| 释义 |
Surinam|s(j)ʊərɪˈnæm|
a. The name of the country in S. America formerly called Dutch Guiana; used attrib. in specific names of animals, plants, and products, as Surinam bunting, Surinam darter, Surinam falcon, Surinam grass, Surinam medlar, Surinam quassia, Surinam rat, Surinam shrew, Surinam sprat, Surinam tern; also, in names of pidgin or creole languages spoken in Surinam, as Surinam Negro-English, Surinam Taki-Taki; cf. sranan; Surinam bark, the bark of species of Andira, or that of Cinchona magnifolia, used in medicine; Surinam cherry, (a) a South American tree, Malpighia glabra, or its edible aromatic fruit; (b) an evergreen shrub or small tree, Eugenia uniflora, native to tropical America; also, its edible red fruit; Surinam poison, a tropical leguminous plant, Tophrosia toxicaria, or the poison derived from the leaves; Surinam (water) toad, a large flat toad, the pipa.
1844Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med., *Surinam Bark, worm bark. The bark of the Andira inermis, or Cabbage-bark tree. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Surinam-bark, a cinchona bark of indifferent quality, the produce of Cinchona magnifolia.
1783Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds III. 212 *Surinam B[unting]... Bigger than a Lark, but like it in colour... Inhabits Surinam.
1895‘F. Franceschi’ Santa Barbara Exotic Flora 33 The *Surinam Cherry..[is] growing too in Montecito. 1920Britton & Millspaugh Bahama Flora 304 Eugenia uniflora... Native of South America. Surinam Cherry. 1972C. D. Adams Flowering Plants Jamaica 522 Surinam Cherry. Shrub to 2·5 m. high;..berries red, edible.
1785Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds VI. 626 *Surinam D[arter]... It is often domesticated by the inhabitants, and known to them by the name of the Sun Bird.
1781Ibid. I. 84 *Surinam F[alcon]. Falco sufflator, Lin.
1756P. Browne Jamaica 300 *Surinam Grass. This plant was lately introduced to Jamaica.
1857Henfrey Bot. §506 The *Surinam Medlar (Mimusops Elengi).
1934Amer. Speech IX. 181 (heading) *Surinam Negro-English. 1964Surinam Negro-English [see Negro 1 d].
1756P. Browne Jamaica 296 *Surinam Poison. This plant has been introduced into Jamaica..on account of its intoxicating qualities.
1876Harley Mat. Med. (ed. 6) 675 *Surinam Quassia Tree is the representative of a genus very closely allied to Picræna.
1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1824) III. 447 *Surinam rat, the phalanger, a small monkey.
1800Shaw Gen. Zool. I. ii. 536 *Surinam Shrew. Sorex Surinamensis.
1854Orr's Circ. Sci., Org. Nat. I. 101 The most singular situation of the eyeball..is that of the *Surinam sprat.
1967R. I. McDavid in G. V. Bobrinskoy Lang. & Areas 86 A viable language in its own right—like *Surinam Taki-taki.
1776P. Brown Illustr. Zool. 98 Pl. 39, The *Surinam Tern... Size of a black bird.
1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1824) III. 145 The Pipal, or the *Surinam Toad. 1896Proc. Zool. Soc. 5 May 595 One of the females of the *Surinam Water-Toad..with her back covered with eggs.
b. Epithet of a variety of potato. ? Obs.
1796Nemnich Polygl.-Lex., Red and white Surinam, a sort of potatoes. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 635 The ox-noble, Surinam, Irish purple, Howard or clustered, and red potatoes, are for fodder.
Hence Suriˈnamer [-er1], a native or inhabitant of Surinam; surinamine (also -ina), Chem. an alkaloid supposed to be contained in Surinam bark.
1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 290 Of Surinamina. This alkali was discovered in 1824, by M. Overduin, in the bark of the Geoffroya Surinamensis. 1852W. Gregory Handbk. Org. Chem. 366 Surinamine and Jamaicine are two alkaloids, found in Geoffrœa Surinamensis and G. inermis. 1943Holland carries On (Netherlands Information Bureau, N.Y.) 27/1 The Surinamers are..far from being moulded..into a real national community. 1963H. Mitchell Europe in Caribbean xii. 119 Instruction is modelled on that of the Netherlands, where many Surinamers complete their studies. 1969Atlantic Monthly Nov. 48/3 The border confrontation gave the Surinamers something new to talk about. 1976Daily Times (Lagos) 26 Aug. 24/3 The black Surinamers (the former Dutch Guyanese in South America) could live with, and tolerate, the Indians, Japanese, Lebanese Jews, Ameri-Indians, Caribs, Arowaks and a salad of cultures over the century. |