| 释义 |
drawback, n. and a.|ˈdrɔːbæk|
[f. vbl. phr. to draw back: see draw v. 78.]
A. n.
†1. One who draws back or retires. Obs.
1618Bolton Florus (1636) 101 Fabius..got the nickname, to be called, The Draw-backe, or Cunctator.
2. a. An amount paid back from a charge previously made; esp. a certain amount of excise or import duty paid back or remitted when the commodities on which it has been paid are exported; originally, the action of drawing or getting back a sum paid as duty.
1697Luttrell Brief Rel. IV. 200 For a drawback of the duty on exportation thereof. 1729Swift Grand Quest. Debated 21 In poundage and drawbacks I lose half my rent. 1775Burke Corr. (1844) II. 23 To move for the account of the duties paid on tobacco imported; and also for an account of the drawback, when exported. 1874Bancroft Footpr. Time xi. 269 All imported goods are entitled to drawback whenever they are taken out of the United States. 1883Law Rep. 11 Q. Bench Div. 567 The balance in hand..shall be equally divided amongst the shareholders pro ratâ per share by way of drawback.
b. Bookselling. A rebate of the paper tax given under certain conditions to the King's printers and the Oxford and Cambridge University presses. Hist.
1796(title) The Poems of Ossian... Printed for A. Strahan and T. Cadell: And sold by T. Cadell Jun. and W. Davies...MDCCXCVI (Drawback). 1797(title) An Historical Essay on the Ambition and Conquests of France...London. Printed for J. Debrett..1797. (Drawback.)
3. A deduction, a diminution.
1753Hogarth Anal. Beauty i. 15 An unnecessary weight, which would have been a draw-back from his strength. 1818W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. LXXXV. 395 A little draw back is made from this panegyric. 1837–9Hallam Hist. Lit. I. ii. 1 §39. 121 The want..was a very great drawback from the utility of their compilations.
4. Anything that retards progress or advance, or that takes from or diminishes success or satisfaction; a hindrance, disadvantage.
1720Humourist 59, I have..as a Drawback upon my Ambition, laid aside my Silver Buckles. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) I. xiii. 80 Daughters were but incumbrances and drawbacks upon a family. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. iv. (1856) 32 Our little vessel pursued her way without drawback. 1865Merivale Rom. Emp. VIII. lxvii. 284 Roman citizenship had its drawbacks as well as its advantages. 1875Scrivener Lect. Text N. Test. 6 A serious drawback to our enjoyment.
5. A movable piece or core in a mould used in iron-founding.
1843, etc. [see false core (false a. 17 a)]. 1875[see core n.1 8]. 1960Laing & Rolfe Man. Foundry Practice Cast Iron (ed. 3) iv. 90 When patterns are bedded in the floor, there is rarely more than one joint. Many devices are used to avoid a second, one method being the use of drawbacks.
B. adj. That is, or has to be, drawn back: draw-back lock, a door-lock the bolt of which can be drawn back by a knob or catch inside.
1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 23 The Draw-back Spring. 1801W. Bullock in Trans. Soc. Arts XIX. 290 An improved Drawback Lock for House-Doors. 1866Timmins Industr. Hist. Birmingham 87 Drawback locks..resemble dead locks, except that the bolt springs and is worked by a brass knob on the inside. |