| 释义 |
Swedish, a. and n.|ˈswiːdɪʃ|
Also 7 Swethish, 8 Sweedish.
[f. Sweden or Swede n. + -ish1, after G. schwedisch, MDu. swedesch, sweets(ch), Du. zweedsch.]
A. adj. Of or belonging to Sweden or the Swedes; native to or living in Sweden, or of Swedish descent.
Swedish clover: = alsike. Swedish coffee: see coffee n. 4 b. Swedish drill, Swedish gymnastics, Swedish movements, a system of muscular exercises as a form of hygienic or curative treatment. Swedish exercises = Swedish drill; also fig. Swedish feather: see feather n. 14. Swedish glove: see suede. Swedish massage, a system of massage combined with manipulation of the joints and muscles, first devised in Sweden; hence Swedish masseur, (fem.) -euse, one trained in the practice of Swedish massage. Swedish modern = Danish modern s.v. Danish a. (cf. Scandinavian a. 2). Swedish nightingale, the thrush nightingale, Daulias philomela; also misapplied to the redwing. Swedish turnip = Swede n. 3. Swedish work, a kind of hand-weaving: see quot. 1882. Also in reference to iron obtained, or processes of iron manufacture introduced, from Sweden.
1632(title) The Swedish Discipline, Religiovs, Civile, and Military. 1652[see feather n. 14]. 1656Act Commw. c. 20 Rates (1658) 469 Iron Amys, Spanish, Spruce, and Swethish, the Tun 16 00 00. 1738Gentl. Mag. Nov. 594/1 Lord and Master of the Swedish Nation. 1756F. Home Exper. Bleaching 164 There would appear..a greater difference than this, betwixt the Swedish ashes, if that is the true process. 1786Grose Milit. Antiq. I. 165 Rests thus armed [with spikes, etc.], were called swines or Sweedish feathers, and were contrivances preceding the use of the bayonet. c1791Encycl. Brit. VIII. 761/1 The ruta baga, or Swedish turnip, is a plant from which great expectations have been formed. 1799Malthus Diary 27 July (1966) 191 The son-in-law told us that a Norway lap must not go into Sweden, nor a Swedish lap come into Norway. 1819Scott Leg. Montrose ii, I was often obliged to run my head against my old acquaintances, the Swedish feathers, whilk your honour must conceive to be double⁓pointed stakes, shod with iron at each end, and planted before the squad of pikes to prevent an onfall of the cavalry. Ibid. xi, The Captain..whistled a Swedish retreat. 1852Burn Naval & Milit. Dict. (1863), Swedish ship, craïer. 1879E. P. Wright Anim. Life 235 The Swedish Nightingale (Daulias philomela) does not occur in Great Britain. 1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework 466 Swedish Work, a kind of weaving much practised in Sweden... It is worked in a small frame, shaped like a comb, and with two sets of threads to form the woof, while the warp is made by a thread wound upon a very thin shuttle. 1884[see nightingale1 1 b]. 1884W. H. Greenwood Steel & Iron 130 It is not unusual to find Swedish pigs whose fracture presents a skin of..chilled iron. Ibid. 233 The Lancashire Hearth or Swedish Finery. 1885‘Mrs. Alexander’ Valerie's Fate i, A many-buttoned, tawny Swedish glove. 1890Billings Med. Dict., Swedish bitters, compound tincture of aloes. Swedish gymnastics, a system of exercises..in which active and passive movements are combined with massage. 1896Times (weekly ed.) 16 Feb. 126/4 A poniard..a ‘knuckle⁓duster,’ and a so-called Swedish knife. 1899tr. Wide's Handbk. Med. Gymnastics Pref. p. v, The whole civilized world..honours not only the master but also the land to which he [sc. P. H. Ling] belonged by its general adoption of the term ‘Swedish Gymnastics’. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 605 Galvanism, shampooing and Swedish movements. 1908Animal Managem. 109 Alsike,..sometimes called Swedish clover, is often grown instead of the red varieties. 1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 8 Apr. 5/2 (Advt.), Swedish Massage, Medical Sick-Gymnastic, Electric Vibrations... Above treatments highly recommended by leading physicians. 1911Swedish masseur [see opsonist]. 1912‘Saki’ Unbearable Bassington vii. 124 A sporting cat..watching the Swedish exercises of a well-spent..mouse. 1916J. Lewis Swedish Drill Illustr. 3 A Swedish Drill lesson. 1923Wodehouse Inimit. Jeeves xi. 123 If she had knocked off starchy foods and done Swedish exercises for a bit, she might have been quite tolerable. 1948A. H. Rutt Home Furnishing (ed. 2) xiii. 217 Swedish Modern is a favorite style which successfully combines native, Classical, Empire, and Modern ideas. 1958‘S. Marlowe’ Second Longest Night iii. 26 The living-room was Swedish modern..with black lacquered pieces and high-grained white ash. 1959A. Glyn I can take it All ii. 30 ‘But you live in—’ I was going to say Helsinki, but I remembered..that she was a Swedish Finn ‘—in Helsingfors?’ 1966J. Mitford in McCall's Mar. 190/2 A splendid Swedish masseuse..rubs you all over with cream. 1970D. Bagley Running Blind vii. 156 The room was decorated in that generalized style known as Swedish Modern. 1975C. Young Massage ii. 16 In the beginning of the nineteenth century a Swedish fencing master, Peter Henrik Ling, introduced a system of movement that consisted of massage and exercises... This method..became the basis for..Swedish massage. 1979J. Tate tr. Martenson's Death calls on Witches v. 33 Her parents were Swedish-Americans.
B. n. The language of Sweden.
1605Verstegan Dec. Intell. Ep. to Nation, High, Low, and Eastlandish Teutonic, together with respect vnto the dependant Danish and Swedish. 1605,1841[see Norwegian B. 2]. |