| 释义 |
duality|djuːˈælɪtɪ|
Also dualty.
[ad. F. dualité (14th c.), ad. late L. duālitās, f. duālis dual.]
1. The condition or fact of being dual, or consisting of two parts, natures, etc.; twofold condition.
c1400Test. Love ii. Chaucer's Wks. (1561) 306 b/1 This dualitie, after Clerkes determission, is founden in euery creature, bee it neuer so single of onhed. 1575Laneham Let. (1871) 54 Wheat and barly, peaz and beanz, meat and drinke, bread and meat, beer and ale, appls and pearz. But least by such dualiteez I draw you too far: let vs heer stay, and cum neerer home. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. x. §2 (1622) 299 Dualitie is nothing but a composition of two vnities. 1781Cowper Lett. (1887) 83 The solitude, or rather the duality of our condition, at Olney. 1887Whitaker's Almanac 437 In the Austro-Hungarian empire duality extends to the annual budget. 1892Westcott Gospel of Life 176 Zarathustra himself seems to have taught a certain duality in the one Divine Being.
†2. The holding of two benefices together. Obs.
1619Brent tr. Sarpi's Counc. Trent (1676) 714 Plurality of Benefices is forbid, and dualty granted when one is not sufficient. Ibid. 738. 1634 Canne Necess. Separ. (1849) 156 Dispensations given..for non-residents..dualities, trialities, pluralities. 1647J. Berkenhead Assembly Man (1662–3) 8 He is not against Pluralities, but Dualities.
Add:[1.] b. principle of duality Math. [tr. F. principe de dualité (J. V. Poncelet 1827, in Bull. des Sciences Mathématiques VIII. 117)]: in projective geometry, the principle that any statement concerning points and lines is true if and only if the statement dual (see *dual a. 3 a) to it is true. Also transf.
1873J. Booth Treat. New Geom. Methods I. p. xi, That the principle of Duality should not have been discovered by the great geometers of Ancient Greece is..remarkable. 1940J. L. Coolidge Hist. Geom. Methods i. v. 96 The principle of duality appears at the outset, and is carried through consistently; much of the work is printed in double columns. 1970O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing i. 29 With these theorems and the principle of duality..complex expressions in Boolean algebra can sometimes be reduced to a simpler form. |