| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈraspis1 Obs.
Forms: 5 raspise, -ice, 6 raspays, -yce, 7 -is; 5 respice, 6 -yce.
[Of obscure origin.
Possibly connected with OF. raspeit, -pei (mod.F. râpé: see rape n.6), It. raspato (rendered ‘raspis wine’ by Florio), med.L. raspatum, -etum, -ecia: in that case the ending ice, -is may be due to the med.L. form in -ecia. Boorde (quot. 1542) evidently supposed it to be raspberry-wine (cf. raspis wine), but it seems unlikely, from the contexts in which it occurs, that this was the usual sense of the word.]
A kind of wine used in the 15th and 16th centuries.
c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 118 in Babees Bk. 9 The namys of swete wynes..pyment, Raspise, Muscadelle of grew. c1475Sqr. lowe Degre 756 Mount rose and wyne of Greke, Both algrade, and respice eke. 1519Interl. Four Elem. (Percy Soc.) 22 Ye shall han Spanyeshe wyne and Gascoyn,..Sak, raspyce, alycaunt, rumney. 1542Boorde Dyetary x. (1870) 254 All maner of wynes be made of grapes, excepte respyce, the whiche is made of a bery. 1584Cogan Haven Health 218 Redde wine, if it be a deepe redde enclining to blacke as Raspis.
▪ II. † ˈraspis2 Obs.
Forms: α. 6 raspyse, -ass, 6–7 raspes, -is, -ice, 7 raspies, -esse, -isse. β. 6 respis, -ies, -yce, 7 respas, -ass(e.
[Of obscure origin: perh. in some way related to prec.]
1. a. collect. Raspberries.
c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 912 Raspyse, franboises. 1565Golding Ovid's Met. i. (1593) 4 Men..Did live by respis, heps, and haws. 1578Lyte Dodoens 662 The fruite of this Bramble is called..in English Raspis or Framboys berries. 1658Evelyn French Gardiner (1675) 256 Raspis are of two colours, the white and the red. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 80/1 Preserves..as Pears, Plums,..Grapes, Respass.
b. (With pl. in -es.) A raspberry.
1548Turner Names Herbes (E.D.S.) 68 Rubus ideus is called..in englishe raspeses or hyndberies. 1600Hakluyt Voy. III. 305 There are Raspasses, and a little berrie which we call among vs Blues. 1648Herrick Hesperides 168 The wine of cherries, and to these The cooling breath of Respasses. 1678J. Phillips tr. Tavernier's Voy. xix. 92 Of Strawberries and raspices there is great store.
2. The raspberry-plant.
1558W. Ward tr. Alexis' Secr. i. i. 19 b, This..is taken of Ioannes Agricola to be the brier called Respis. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 72 Set Respis and Rose, yoong rootes of those. 1629Parkinson Paradisus Terrestris 557 The leaves of Raspis may be used..in gargles. 1682Grew Anat. Plants v. 275 The Leavs of Rose-Tree, Raspis [etc.].
3. attrib., as raspis-bush, raspis juice, raspis orchard, raspis tree.
c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 914 Raspis tre, francboisier. 1597Gerarde Herbal iii. 1089 The Raspis bush, or Hindberrie. 1622Wither Philarete (1633) 591 The shrubbie fields are Raspice Orchards there. a1648Ld. Herbert Hen. VIII (1683) 89 A Frambousier or Raspis-Bush. 1660May Accompl. Cook (1665) 254 A quarter of a pint of raspas juyce. |