocks, *Sunblanched the live⁓long summer.
1919V. Woolf Night & Day xx. 275 The *sun-blazoned windows.
1835J. E. Alexander Sketches in Portugal xi. 267 Peasants with long and *sun-bleached hair floating about their shoulders..stood behind fruit and vegetable baskets. 1979Arizona Daily Star 5 Aug. a10/3 The approaching slick has not hurt business at the long strip of sun-bleached sand.
1899Kipling Stalky iii. 67 They reached the *sun-blistered pavilion..just before roll-call.
1595B. Barnes Sonnets lxxx, A *sunne-blowne rose.
1601–11Chester Poems (1878) 17 My *Sunne-bred lookes. 1648J. Beaumont Psyche x. cccxcv, He..reach'd not his designed Bethany Till two days more their Sun-bred lives had spent.
1844Penny Mag. 17 Aug. 314/2 These half-clad *sun-bronzed fellows..are Arabs.
1861A. J. Munby Diary 19 May in D. Hudson Munby (1972) 93 His frank intelligent face..has a pure rich *sunbrown tint. 1871Palgrave Lyr. Poems 88 Thy sun-brown cheek.
1827Scott Highl. Widow i, Donald's *sun-browned countenance.
1957L. Durrell Bitter Lemons 138 How could such a *sun-bruised world be transformed?
1932D. Gascoyne Roman Balcony 9 A rusty and serrated leaf, Alive with *sun-caught moisture.
1942E. Bowen Seven Winters 32 A pinkish *suncharged gauze.
1926D. H. Lawrence Sun iv. 13 She stood a few steps, erect, in front of the *sun-coloured woman.
1922Joyce Ulysses 712 He would hear and somehow reluctantly, *sun-compelled, obey the summons of recall.
1859R. F. Burton Centr. Afr. in Jrnl. Geog. Soc. XXIX. 154 A grassy plain of..*suncracked earth.
1792R. Cumberland Calvary viii. 15 The rays, That from the Savior's *sun-crown'd temples beam'd.
1924R. Campbell Flaming Terrapin v. 80 The *sun-dappled herds a-skipping to the song.
1983A. Price Gunner Kelly ii. 77 The *sun-dappled pools where the stream idled between the trees.
1924Galsworthy Forest iv. i, (stage direction) Franks comes in. Very *sun-dark and thin.
1926D. H. Lawrence Sun iii. 11 The child too was another creature, with a peculiar quiet, *sun-darkened absorption.
Ibid. i. 6 She went home, only half-seeing, sun-blinded and *sun-dazed.
1942J. Masefield Generation Risen 70 *Sun-delighted earth.
1925Blunden English Poems 55 It glittered mist and fire amain, *Sun-desired, desiring.
1931R. Campbell Georgiad i. 25 Shame to show your *sun-detested sight Among the sons of valour and delight.
1917D. H. Lawrence Look! We have come Through! 101 The stars, in their *sun-dimmed closes.
a1918W. Owen Poems (1920) 18 So we drowse, *sun-dozed.
1845Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 304 The foam-bubble, *Sun-drawn out of the sea into the clouds.
1909E. Pound Personae 48 The stars of heaven sheathe their glory And *sun-driven forth-goeth Settentrion. 1926D. H. Lawrence Plumed Serpent xx. 343 She stepped across the *sun-eaten plaza.
1887Kipling From Sea to Sea (1899) I. 34 The maroon cloth..is..neither strained nor meagre nor *sunfaded. 1926D. H. Lawrence Sun iv. 13 Her sun-faded fair hair in a little cloud.
1917E. Pound Lustra 184 The air is solid sunlight, apricus. *Sun-fed we dwell there.
1887J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road 260 A *sun-filled atmosphere.
1770J. Ross Contempl. (MS. Wks.) 226 Fragrant Gales refresh the *Sun-flagged Flow'rs.
1934S. Spender Vienna iii. 30 The once *sun-flaked walls.
1844J. R. Lowell Poems 17 Dim vistas, sprinkled o'er with *sun-flecked green, Wound through the thickset trunks. a1950J. Cleary in Murdoch & Drake-Brockman Austral. Short Stories (1951) 438 Her laugh is a warm, tumbling sound, sun-flecked and musical.
1904M. A. von Arnim Adventures of Elizabeth in Rügen 156 Up there in the *sun-flooded space among the shimmering bracken.
1862G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 10 So those Mermaidens crowded to my rock, And thicken'd, like that drifted bloom, the flock *Sun-flushed. a1960M. Trist in ‘B. James’ Austral. Short Stories (1963) 258 He was a nice baby, blue-eyed, fair-haired and with sun-flushed skin.
1935L. MacNeice Poems 42 The light on the *sun-fondled trees.
1881O. Wilde Poems 219 Bare to *sun-forgotten fields the fire of the sun! 1925S. O'Casey Let. 7 Feb. (1975) I. 131 One can hardly look for the blossoming of roses in these sun-forgotten places.
1916W. B. Yeats Eight Poems, Imagining a man, And his *sun-freckled face.
1830Tennyson Madeline ii, Like little clouds *sun-fringed.
1892Stevenson & Osbourne Wrecker xii. 190 Day after day, in the *sun-gilded cabin, the whiskey-dealer's thermometer stood at 84°. 1960J. Betjeman Summoned by Bells iii. 26 Only one harbinger of future woe Came to me in those far, sun-gilded days.
1807W. Irving Salmag. v. (1824) 83 Along Ausonia's *sun-gilt shore. 1837–42Hawthorne Twice-told T. (1851) II. xi. 162 The sun-gilt spire of the church.
1915W. J. Locke Jaffery iii. 36 A fair-bearded..giant..ran up and laid a couple of great *sun-glazed hands on my shoulders.
1600Tourneur Transf. Metam. viii, Wks. 1878 II. 192 No *sun-grac'd mount? how can the sun mounts grace When mountaines seeke his count'nance to deface?
1856Kane Arctic Explor. I. xx. 242 *Sun-heated snow-surfaces.
1799T. Campbell Pleas. Hope i. 507 His *sun-illumined zone.
1873E. Brennan Witch of Nemi, etc. 249 Upon those *sun-kissed hills. 1920Sunkist [see Sunshine State s.v. sunshine n. 6]. 1979N. & I. Lyons Champagne Blues 172 I'll have a nice glass of tomato juice with a quarter of a Sunkist lemon.
1891O. Wilde Picture of Dorian Gray ix. 161 The green, flickering, *sun-lashed garden.
1926D. H. Lawrence David ii. 18 He beats himself against the *sun-licked pebbles.
c1611Chapman Iliad v. 177 In the *Sun-lou'd Lycian greenes. 1894H. Nisbet Bush Girl's Rom. 12 Sun-loved,..but not shallow streams.
1849C. Brontë Shirley xxxvi. 625 My intention was then formed, but not mature for communication; now it is ripe, *sun-mellowed, perfect.
1848J. R. Lowell Poems 2nd Ser. 65 The next heart-beat, the wind-hurled pile,..Bursts rattling over the *sun-parched roof. 1915G. Frankau Tid'apa i. 7 Do you know our churchyard at Aden; lone tombs on a sun-parched plain.
1935Discovery June 162/2 The fruit is fully *sun-ripened and canned immediately after gathering.
1897J. L. Allen Choir Invisible xv. 159 Frenzied fightings and awful deaths had left but the *sun-scarred dust.
1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl., *Sun-scorched, a term used by our gardners..to express a distemperature of fruit trees. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 358 His march over the sun-scorched plateau.
1633C. Farewell East-Ind. Colation 52 Their *sunschorching dayes.
1955P. Larkin Less Deceived 19 And how remote that bare and *sunscrubbed room.
1955S. Spender Coll. Poems 1928–53 159 Already you are beginning to become Fallen tree-trunk with *sun-sculptured limbs.
1910W. de la Mare Three Mulla-Mulgars xiv. 193 Nod lifted his face and saw..the vast *sun-shafted precipices.
1890R. Bridges Shorter Poems iv. xiv. 75 I'll sit with my love in the scented hay: And watch the *sunshot palaces high. 1936C. Day Lewis Noah & Waters 52 Then plunge out of heaven upon his prey, Slanting and swiftsure as a sun-shot ray.
a1973J. R. R. Tolkien Silmarillion (1977) xvi. 135 What errand have you, Dark Elf, in my lands? An urgent matter, perhaps, that keeps one so *sun-shy abroad by day.
1910H. G. Wells Hist. Mr. Polly vii. 212 He..dreamt..of the East and West Indies until his heart ached to see those *sun-soaked lands before he died. 1960Times 29 Feb. 15/1 Falla's four sun-soaked dances of Spain.
1916D. H. Lawrence Twilight in Italy 36 Her hands and her face were all sun-bleached and *sun-stained.
1916Blunden Harbingers 3, I still can watch the purple-slumbrous main Fretting the *sun-strewn air.
1794T. Dwight Greenfield Hill vii. 154 Idolatry fans off the vernal breeze, And *sun-struck Labour, phrenzied, sinks to peace. 1896A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad xlii. 62 By blowing realms of woodland With sunstruck vanes afield..Content at heart I followed With my delightful guide. 1963A. Lubbock Austral. Roundabout 14 Grey salt-bush, tufts of coarse brownish grass, and stony soil merge into the sun-struck distance.
1867J. Ingelow Christ's Resurr. xiii, Indian glades, Where kneel the *sun-swart maids.
1876‘Ouida’ Winter City vi, Blown by a fresh breeze on a *sun⁓swept moorland.
1874J. R. Lowell in Atlantic Monthly May 588 Indifferent as the figures on a slate Are to the planet's *sun-swung curve Whose bright returns they calculate. 1957T. Hughes Hawk in Rain 39 He smiles in a mirror, shrinking the whole Sun-swung zodiac of light to a trinket shape On the rise of his eye.
1856Kane Arctic Expl. II. xxvii. 271 The varied glitter of *sun-tipped crystal.
1819Shelley in Dowden Life (1886) II. 247 The soil which is stirring in the *sun-warm earth.
1884Expositor Feb. 129 The physical and chemical forces of the *sun-warmed earth.
1848J. R. Lowell Poems 2nd Ser. 64 A great cloud edged with *sun-whitened spray.
1844Faber Sir Lancelot xii, *Sun-withered wreaths.
c. Similative and parasynthetic, as sun-broad, sun-clear (fig. after G. sonnenklar), sun-dazzling, sun-gold, sun-heavy, sun red, sun-round, sun-sweet adjs.; sun-eyed, sun-faced, sun feathered, sun-gloved, sun-haired, sun-leaved adjs. See also sun-bright 1.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. ii. 21 His *sunbroad shield.
1847Emerson Poems (1857) 57 Make the aged eye *sun-clear. 1885Daily News 10 Nov. (Ware Passing Eng.), It is sun⁓clear that [etc.]. 1945W. de la Mare Burning-Glass 36 The grass takes on a shade Of paradisal green, sun-clear.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Whore Wks. ii. 111/1 Your eyes *sun-dazeling coruscancy will exile all the cloudie vapours of..melancholly.
1845Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 222 The *sun-eyed angels.
1602Narcissus (1893) 220 Tell our *Sunnfac't sonne his fortune. 1852‘Nightlark’ Meanderings of Mem. I. 196 Sunfaced choristers.
1649G. Daniel Trinarch., Hen. IV, cccxxxv, The faire *Sun-feather'd Birds.
1939Dylan Thomas Map of Love 6 Comes love's anatomist with *sun-gloved hand Who picks the live heart on a diamond.
1911E. Pound Canzoni 5 Guerdoned by thy *sun-gold traces.
1938S. Spender Trial of Judge i. 18 Let the nordic *Sunhaired head be matched against cloud drifts.
1918D. H. Lawrence New Poems 9 The glimmer of the limes, *sun-heavy sleeping, Goes trembling past me up the College wall.
1939Dylan Thomas in Poetry Feb. 26 The *sun-leaved holy candlewoods.
1861L. L. Noble Icebergs 176 The *sun-red blushes of beauty.
1918E. Sitwell Clown's Houses 14 Like wooden bumpkins' *sun-round stare.
1937W. de la Mare This Year, Next Year 50 Came the woodman with his axe into the *sun-sweet glade.
d. In various advb. relations, = in, to, from (etc.) the sun, as sun-arrayed, sun-born, sun-delighting, sun-descended, sun-drunk, sun-fast, sun-flashed, sun-gazing, sun-glittering, sun-glowing, sun-honeyed, sun-peering, sun-shading, sun-sodden, sun-steeped, etc. adjs.; sun-exposure; sunbask vb. intr. See also sun-proof.
1593Nashe Christ's T. Wks. (Grosart) IV. 249 A bright *sunne-arraied Angell.
1967C. B. Christesen in Coast to Coast 1965–6 29 When..taxed on this subject while *sun-basking by herself on the top deck.
1656Cowley Pindar. Odes, Plagues of Egypt vi, They mount up higher, Where never *Sun-born Frog durst to aspire. 1819Newman Spring Poems (1906) 52 Spring! fairest season of the sunborn four. 1883J. Colborne With Hicks Pasha (1884) 157 The sun-born fellah soldier, who works stripped under the burning rays.
1632Quarles Div. Fancies ii. xcviii. 110 The *Sun-delighting Flye.
1807J. Barlow Columb. i. 244 The *sun-descended race.
1925A. Huxley Selected Poems 16 The *sun-drunk petals.
1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases xii. 204 Sequelæ..attributable to *sun exposure.
1962Economist 21 Apr. 250/1 The French have produced a [plastic] geranium which is guaranteed to be *sunfast.
1611Beaum. & Fl. Maid's Trag. i. ii, The day breaks here, and yon *sun-flaring stream Shot from the south.
1905*Sun-flashed [see iridesce v.].
1876Whitney Sights & Insights xxxii. 305 The sweet, *sunfull heaven.
1611W. Barksted Hiren (1876) 99 The *sunne-gaz'd Eagle.
1802Shaw Gen. Zool. III. i. 245 *Sun-gazing Lizard, Lacerta Helioscopa.
1916Blunden Harbingers 11 Odysseus came..And called without my strong *sun-glittering gates.
1926D. H. Lawrence Sun iv. 14 Like a blot of ink on the pale, *sun-glowing slope.
1953Dylan Thomas Under Milk Wood (1954) 44 There's the clip clop of horses on the *sun-honeyed cobbles of the humming streets.
1923D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers 84 John, oh John, Thou honourable bird *Sun-peering eagle.
1626J. Gresham Pict. Incest (1876) 26 Her dainty fingers..Into *sun-shading litle boughes doe turne.
1822Byron Juan viii. lxxxii, The Nile's *sun-sodden slime.
1833Tennyson Lotos-Eaters 74 *Sun-steep'd at noon, and in the moon Nightly dew-fed.
13. a. Special Combs.: sun arc Cinematogr., an arc lamp used to simulate sunlight in film production; † sun-arising, = sunrising; sun-back, a low-cut back of a garment; also attrib.; sunbaking vbl. n. Austral., sunbathing; sun-bath, an exposure to the direct rays of the sun, orig. as a method of medical treatment; basking in the sun; so sun-bathing n. and adj.; sun-bathed a., bathed in sunshine; sun-bather, one who takes a sun-bath; hence (as back-formation) sun-bathe v. intr.; sun-beat, -beaten adjs., upon which the sun beats; sun bed, (a) a lightweight bed or couch for sun-bathing; (b) a bed designed for artificial sun-bathing in ultraviolet light; Sunbelt U.S. (also as two words) [belt n.1 5 a], a zone consisting of the most southerly states of the U.S., extending from California in the west to the Carolinas in the east; sun-blast (now dial.), a sudden emission or burst of sunshine (also fig.); sun-blight (Australia), an inflammatory affection of the eyes caused by exposure to sunshine; sun-bonnet, a light bonnet with a projection in front and a cape behind to protect the head and neck from the sun; hence sun-bonneted a.; sun-break, (a) a burst of sunshine; (b) sunrise (cf. daybreak); (c) = brise-soleil; sun-case Pyrotechny, a case containing a slow-burning composition, forming part of a ‘sun’: see 8 b above; sun-charm, a fire-festival to propitiate the god of the sun; sun-circle, a circle of stones supposed to be connected with sun-worship; sun-clad a. poet., (a) clothed in radiance like the sun; (b) clothed in sunshine; sun-clock, (a) a clock constructed to show solar time; (b) poet. a sundial; sun club, a club for sun-bathers or naturists (naturist 2); sun compass, a navigational device for finding true north from the observed direction of the sun, allowing for the time of day; also fig. and attrib.; sun-crack Geol., a crack produced by the heat of the sun during the consolidation of a rock; sun-cream, a creamy preparation rubbed on the skin to protect it from sunburn or to promote sun-tanning; sun-cure n., a cure involving exposure to the sun's rays; sun-cure v., to ‘cure’ or preserve by exposure to the sun; also sun-cured ppl. a.; sun-dance, a religious dance in honour of the sun, accompanied with rites of self-torture, practised by certain North American Indian peoples; sun-dart poet., a ray of sunlight figured as a dart; sun-dawn, poet., dawn, daybreak; sun-deck, (a) the upper deck of a steamer; (b) N. Amer., a terrace or balcony situated so as to catch the sun; sun-disk, -disc, the disk of the sun, or a figure or image of this, esp. in religious symbolism; sun-drenched a., soaked with sunshine; having (typically) very sunny weather; sun-dry a. = sun-dried a.; sun-dust, the motes in a sunbeam; hence sun-dusted a.; sun-extinct a. poet. nonce-wd., inwardly dead; sun-eye poet., the sun; sun-fever (see quots.); sun-figure Biol., a radiating figure formed in the protoplasm of a cell during karyokinesis; sun-flag, the Japanese flag, bearing an image of the sun; sun flash, a flash of sunlight; a device or pattern resembling this (see quots.); sun-fly, an artificial fly used by anglers in bright weather; sun-force, the force or energy emanating from the sun in the form of heat, light, etc.; sun furnace, an apparatus constructed of mirrors designed to concentrate solar energy for use in high-temperature experiments and research; † sun-gate-down, sunset; sun gear Mech. = sun wheel (a); sun-glade, a beam or track of sunlight, esp. the track of reflected sunlight on water (cf. moon-glade, moon n.1 16); sun-glass, (a) a lens for concentrating the rays of the sun, a burning-glass; (b) a screen of coloured glass attached to a sextant for moderating the light of the sun, a shade-glass (Cent. Dict. Suppl. 1909); (c) pl., spectacles with tinted lenses for protecting the eyes from sunlight; = dark glasses (b) s.v. dark a. 14 c; hence sun-glassed a., wearing sun-glasses; sun-glow, (a) a glow or glare of sunlight; also, the colour of this; (b) a hazy diffused light seen around the sun, due to fine solid particles in the atmosphere, as after a volcanic eruption; sun-go-down Obs. or dial., sunset; † also app. used advb. = till sunset; so † sun-going-down; sun-gold, (a) an orange dye obtained from coal-tar, also called heliochrysin; (b) bright sunlight likened to gold (poet. and rhet.); sun-grazer Astr. (see quot. 1982); so sun-grazing a.; sun-groat (see quot. 1861); Sun Gun Cinemat., a proprietary term for a portable incandescent lamp; † sun half = sunny half (see sunny a. 2 b); sun-hat, a broad-brimmed hat worn in hot climates to protect the head from the sun; so sun-helmet (whence sun-helmeted a., wearing a sun-helmet); sun-heat, (a) heat emanating from the sun; (b) a heat-stroke; sun hot (see quot. 1961); sun kiln, a vat in which potters' clay is exposed to the action of the sun and air; Sun King [see roi soleil], a sobriquet of Louis XIV of France; also transf. and attrib.; sun-lamp, an electric lamp designed to emit radiation of a similar type to that of sunlight; now esp. one that produces ultraviolet light for therapeutic purposes or to produce an artificial sun-tan; hence sun-lamped a.; sun-land, a land of sunshine, a country or region with a sunny climate; sun-leistering = sunning vbl. n. 3; sun-line, (a) in Palmistry = line of the sun (see 1 f above); (b) a line drawn on a card sun-dial, along which a ray of sunlight falls after passing through a slit; sun lounge, (a) a room built largely of glass to admit the maximum amount of sunlight; (b) U.S. = sun-bed (a) above; sun-lounger = sun-bed (a) above; sun-motor, a machine which converts solar energy to another form of energy, such as electrical or mechanical energy; sun-myth, a myth relating to the sun, a solar myth; sun-oil, (a) oil rubbed on the skin to prevent sunburn or promote tanning; (b) = sunflower oil s.v. sunflower 4; sun-opal, = fire-opal; sun-painting = sun-printing below; sun-pan, a pan in which some substance is exposed to the sun (as brine in salt-making, or clay in pottery manufacture); sun-path, the course of the sun; also, the path followed by a ray of sunlight; chiefly fig.; sun-picture, a picture made by means of sunlight, a photograph; sun-pillar, a vertical column of light appearing to extend upwards from the sun; sun-plane, a plane with a curved stock, used for levelling the ends of the staves of a cask; † sun-pond, ? = sun-pan; sun-power, (a) = sun-force; (b) (after candle-power), the relative intrinsic brightness of a star as measured by that of the sun; sun-print Photogr., a print made from a negative by means of sunlight; a daylight print; so sun-print v., -printing vbl. n.; sun-quake, a solar disturbance comparable to an earthquake; † sun-rest, sunset; sun-roof, (a) = sunshine roof s.v. sunshine n. 6; (b) a part of the roof of a house which is suitable for sunbathing; sun-scald [scald n.2], (a) ‘scald’ produced by the sun's heat; esp. damage to trees caused by the bark being dried by excessive heat and wind; (b) a patch of bright sunlight on the surface of water; sun-scorch, the burning of leaves by sunlight when a plant lacks sufficient water; also = sun-scald; sunscreen, (a) a screen which gives protection against the sun; (b) a preparation intended to screen the skin from ultraviolet rays and thereby prevent sunburn; sun-seeker, (a) Astronautics, a photoelectric device used in satellites and spacecraft which maintains its orientation with respect to the sun and can be used to direct instruments and provide navigational information; (b) one seeking a sunny place for a holiday or to live in; sun-shaft orig. U.S., a shaft of sunlight, a sunbeam; also fig.; sunship [-ship], a mock title for the sun; sun-shooter Naut. slang, one who takes an observation of the sun (see shoot v. 32 c); sun-side (now rare), the side facing the sun, the sunny side (also attrib.); sun-signalling, = heliography 4; † sun-sitting, sunset; sun-smile, a sunny or gracious smile; sun-smitten a., struck by the sun's rays; spec. affected with sunstroke; sun-spark U.S., the glint of sunlight on an object; sun-spear, an eel-spear used in the Irish lakes (see quot.); so sun-spearer, -spearing; sunspecs colloq. = sun-glass (c); sun-spell, = sun-charm; sun-spring Obs. or arch., sunrise (in quot. a 1300 transf. = east; in quot. 1900 fig.); † sun-still (see quot.); sun-telegraphy, = heliography 4; sun-thickened oil, a polymerized oil of a honey-like consistency, produced from linseed oil by action of the sun and used as a base in oil-painting; sun-tight a. (after water-tight), impervious to the rays of the sun; sun-time, (a) a time of brightness or joy; (b) solar time; sun-trap, a place adapted for catching sunshine; sun valve, a mechanical device which used the heat of the sun as it appeared or disappeared to turn a lighthouse light off or on; sun visor, a projecting shield on a cap, or a hinged screen mounted inside (formerly also outside) a motor vehicle, to shade the eyes from bright sunshine; sun-wheel, (a) the wheel around which a planet-wheel turns (see sun-and-planet wheels, 13 d); (b) a figure resembling a wheel, with radiating arms or spokes, supposed to be a symbol of the sun; (c) pl. the wheels of the mythical chariot of the sun; sun-yellow, name for a pale yellow dye obtained from coal-tar, also called maize.
1928Amer. Speech III. 366 ‘Back-spot’.., ‘baby-spots’, ‘*sunarcs’, ‘twins’, ‘floods’ and others. 1930Sel. Gloss. Motion Pict. Technician (Acad. Motion Pict. Arts & Sci., Hollywood), Sun lamps, a large lamp (Sun Arc or Sun Spot) reflecting its light by means of a parabolic mirror.
c1440Astron. Cal. (MS. Ashm. 361) fol. 1 b, Boþe of dawyng and of *sonne arysing & also for þe sonne goyng downe. 1633Campion's Hist. Irel. ii. vii. 96 They are forced..to keepe them [sc. their gates] shut..from sunne set, to sunne arising.
1933Sun (Baltimore) 11 Aug. 8/7 Her *sunback suit she casts aside, She is a nudist—off go things. 1934Times 22 June 17/6 Many swimming and bathing suits now have a ‘sun-back’ and a high throat line. 1955J. Potts Death of Stray Cat ii. 18 Summer people..in..their sunback dresses.
1935E. Dark Return to Coolami xxiv. 262 He had wondered..if Susan liked surfing, if she liked *sun-baking. 1977Best of Austral. Angler 63/1 The middle of the day is mostly for sunbaking and dreaming.
1866Galaxy 15 July 544 What you want..is a *sun-bath daily. 1875Encycl. Brit. III. 439/1 A sun bath (insolatio or heliosis), exposing the body to the sun, the head being covered, was a favourite practice among the Greeks and Romans. 1893K. A. Sanborn Truthful Woman S. California 21, I sat on the veranda,..taking a sun-bath, in a happy dream or doze. 1902H. Begbie Sir J. Sparrow 127 Captain Chivvy..vowed and declared that sun-baths were the only possible means of dispersing the cholers of the body..and begged his dear friend Sparrow to stick to sun-baths all the days of his life.
1941A. Christie Evil under Sun vi. 107, I oiled myself and *sunbathed. 1978‘A. York’ Tallant for Disaster i. 17 Supposing the Gazette did learn that Mistress Castanos does sunbathe in the altogether?
1895K. Grahame Golden Age (1904) 9 Out into the brimming *sun-bathed world I sped.
1929Daily Express 14 Jan. 19/3 The groups of Lido *sun-bathers. 1973H. Nielsen Severed Key xviii. 189 Sunny walked on the beach... The sun-bathers and surfers were far behind her.
1600Nashe Summer's Last Will Wks. 1905 III. 274 *Sun-bathing beggers. 1900Westm. Gaz. 31 July 3/2 [Walt Whitman] was convinced that sun-bathing was a fine tonic.
1636G. Sandys Paraphr. Ps. lviii. Poems (1648) 100 As *Sun-beat Snow, so let them thaw. 1693Dryden Juvenal x. 239 Nilus, to convey His Sun-beat Waters by so long a way.
1891Cent. Dict., Sun-beat, *sun-beaten. 1894Safar Persian Pict. 115 The sun-beaten pavement.
1967Punch 11 Jan. p. viii/2 The optimistic can snap up adjustable folding *sun beds. 1979Sunday Express 28 Jan. 16/6 Ever sat down on a foreign beach for a bit of blissful solitude only to find your local pub bore a couple of sunbeds away? 1980West Lancs. Even. Gaz. 9 July 14 (Advt.), ‘Mermaid Sontegra’ Canopy Sun Beds {pstlg}2 per half-hour session or course of 6 {pstlg}10. 1983Daily Tel. 31 Jan. 15/8 Sunbed lamps are designed to cut down ultraviolet B light, which burns before it tans.
1969K. P. Phillips Emerging Republican Majority v. 438 Chart 134 illustrates how the electoral votes of the *Sun Belt will have almost tripled in the half-century between 1920 and 1970. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 24 Apr. 12/1 The movement is away from the noise, dirt, crime, and congestion of the oldest urban centers and to the so-called Sunbelt. 1980Christian Sci. Monitor (Midwestern ed.) 4 Dec. 2/2 In some of the wooded parts of this bustling Sun-belt city, white-tailed deer have been spotted.
1674J. Flavel Husb. Spir. ix. 83 The rain is most beneficial..when there come sweet warm *Sun-blasts with it or after it. Ibid. App. 265 The Sun-blasts of prosperity.
1894H. Nisbet Bush Girl's Rom. 215 Your eyes bad? A touch of *sun-blight. Wear a pair of blue glasses until the inflammation goes.
1837Southern Lit. Messenger III. 332 She had on a deep *sun-bonnet. 1860C. M. Yonge Stokesley Secret ii, Bessie had put on her lilac-spotted sun-bonnet. 1941J. Masefield In Mill 130 All the horses were wearing sun-bonnets and ear-flappers. 1981M. Byrd California Thriller (1984) x. 82 She wore a sun-bonnet..and carried a clipboard.
1839Southern Lit. Messenger V. 113/2 The bevy of *sun-bonnetted lasses, who gave us of their pies and apples.
1826Carrington Dartmoor 75 O Plym, beloved, to thee I owe the few bright *sun-breaks, that have cheer'd My toilsome pilgrimage. 1850S. Dobell Roman vi. 79, I, who..Since sunbreak upon one same broken column Sat like a Caryatid. 1881Shorthouse John Inglesant Pref. 9 The sunbreak upon the stainless peaks. 1947Archit. Rev. CII. 148/1 Covering one-third of it is a key pattern of loggia-like sun-breaks, the scale of which is exactly double that of the rest of the elevation. 1969J. Elliot Duel iii. iv. 275 The other creatures on the beach..sat under sun-breaks, walked in and out of the water, tinkered with boats.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2454/1 *Sun-case,..a strong paper case filled with a composition which does not burn so fast as rocket-composition.
1897D. Butler Ch. Abernethy v. 79 Dr. Frazer regards the fire-festivals of November and December as *sun-charms intended to ensure a proper supply of sunshine. 1911MacCulloch Relig. Anc. Celts xviii. 266 The bonfire was a sun-charm, representing and assisting the sun.
1877E. G. Squier Peru xx. 383 The *sun-circles, or Druidical circles of England.
1634Milton Comus 782 The *Sun-clad power of Chastity. 1825Longfellow Sunrise on the Hills 4 The sun-clad vales.
1737Gentl. Mag. VII. 68/2 [Joseph Williamson's] Clocks, thus framed, would keep Time to Admiration with the Sun, and therefore he called them his *Sun-Clocks. 1876H. Gardner Sunfl., Dream of Noon 51 The mossy sun-clock.
1936Sun Bathing Rev. June–July 43/2 (heading) Non-nudist *sun clubs. 1950Sun Bather Spring 23/1 That's my ideal sun-club. In the National Trust Land, on reserved beaches. In our own gardens, where suitable. 1978Lancashire Life July 31/3 Although Lancashire has four Sun Clubs (naturist terminology for nudist camps), none is on the coast.
1925Nat. Geogr. Mag. Nov. 523/2 In clear weather the *sun compass enabled us to do accurate navigation... Mr. Albert H. Bumstead..invented it for our trip and I consider it a great contribution to science. 1947New Biol. III. 14 The sun may be either to the left or to the right of a marching hopper and it appears that the hopper while marching keeps its direction with reference to the sun. That such ‘sun-compass orientation’ exists was proved by ingenious experiments in the field. 1967J. Grierson Heroes of Polar Skies iv. 65 Byrd..expected to maintain his heading by the sun compass.
1852R. F. Burton Falconry Valley Indus viii. 80 The ground is gashed with gigantic *sun-cracks. 1858H. D. Rogers Geol. Pennsylv. II. ii. 831 A locality where the sun-cracks..are exposed in a roadside quarry.
1966L. Cohen Beautiful Losers i. 91 There is a tube of *sun cream in the glove compartment.
1863L. M. Alcott Hospital Sketches v. 70 Very soon after leaving the care of my ward, I discovered that I had no appetite, and cut the bread and butter interests almost entirely, trying the exercise and *sun cure instead. 1902Daily Chron. 8 Dec. 4/5 Sun-cures for all the depression and ill-humours to which English people are supposed to be peculiarly subject.
1912Nation 8 June 376/1 All that they did not eat to-day they smoked or *sun-cured for to-morrow.
1877(Advt.) Old Judge *Sun cured Virginia Smoking Tobacco.
1849M. H. Eastman Dahcotah p. xxii, The Sioux worship the sun. The *sun dance is performed by young warriors who dance, at intervals of five minutes, for several days. 1890Century Mag. Mar. 753/2 Ordinarily each tribe..has its own celebration of the sun-dance. 1894Outing (U.S.) XXIV. 88/1 Those dreadful cicatrices left by the sun-dance.
a1835Mrs. Hemans Storm of Delphi xiv, And the lightnings in their play Flash'd forth..Like *sun-darts wing'd from the silver bow.
1835Browning Paracelsus i. 104 We paced..the cheerful town At *sun-dawn. 1885Swinburne Mar. Fal. Ded. vii, One heart whose heat was as the sundawn's fire.
1897M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 130 The captain is on top of the *sun deck most of the time. 1909Daily Chron. 16 Apr. 4/4 On the sun-deck of a steamer. 1950J. D. MacDonald Brass Cupcake (1955) ii. 15 The apartment has a big bedroom, sun deck, living room. 1970R. Lowell Notebk. 111 Thirty raspberry bushes stacked on my sundeck.
1877J. E. Carpenter tr. Tiele's Hist. Relig. 54 An attempt..to substitute the exclusive worship of Aten-Ra, the *sun-disc, for that of Amun-Râ. 1883H. W. V. Stuart Egypt 381 The ovals right and left of the sundisk which sheds down its rays upon the royal pair are the solar cartouches.
1924A. J. Small Frozen Gold ii. 47 He was no longer in the *sun-drenched Spring. He had flung himself back..into the winter. 1929Radio Times 8 Nov. 421/3 Honey..from sun-drenched meadows. 1979R. Gillespie Crossword Mystery i. 27 The sun-drenched sidewalk.
1885W. B. Yeats in Dublin Univ. Rev. June 110/2 And with a *sun-dry weed He wrote it on the sands. 1909H. G. Wells Tono-Bungay i. ii. 51 The seaports of the sun-dry Levant.
1849Thoreau Week Concord Riv. 373 The particles of golden light, the *sun-dust, have..fallen like seeds on the earth. 1964W. Golding Spire i. 10 Those two men posed so centrally in the sundust.
1946R. S. Thomas Stones of Field 42 The breeze could bring..songs to his ear from the *sun-dusted moor.
1929D. H. Lawrence Pansies 120 It is only immoral to be dead-alive, *Sun-extinct And busy putting out the sun In other people.
1931C. Day Lewis From Feathers to Iron 23 That golden seed extends Beneath the *sun-eye, the father, To ear at the earth's ends.
1855Dunglison Med. Lex. (1857), Dengue,..Solar or *Sun Fever. 1876Ibid., Sun Fever, a fever of tropical regions, which is probably a severe form of febricula or simple fever. 1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Sept. 638 These ‘touches of fever’ being either sun-fever or malaria.
1889Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. N.S. XXX. 163 Certain peculiar radiating appearances in the protoplasm are seen..—stars, ‘asters’, or ‘*sunfigures’. Cell-division then follows.
1905J. Fox (title) Following the *Sun-Flag: a Vain Pursuit Through Manchuria.
1960H. Hayward Antique Coll. 272/1 *Sun flash horse brass, a face piece, extremely popular in Kent,..originally a disc of latten..with its centre hand-raised into a high dome or boss and encircled with a wide, flat rim. 1971J. S. Gunn Opal Terminol. 46 Sunflash, pattern exhibiting flashes of colour, usually weak, in a dark potch background.
1902Encycl. Brit. XXV. 446/1 For very bright weather and clear water, lightly dressed flies, which are mainly light yellow in colour, are standard favourites, such as the *Sun-fly and the Mystery.
1866Odling Anim. Chem. 78 Either by a direct application of *sun-force or, indirectly, by the aid of those terrestrial transformations of sun-force which are so abundantly at his disposal. 1873B. Stewart Conserv. Force (U.S.) vii. 182 The plant during the day stores up sun-force sufficient to do its work during the night.
1949Sun (Baltimore) 25 Feb. 17/3 A *sun furnace which..can concentrate the temperature of the sun's surface on a space about three inches in diameter. 1955Sci. News Let. 21 May 328/2 French scientists are using the sun furnace to produce and study some minerals which are made at temperatures too high for ordinary furnaces.
c1440Promp. Parv. 484/1 Sunne settynge, or *sunne gate downe. 1530Palsgr. 805/2 At the sonne gate downe, sur le soleil couchant.
1935R. Trautschold Standard Gear Bk. xi. 173 The relative speed of the driven internal gear in terms of the speed of the driving *sun gears. 1975Sci. Amer. Dec. 120/2 When the motor drives the cylinder, the idler gear and its companion rotate as a planetary system around the sun gear that is fixed to the base.
1849H. Melville Mardi I. xxxix. 152 He would not be able to perceive us, owing to our being in what mariners denominate the *sun-glade, or that part of the ocean upon which the sun's rays flash with peculiar intensity. 1876Forest & Stream 13 July 368/2 The..mosquitoes hovered, like flies in a sun-glade. 1906Blackw. Mag. Mar. 394/1 The sun-glade was glittering and twinkling on the water.
1804M. Lewis Jrnl. 19 Aug. in Orig. Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Expedition (1904) I. ii. 112 The main chief Brack fast with us & beged for a *Sun glass. 1806W. Clark Jrnl. 2 Apr. in Ibid. (1905) IV. xxiv. 236 An Indian whome I hired for a Sun glass. 1837–42Hawthorne Twice-told T. (1851) I. vii. 129 After lighting a cigar with a sunglass. 1927A. Conan Doyle Case-Bk. of Sherlock Holmes xii. 306 He had grey-tinted sun-glasses. 1976‘B. Shelby’ Great Pebble Affair 119 My sunglasses fell from my hand, cracking one of the hand-ground lenses.
1961John o' London's 6 July 25/1 The *sun-glassed eyes of the vacation-bound. 1972K. Bonfiglioli Don't point that Thing at Me x. 86 Hatted and sun-glassed to the point of anonymity.
1845Mrs. Norton Child Islands, Winter lxviii, Didst Thou..Never lie dreaming—shut from winter skies,—While the warm shadow of remembered eyes, Like a hot *sun-glow, all thy frame opprest? 1884Chamb. Jrnl. Nov. 707/1 Remarkable coronal appearances and sunglows were noticed in different parts of the world. 1977Western Morning News 30 Aug. 4 (Advt.), 1976 Vauxhall Chevette 4-door Saloon. Sunglow. Low mileage, family saloon.
1595T. Edwards Narcissus (Roxb.) 52 Talke *Sun-go downe. 1715Pennecuik To Pr. Orange in Tweeddale etc. ii. 4 For we that live within this Town, Our Sight grows Dim, by Sun go Down.
c1440*Sonne goyng downe [see sun arising above]. 1530Palsgr. 272/2 Sonne goyng downe, le soleil couchant.
1885J. J. Hummel Dyeing Textile Fabrics 401 Heliochrysin..—This colouring matter is the sodium salt of tetra-nitro-naphthol, it is also known as *Sun Gold. 1897Outing (U.S.) XXIX. 554/1 The water..flashed with untold brilliance under the flooding sun gold.
1965Observer 17 Oct. 13/4 The comet may herald the return of a family of ‘*sun-grazing’ comets..which produced some spectacular effects in the last century. Ibid., One theory has suggested that this group of ‘*sun-grazers’ may have been formed in the wake of the sun after it passed through a cosmic dust cloud. 1982New Scientist 21 Oct. 158/3 Comets that pass near the Sun are called ‘sungrazers’.
1861Gentl. Mag. CCX. 532 note, In the Irish coinage of Edward IV, there are groats with the sun and rose in centre, which were called *sun-groats.
1961Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 14 Nov. tm 49/1 Sylvania Electrical Products, Inc... *Sun Gun, for motion picture camera lamps and reflectors. 1969J. Whale Half-Shut Eye iii. 30 The battery-powered hand-lights which cameramen call sun-guns. 1976Listener 12 Feb. 171/2 By shooting a gun numerous times and flashing a sun-gun, we persuaded hordes of bats to fly round the cave.
1565in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1574 583/1 Dimedietatem terrarum de Westir Gurdie vocat. the *sone half. 1615in J. Davidson Inverurie vi. (1878) 198 The..possessors..of the sun half of the Cruik, finding them⁓selves to have the better part,..granted..to the shaddow half of the said Cruik ane piece of land, to make the shaddow half so good as the sun half.
1879Mrs. A. G. F. E. James Ind. Househ. Managem. 18 A..regular Indian *sun-hat, made of pith. 1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases v. 103 The old resident is very chary about going out without his sun-hat and white umbrella.
1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 489 When the air of the frame is at a high temperature from *sun-heat. 1873J. Le Conte Relig. & Sci. xvi. (1874) 275 Sun-heat, falling upon water, disappears as heat, to reappear as mechanical force which lifts that water into the clouds. 1904New Hebrides Mag. Apr. 10 Cases..of slight sun-stroke, or sun-heat. 1912Contemp. Rev. Apr. 559 Hatless and indifferent to sun-heat that would have killed Europeans.
1879Cornh. Mag. XXXIX. 516 Saint-Luc wore a *sun-helmet. 1883H. W. V. Stuart Egypt 3 Up came a British full private of the gallant West Kent..with..a sun-helmet, and a red jacket.
1896Conan Doyle in Westm. Gaz. 7 Apr. 2/1 A crowd of red-fezzed Egyptians and *sun-helmeted Europeans.
1873C. I. G. Rampini Lett. from Jamaica 179 Rockatone (stone) at ribber-bottom (bottom of the river) no know *sun hot. 1961F. G. Cassidy Jamaica Talk vi. 109 The oldest, and still current expression [for noon] is sun hot.
a1822J. Aiken in S. Shaw Hist. Staff Potteries iv. (1829) 98 The fluid mass is next poured into a sieve, thro' which it runs into the largest vat, or *Sun Kiln, until the whole surface is covered..which is left to be evaporated by solar action.
1939O. Lancaster Homes Sweet Homes 26 Few of his fellow-sovereigns enjoyed the robust health of the *Sun King. 1976N. Thornburg Cutter & Bone xi. 258 The women were heavy and overdressed, with elaborate Sun King coiffeurs [sic]. 1977Time 8 Aug. 37/1 Yves Saint Laurent, the Sun King of fashion.
1885List of Subscribers, Classified (United Telephone Co.) (ed. 6) 87 Electric *Sun Lamp & Power Co., Limited. 1934L. Mumford Metropolitan Milieu in City Devel. (1946) ii. 34 Finally the sun lamps..overcame the lack of real sunlight in these misplanned domestic quarters. 1957C. MacInnes City of Spades ii. v. 141 You're getting so pale... You must have some sun⁓lamp treatment. 1980J. Hone Flowers of Forest i. 61 An unreal tan... Something assumed..with lotions or sun-lamps.
1976‘Trevanian’ Main (1977) xi. 219 There is a lighter tone to his *sun-lamped bronze around the ears, indicating that his haircut is fresh.
1861Paley æschylus (ed. 2) Choeph. 365 note, The Hyperboreans, a race supposed to have inhabited the mild *sun-lands beyond the regions from which the north wind blows.
1847Stoddard Angler's Comp. 253 A party who were *sun-leistering or spearing from a boat.
1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 68 The lines which issue from the *Sun-line, and go to the Table-line signifie Children. 1877Encycl. Brit. VII. 161/1 Draw the sun-line at the top of the card.
1910Bradshaw's Railway Guide Apr. 1020 Linden Hall Hydro... Splendid winter garden and *sun-lounge. 1971[see double-glazing s.v. double a. A. 6]. 1979M. Babson So soon done For xiv. 103 The sun lounges, the chairs, the cushions..all belonged to the Norrises... She was reclining in one of the sunlounges.
1972D. Lees Zodiac 191 We found ourselves side by side on one of the *sun loungers. 1980Daily Tel. 10 Dec. 3/7 A morning on your sun-lounger on one of Tobago's deserted beaches.
1884Cassell's Family Mag. Mar. 252/1 The *Sun-Motor. Our illustration gives a general view of the machine constructed by Captain J. Ericsson of New York, for utilising the sun's heat in producing mechanical power. Ibid. 252/2 The sun-motor may be very useful in some hot parts of the globe. 1952‘J. Wyndham’ in ‘E. Crispin’ Best SF (1955) The main batteries charged by the sun-motor.
1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. xii. 354 St. George, the favourite mediæval bearer of the great *Sun-myth.
1945‘L. Lewis’ Birthday Murder (1951) x. 151 Her face bare of lipstick and shining with *sun oil. 1981Sci. Amer. Feb. 62/3 The production of ‘sunoil’ amounted to 5.6 million tons in 1979–80.
1851Mantell Petrifactions iv. §1. 364 Opaline substances,—the noble opal; *sun-opal; common opal; [etc.].
1876C. M. Yonge Three Brides I. ix. 142 The likeness of a young man..where the hard verities of *sun-painting had refused to veil the haggard trace of early dissipation. 1971Country Life 8 July 104/1 In the 1840s, before artists reacted violently against the threat posed by the new so-called sun paintings.
1723Phil. Trans. XXXII. 353 The Sea Water is let into their feeding Ponds,..from hence is conveyed into small square Pans, and..from these..into larger Pans,..which they call Brine, or *Sun Pans. 1831–3P. Barlow in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VIII. 449/2 The materials for coarse pottery are prepared by a very rude..method. The place is technically named a sun pan.
1598–9E. Forde Parismus ii. (1661) 128 In the *Sun-path of sweet delight. 1847Emerson Poems (1857) 177 The mill-round of our fate appears A sun-path in thy worth. 1876Morris æneid vi. 796 Beyond the stars,..Beyond the sun-path lies the land, where Atlas heaven upbears.
1846Literary Gaz. 433/2 Genuine *sun-pictures, un-aided by art. 1856Geo. Eliot Ess. (1884) 237 The delicate accuracy of a sun-picture.
1902Times 10 Mar. 15/1 At 6.25 p.m., a very brilliant but narrow *sun pillar appeared, extending from a bank of clouds..to about 35°.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 488 The ends of the staves have been levelled by a tool called a *sun plane.
1708Lond. Gaz. No. 4453/3 Large Store-ponds, and *Sun-Ponds for making of Brine.
1877Queen's Printers' Bible-Aids 33/2 Land suffering from an excess of *sun-power. 1905Nature 28 Sept. 532/1 In Fig. 2 the relative distances of..stars..are shown.., the ‘sun-powers’ of the various stars being represented by a system of symbols.
1858Lake Price Man. Photogr. Manip. 218 Such a negative would suffer considerably by being *sun-printed. Ibid., Injured by sun-printing. 1928Blunden Undertones of War viii. 78 A large sunprint on view at headquarters suspected many enemy mine-shafts.
1791E. Darwin Bot. Gard. i. 29 notes, If..the planets were originally thrown out of the sun by larger *sun-quakes.
c1400Love Bonavent. Mirr. (1907) 260 They were bounden to kepe the sabboth day, fro the *sonne rest of the day bifore vnto the sonne rest of the self day. a1500St. Patrick's Purgatory 214 in Brome Bk. 89 Sweche was hys lyght.. As yt ys in wentyr at the sunne rest.
1966T. Pynchon Crying of Lot 49 ii. 38 A small automobile with a *sun roof. 1972Country Life 15 June (Suppl.) 22/2, 5 bedrooms, bathroom, 2 w.c.'s, flat sun-roof. 1980Daily Tel. 23 Jan. 14/4 Electrically operated sunroof and windows and central locking system are included as standard.
1855Trans. Mich. Agric. Soc. VI. 158 The tree has received a *sun scald, and the sap soured in consequence. 1881Gard. Chron. 12 Nov. 621/1 The spots..look more like the sun-scalds one sees upon the leaves of plants grown under glass. 1896E. G. Lodeman Spray. Plants 274 Sun-scald (Cercospora Apii). 1897Kipling Capt. Cour. v. 111 It seemed a sin to do anything but loaf over the hand-lines and spank the drifting ‘sunscalds’ with an oar. 1932Felt & Rankin Insects & Diseases of Ornamental Trees & Shrubs iv. 116 Beech, spruce and pines are subject to sun-scald. 1967New Scientist 30 Nov. 546/2 The temperature of the fruit [sc. tomatoes] directly exposed to the sun is at least 5 to 10 deg C higher than the surrounding air, and this high temperature frequently causes sunscald.
1928B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms (ed. 4) 469/1 *Sun scorch. The burning of foliage when the soil is parched. 1932Felt & Rankin Insects & Diseases of Ornamental Trees & Shrubs iv. 115 The leaves may transpire more water than the roots can take up in a given length of time. This condition will cause sun-scorch of the leaves. 1950N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Jan. 5/2 Do not place them [sc. unripe tomatoes] at a window exposed to strong sunlight, as this will induce sun scorch and render the skin tough. 1969Gloss. Landscape Work (B.S.I.) v. 28 Sun scorch (sunscald), damage caused to bark by unaccustomed exposure to the sun, for example, following the sudden removal of shade.
1738[G. Smith] Cur. Relat. II. 285 They carried forty *Sun-Screens, cover'd with fine Callico, which belonged to the Life-Guard of Dairo. 1845C. H. Smith in Kitto Cycl. Bibl. Lit. (1849) I. 226/2 The royal band of relatives who surrounded the Pharaoh,..bearing his standards, ensign-fans, and sun⁓screens. 1958Which? I. iv. 17/2 Some sunscreens are lotions, some oils, some creams, others aerosols. 1980Daily Tel. 22 Feb. 15/2 Any exposed area of skin should always be protected, either by a moisturiser or—in hot sun—by a sunscreen.
1956Nature 7 Apr. 645/1 The Royal Aircraft Establishment..is also studying the design of a *sun-seeker for carriage in the rocket. The sun-seeker would be used for measurements of solar radiations and for obtaining ultra-violet pictures of the sun at high altitude. 1963M. Caidin Man-in-Space Dict. 198 As used in manned spacecraft or robot satellites, the sunseeker ‘seeks out’ the sun by its brightness. An automatic pilot notes the position and angle of the sunseeker, and fires reaction jets to keep the spacecraft oriented on the basis of the position of the sun. 1970Times 31 Dec. (Rev. of Year) p. vii./5 Sunseekers are beginning to look farther afield than the popular Spanish mainland. 1975D. Francis High Stakes ix. 141 Selling dream retirement homes to elderly sun-seekers.
1868Mrs. Whitney Patience Strong's Outings xiii, The maples were splendid in the *sunshafts that shot through. 1908W. Churchill Mr. Crewe's Career xiii. 191 He had but to beckon a shining Pegasus from out a sun-shaft in the sky. a1918W. Owen Poems (1963) 64 Who's prejudiced Against a grimed hand when his own's quite dust, Less live than specks that in the sun-shafts turn. 1941Blunden Thomas Hardy iv. 67 The secret of that apparent indifference was his lifelong purpose..of striking for truth under the intense sunshafts of philosophic poetry. 1974F. Warner Meeting Ends i. 1 A sunshaft strikes the steeple by my room.
1836Poe Four Beasts in One II. 206 You need not look up at the heavens; his Sunship is not there—at least not the *Sunship adored by the Syrians. That deity..is worshipped under the figure of a large stone pillar.
1886Tinsley's Mag. Oct. 373 The group of *sunshooters on the quarter-deck.
1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xix. 64 Tho þat sitten in þe *sonne-syde sonner aren rype. 1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 651 The colour of the rine or barke on the sunside is purple. 1719Ramsay To Arbuckle 116 My ain house..stands on Edinburgh's street, the sun-side. 1852‘Nightlark’ Meand. Mem. I. 128 And Sun-side Alps all tortuously slip.
1889Encycl. Brit. Index, *Sun-Signalling.
c1460Promp. Parv. (Winch. MS.) 448 *Sunne syttyng, or sunne gate downe, occasus.
1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. ii. i. xi, Rewarded by a *sun-smile, and such melodious glad words. 1852Bailey Festus (ed. 5) 500 The sunsmile of Salvation beamed.
1833Tennyson Pal. Art xii, Below *sunsmitten icy spires Rose..the scornful crags. 1886Stevenson Kidnapped xx. 197 It was only by God's blessing that we were neither of us sun-smitten.
1847Emerson Poems (1857) 110 The *sun-spark on the sea. 1896Idler Mar. 172/1 The burning sun-spark in the bright brass binnacle hood.
1885Sat. Rev. 21 Nov. 673/1 ‘*Sun-spearing’.. is much sought after in the Irish loughs during..June and July. In the early sunny mornings..the *sun-spearer sallies forth in a..boat... Anguilla comes up writhing on the twelve close set teeth of the *sun-spear.
1975Observer (Colour Suppl.) 20 June 13/4 The Reactolite 90/20 lenses..capable of withstanding the impact of a 1½ oz. steel ball dropped from a height of 50 in., more than double the requirement of the United States' stringent *sunspec regulations. 1976Punch 11 Aug. 234/1 Choose a chair and pull up a glass, push up the sunspecs and just drink in this room.
1907Folk-Lore June 222 The nocturnal festival of Sais..shows signs of being a *sun spell.
a1300E.E. Psalter xlix. 2 Fra *sonne springe to setelgange. 1900Westm. Gaz. 14 June 2/3 The sun-spring of love!
1688Holme Armoury iii. xx. (Roxb.) 230 The Italian distillary, or *Sun Still: this is formed of two round bodied glass bottles, one..set with the mouth of it downwards into an other with it mouth vpwards.
1876Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict. (ed. 3) s.v. Telegraphy, *Sun telegraphy is a system of correspondence by means of the sun's rays.
1935E. Neuhaus tr. Doerner's Materials of Artist iii. 105 *Sun-thickened oil is to be preferred to boiled oils, as also to the resin-oil varnishes. 1975U. Dix tr. Wehlte's Materials & Techniques of Painting 389 Sun-thickened oil darkens rapidly when stored in tin canisters.
1861A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cath. 19th C. iii. 88 To make his building light and well ventilated, and yet *sun-tight.
1844Mrs. Browning Duchess May li, Her hopes will spring again By the *suntime of her years. 1855Lardner's Mus. Sci. & Art VII. 33 Clock time and sun time.
1883A. Knox New Playground 66 Secure for him a little ‘box’..a sort of ‘*sun-trap,’ don't you know? 1896Q. Rev. July 59 These small, beautifully kept gardens..—sun-traps they must have been with their big, high walls.
1910Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 620/2 One great feature of this beacon is the *sun-valve, whereby the light is ignited and extinguished automatically at varying periods, according to the time of year. 1936W. H. McCormick Mod. Bk. Lighthouses xi. 92 The light is automatically turned on and off..by placing the light in charge of an ‘AGA’ Sunvalve. 1975Hague & Christie Lighthouses v. 159 Early in the present century the..operation of unattended lighthouses..was revolutionised by the invention of the sun- or light-valve. This..consists of an arrangement of reflective gold-plated bars supporting a suspended absorbent black rod; when lit by the sun this rod absorbs the direct heat and that reflected from the other bars and expands downwards thereby cutting off the supply of gas. The first sun-valve was put into operation..near Stockholm in 1907.
1926Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 8 July 2/1 Bright Sunshine is fine—enjoy it all the more by wearing a *sun visor... A necessity to campers, sportsmen, etc. 1936Times 19 Oct. 8/2 The inside fittings include..sun visors, footrests, etc. 1978L. Heren Growing up on The Times ii. 30, I..had a large American Ford V8 car fitted with a sun visor projecting over the windscreen.
1827*Sun-wheel [see planet-wheel s.v. planet n.1 5]. 1891Cent. Dict., Sun-wheel [sense (b)]. 1910J. MacIntosh in Poets of Ayrshire 138 The horsemen were ready the Sun-wheels to move And carry thee hence to the Kingdom of Love. 1965Daily Mail 28 Oct. 7/3 If we convert the reverse wheel into a sun wheel (stationary wheel) by introducing a brake band, we'll get an intermediate gear ratio and three speeds. 1973T. Pynchon Gravity's Rainbow i. 100 The symbol used is a rude mandala, a red circle with a thick black cross inside, recognizable as the ancient sun-wheel from which tradition says the swastika was broken.
1890*Sun yellow [see maize 3].
b. In names of animals and plants: sun-animalcule, a microscopic protozoan of the group Heliozoa, esp. the common species Actinophrys sol, of a spherical form with numerous long, slender, straight, radiating filaments; sun-bear, (a) a small Malayan species of bear (Helarctos malayanus), the bruang, having close black fur and a white patch on the breast; (b) the Tibetan bear (Ursus thibetanus); sun-beetle, any one of various scarabæid beetles of the subfamily Cetoniinæ, which appear in sunshine; sun-bittern, a South American bird, Eurypyga helias, with brilliantly coloured plumage, also called peacock-bittern; also, any bird of the family Eurypygidæ; sun-cress, a S. African cruciferous herb, Heliophila pectinata; sun-fern (see quot.); sun-fruit, a shrub or tree of the genus Heliocarpus, found in Central America, bearing flat round capsules with radiating bristles; sun gem, a brilliantly coloured Brazilian species of humming-bird, Heliactin cornuta, distinguished by tufts of feathers on either side of the head; sun-grass, = doob (Cynodon Dactylon); sun-grebe, = sunbird 1 c (Cent. Dict. 1891); sun-perch, = sun-fish 1 b; sun plant, (a) a small, half-hardy, annual herb belonging to one of several varieties of Portulaca grandiflora, native to Brazil and bearing single or clustered terminal flowers which open in sun; (b) a plant that grows best in full sunlight; sun-rose, a name for the genus Helianthemum, of which the flowers expand in sunshine: also called rock-rose; cf. helianthemum; † sun shell-fish, a kind of starfish; sun-spider = solpugid; sun spurge, a common species of spurge, Euphorbia Helioscopia, whose flowers follow the sun; sun-squall, -squawl U.S., a jelly-fish; sun-star, sun-starfish, a starfish having numerous rays, as those of the genus Solaster; † sun tithymal, sun spurge; sun-trout local U.S., the squeteague; † sun-turning spurge, sun spurge.
1867J. Hogg Microsc. ii. ii. 372 Actinophrys sol, ‘*sun⁓animalcule.’
1842Penny Cycl. XXIII. 275/1 Bears are numerous [in Sumatra], and among them is the *sun-bear. 1881Encycl. Brit. XII. 741/2 The Himalayan or Tibetan sun bear. 1894N. B. Denys in W. W. Skeat Malay Magic (1900) v. 183 The Malayan Sun-bear, the only animal of the bear species in the Peninsula... It is black in colour, with the exception of a semi-lunar-shaped patch of white on the breast, and a yellowish-white patch on the snout and upper jaw. 1931Times Educ. Suppl. 19 Sept. (Home & Classroom Suppl.) p. iv/3 Mr. Charles Tonge has presented a young Malay sun-bear. 1965R. McKie Company of Animals ix. 146 Sun bears can become dangerous as their power increases with age.
1836–9Todd's Cycl. Anat. II. 886/2 In the *sun-beetles..the eyes are very protuberant.
1870Gillmore tr. Figuier's Reptiles & Birds 343 Its brilliant hues have obtained for it in Guinea the name of the Little Peacock or *Sun Bittern. 1876A. R. Wallace Geogr. Distrib. Anim. II. 358 The Eurypygidæ, or Sun-bitterns, are small heron-like birds with beautifully-coloured wings, which frequent the muddy and wooded river-banks of tropical America.
1884Miller Plant-n., Heliophila pectinata, *Sun Cress.
1824Loudon Encycl. Gard. (ed. 2) 1225/2 *Sun-fern, polypodium phegopteris.
1852G. W. Johnson Cottage Gard. Dict., *Sun-fruit, Heliocarpus.
1861J. Gould Monogr. Trochilidæ IV. 212 (heading) *Sun Gem. 1912Brabourne & Chubb Birds S. Amer. 144 Heliactin..bilophum..Sun-Gem.
1879Sir G. Campbell Black & White 19 In the South [of the U.S.] an East-Indian grass, known as ‘Dhoop’ or *Sun-grass, has been introduced. 1897J. A. Graham Three Closed Lands ix. 108 During the cold season the planter has had to pitch his tent in the forest or tall sun-grass.
1804Lewis & Clark Orig. Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1905) VI. 174 In this lake there is also..*Sunperch. 1826Audubon Jrnls. (1898) I. 162 Roasting the orange-fleshed Ibis, and a few sun-perch. 1835― Ornith. Biog. III. 47 The American Sun Perch. Ibid. 50 The Sun Perch..seems to give a decided preference to sandy, gravelly, or rocky beds of streams. 1876‘Mark Twain’ Tom Sawyer xiv. 123 They were back again with some handsome bass, a couple of sun-perch and a small catfish. 1902W. S. Gordon Recoll. Old Quarter 177 How full were the holes of craw⁓fish, turtles, sun-perch, grindles, and of daring, voracious pike.
1887G. Nicholson Illustr. Dict. Gardening III. 202/2 *Sun-plant. Fl[owers] yellow, purple,..terminal. 1900B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms 260/2 Sun-plants, plants which prefer full sun-light: their stems are often short, the leaves have the palisade cells well developed. 1963Oxf. Bk. Garden Flowers 140/2 Sun Plant. The yellow, pink, scarlet or purple cup-shaped flowers of this little plant from Brazil open in direct sunshine and close in shadow. 1979W. M. M. Baron Organization in Plants (ed. 3) iii. 42 Shade plants can utilize low light intensities more efficiently than sun plants.
1822*Sun-rose [see helianthemum]. 1824Loudon Encycl. Gard. (ed. 2) 1195/2 Helianthemum, sun-rose. 1884Gardening Illust. 8 Nov. 425/3 The best kinds of Rock Roses and Sun Roses are beginning to reappear in our gardens.
1688Holme Armoury ii. xv. 349/2 The Sea Sun, or the *Sun shell fish..differs from the Star-fish in this, that all the rays which are five..come out of the sides of the round shell.
1959Southwest Rev. XLIV. 137/1 An arachnid frequently, and naturally, confused with the true vinegarone is the solpugid—or wind-scorpion, wind-spider, or *sun-spider. 1974Stand. Encycl. S. Afr. X. 217/1 The sun-spider can easily be distinguished from all other arachnids by the two immense jaws at the front of the head.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 154 b, This kinde is called in diuerse partes of England Wartwurt; it maye also be called *son spourge, or son folowynge spourge. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 449 Euphorbia helioscopia,..Wart-wort... Cats-milk. Sun Spurge. 1850Miss Pratt Comm. Things Seaside i. 84 Almost every one knows the common Sun Spurge, often growing as a weed in gardens.
1865Thoreau Cape Cod v. 79 The *sun-squawl was poisonous to handle. 1897Shufeldt Ch. Nat. Hist. U.S. 452 Jellyfish, or Sunsqualls.
1843Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. xi. 50 S[olaster] Endeca.—Purple *Sun Star. S. Papposa.—Common Sun Star. 1855Kingsley Glaucus 125 The twelve-rayed sun-star (Solaster papposa),..dressed in rich scarlet livery.
1876Nature June 121/2 *Sun Starfish (Solaster papposa).
1597Gerarde Herbal ii. cxxxii. 406 With leaues like the *sunne Tithymale.
1884G. B. Goode Fisheries U.S.: Nat. Hist. Aquatic Animals I. 362 In the Southern Atlantic States it [sc. the squeteague] is called ‘Grey Trout’, ‘*Sun Trout’, and ‘Shad Trout’. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 111 In the Southern Atlantic States it is called..‘*Sun Trout.’
1640Parkinson Theatr. Bot. ii. xvi. 188 Tithymalus Helioscopius. *Sunne turning Spurge or Wartwort.
c. Combinations of the genitive sun's: † sun's brow, a kind of bulrush; † sun's day, Sunday; † sun's flower, applied to the marigold (cf. sunflower 3 a); † sun's gem (tr. L. solis gemma), some kind of precious stone (see quot., and cf. sunstone); † sun's night, = sunnight.
1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 35 The Bulrush hath one kinde, which of some is called *Sonnes brow.
12..in E. M. Thompson Cust. St. Aug. Cant. (1904) II. 314 In nocte vero ad matutinos, in primo motu, pulsetur ‘*Sunnesdeies belle’, deinde major Absalon. [1891Hardy Tess xxiii, On this day of vanity, this Sun's-day..they could hear the church-bell calling.]
1563T. Hill Art Garden. (1593) 93 It [sc. marigold] is named the *sunnes floure.
1601Holland Pliny xxxvii. x. II. 629 The *Sunnes gem is white.
a1300Cursor M. 11280 In august time, þe Imparour, Was vs born vr sauueour,..On *sunnes night.
d. sun-and-planet wheels, a form of gearing (invented by James Watt) consisting of a central wheel or sun-wheel and an outer wheel or planet-wheel (of which there may be more than one) geared together so that the axis of the latter moves round that of the former like a planet round the sun; also extended to other forms of gearing on a similar principle. So sun-and-planet gear, sun motion, etc.
1816R. Buchanan Propelling Vessels by Steam 20 For many years, instead of the crank, Mr. Watt used what are called sun and planet wheels, the one working round the other. 1869Rankine Machinery & Millwork 246 The Sun-and-Planet Motion is a sort of epicyclic train with periodic action. 1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 35 A modification of the old bolt and shutter introduced by Sir E. Beckett..is inferior to the ‘Sun and Planet’ and other maintainers. 1896Westm. Gaz. 5 Dec. 4/2 The gear itself is arranged on the ‘sun-and-planet’ principle. 1904G. B. Shaw Comm. Sense Munic. Trading 9 Committees of directors who do not know the difference between a piston rod and a sun-and-planets gear.
▪ II. ‖ sun, n.2|sun|
Pl. sun.
[Jap.]
A Japanese unit of length, equivalent to approximately 1·19 inches (3·03 centimetres).
1727[see shaku 1]. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 490/2 Japan... Sun, 10 = shaku (11·948 inches = 10/33 metre), 6 = ken, 60 = cho. 1956K. Tomiki Judo i. 22 Regulations require that the surrounding mats be all 5 sun (about 6 inches) lower than the contest area.
▪ III. sun, v.
[f. sun n.1 Cf. G. sonnen.]
1. a. trans. To place in or expose to the sun; to subject to the action of the sun's rays; to warm, dry, etc. in sunshine.
[1519: see sunning vbl. n. 1] .1558T. Phaer æneid v. M ij b, Mewes and birds of seas..sonne their fethers. 1578Lyte Dodoens 739 It doth redily draw vnto it the qualities..of those herbes..with which it is set to be sonned. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 97 Cinnamon..if it be sunned too long..suffereth a torrefaction. 1802Wordsw. To the Daisy ii, Spring parts the clouds with softest airs, That she may sun thee. 1807P. Gass Jrnl. 239 We remained here all day airing and sunning our baggage and stores. 1898‘Merriman’ Roden's Corner ii. 15 My..uncle is sure to be sunning his waistcoat in Piccadilly.
fig.1807J. Barlow Columb. iv. 450 Prometheus..from the floods of day Sunn'd his clear soul with heaven's internal ray. 1815Byron Hebrew Mel., All is Vanity i, I sunn'd my heart in beauty's eyes.
b. to sun salmon: see sunning vbl. n. 3.
1844W. H. Maxwell Sports & Adv. Scotl. xxix. (1855) 235, I observed a fellow, in the parlance of the border, sunning salmon.
2. a. refl. To expose oneself to or bask in the sun.
1610Holland Camden's Brit. (1637) 720 Seales..meete together in droves to sleepe and sunne themselves. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 635 To roofy Houses they repair, Or sun themselves abroad in open air. 1710Addison Tatler No. 155 ⁋4 These..used to sun themselves in that place..about dinner-time. 1849Thackeray Pendennis xlii, He suns himself there after his breakfast when the day is suitable. 1885E. Arnold Secret of Death 6 While the snake sunned himself at ease, And monkeys chattered in the trees.
fig.1841Miall in Nonconf. I. 9 A privileged class suns itself in the beams of majesty. 1868Freeman Norm. Conq. II. ix. 330 The Frenchmen..who had sunned themselves in the smiles of the court.
b. intr. for refl. or pass. Now esp. = sun-bathe vb. s.v. sun n. 13 a. Also fig.
Orig. in gerundial phr. a sunning: see sunning vbl. n. 1 b.
1592Nobody & Someb. in Simpson Sch. Shaks. (1878) I. 348 Let me be hangd up sunning in the ayre, And made a scarcrow. 1611Second Maiden's Tragedy (Malone Soc.) 13 Vsurpers svnnynge in their glories like Adders in warme beames. 1622Wither Mistr. Philar. Wks. (1633) 653 The while he lies Sunning in his Mistresse Eyes. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. (1894) ii. 63 He loves the clouds, and watches them folding and sunning. 1933V. Woolf Jrnl. 13 Apr. in Writer's Diary (1953) 197 But we go today and I shall sun, with only a few books. 1968Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 23 Nov. 48/1 Three beaches where you can swim and sun stark naked. 1976E. Dewhurst After Bail vii. 90 The sun never does anything to my lily-white skin... Alan doesn't let me sun for too long.
3. intr. To shine as or like the sun. rare.
1611Cotgr., Soleillant, Sunning, Sunnie. 1845Mrs. Norton Child of Islands (1846) 42 Man's heart hath buds and leaves Which, sunned upon, put forth immortal bloom. 1855Tennyson Maud i. xxii. ix, Shine out, little head, sunning over with curls, To the flowers, and be their sun. 1888T. Watts in Athenæum 17 Mar. 341 A look of joy went sunning over his worn face.
4. trans. To shine upon or illumine as or like the sun. Chiefly poet.
1637N. W[hiting] Albino & Bellama 123 To make Bellama smile, And with one ray sun her Albino's heart. 1722W. Hamilton Wallace 78 His Arm no longer could..Shine in fulgent Arms, and Sun the Field. c1820S. Rogers Italy, Pilgrim 22 A glade Far, far within, sunned only at noonday. 1867H. Macmillan Bible Teach. ii. (1870) 30 Snowed on and sunned in the same hour, these flowers were yet..among the loveliest of nature's productions.
5. with advb. extension: To bring or get into a specified condition by exposure to, or illumination by, the sun. Chiefly fig.
1836Sir H. Taylor Statesman xv. 103 A disposition [such] that he may sun out all the good in men's natures. 1845Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 240 But his heart ripened most 'neath southern eyes, Which sunned their sweets into him all day long. 1894Brit. Jrnl. Photog. XLI. 44 Prints were often improved by sunning down the blank sky space. 1896A. Austin England's Darling iii. i, Sunning grey wrinkles into golden smiles.
▪ IV. sun
see son, soon, sunn. |