| 释义 |
▪ I. drier, dryer|ˈdraɪə(r)|
[f. dry v. + -er1. The analogical spelling is drier, but dryer is app. more frequent in the technical applications in 2 and 3.]
One who or that which dries.
1. a. A thing that removes moisture.
1528Paynell Salerne's Regim. Q iv b, Olde dry nuttis are greate driers. 1686Goad Celest. Bodies i. ii. 6 Wind is a Dryer, even as Frost a Cooler. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters II. 73 Salt is justly deemed a drier. 1892Pall Mall G. 11 Oct. 7/2 The sun and air are good enough driers.
b. A person engaged in drying. Chiefly in combination, as fruit-drier. Also with up.
1881Instr. Census Clerks (1885) 64 Woollen cloth manufacture:..Drier. Ibid. 82 Cardboard and pasteboard making:..Dryer. 1889F. E. Gretton Mem. Harkback xii. 207 As many [hop] plantations are being gathered in about the same time, the drier has his hands full all at once. 1916Blunden Harbingers 24 When the dryer in his oast Had loaded up his lattice-floors. 1941M. Treadgold We couldn't leave Dinah vi. 99 She took full possession of the sink and Mick leaned up against the table, waiting to fulfil his function as Dryer-up-in-Chief with the dish-cloth. 1944A. Thirkell Headmistress vi. 135 Captain Hornby was an excellent drier-up and Elsa was secretly much impressed by his demanding a washleather to finish off the spoons.
2. A substance mixed with oil-paints, oils, inks, etc., to make them dry quickly.
1840Penny Cycl. XVII. 145/2 To all paint a little sugar of lead, or litharge (dryers), should be added to make it dry quick. 1859Gullick & Timbs Paint. 208 All dryers..have in some degree a pernicious influence on colours. 1882Encycl. Brit. XIV. 677/2 By slow degrees a proportion of ‘dryers’ is added [to linseed oil]. 1940Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) IV. 91/1 The modern method is to heat the oil by means of closed steam coils..while the driers are employed in the soluble form. 1951R. Mayer Artist's Handbk. Materials iii. 157 Driers or siccatives are metallic salts combined with materials such as oils or resins which mix with the usual paint and varnish ingredients. 1958T. Landau Encycl. Librarianship 113/2 Drier, a substance used in printing inks to expedite drying by evaporation.
3. a. (dryer) A mechanical contrivance or apparatus used to remove moisture; a desiccator.
1874Knight Dict. Mech., Dryer, 1. The heated tables or cylinders which expel the moisture from the just-formed paper, in the machine. 2. The oven which evaporates the moisture from ceramic work. 1890Kew Bulletin 145 Gibbs' Patent Tea Dryer..is suitable for drying corn, coffee, manure, hops, brewers' grains and fruit.
b. spec. A hair-drier.
1937Hemingway To have & have Not iii. xviii. 253 He put a net over it wet and put me under the dryer. 1955Punch 27 Apr. 531/1 Clamped down under a drier in the Hairdressing Salon. 1961B.S.I. News Sept. p. 27 The term ‘hair dryer’ includes the flexible cord and connectors supplied with the dryer. The dryers are classified into the three following types: a. Earthed dryers b. Double-insulated dryers and c. All-insulated dryers. 1961A. Wilson Old Men at Zoo ii. 106, I was under the drier when this girl started on about it.
4. A substance that dries (quickly or slowly).
1886Longm. Mag. VII. 379 Olive oil never dries, or at least is the worst drier known.
Hence ˈdrierman, ˈdryerman, a man whose business it is to manage some drying process; ˈdriery, ˈdryery, a drying establishment.
1880Daily Tel. 24 Feb., Paper makers.—Two dryermen. 1886Pall Mall G. 5 Oct. 13/2 The largest and finest peaches going to the cannery..the rest to the dryery.
▸ dryer sheet n. chiefly N. Amer. = fabric softener sheet n. at fabric n. Additions.
1978Chicago Tribune 21 Dec. vi. 8 (advt.) Cling Free *Dryer Sheets..$1.49. 1993A. Dacyczyn Tightwad Gaz. ii. 17/2, I asked Jim ‘How come we don't use dryer sheets?’ Jim replied, ‘We don't use our dryer!’ Air-dried clothing is so stiff it couldn't possibly cling.
▪ II. drier, driest
comp. and sup. of dry a. |