| 释义 |
swine|swaɪn|
Pl. swine. Forms: sing. and pl. 1–4 swin, 1–6 swyn, 4–5 suyn, 4–7 swyne, (4 suine, swiyn, squine, Ayenb. zuyn, 4–5 squyne, 5 swyyn, swyyne, sweyne, sqwyne, 6 suyne, swyin, swyen, 7 sweyn, shwine), 5– swine. pl. in -s. 5 swynes, 6, 8–9 swines.
[Common Teutonic: OE. swín str. n. = OFris., OS., MLG. swîn, MDu. swijn, (NFris. swinn, EFris. swin, WFris. swyn, LG. swien, Du. zwijn), OHG., MHG. swîn, (G. schwein), ON. svín, (Sw. Da. svin), Goth. swein:—OTeut. *swīnom, neut. of adj. formation with suffix -īno- (cf. L. suīnus, OSl. svinъ swinish, and see -ine suffix1) on the root of L. sūs, Gr. ὗς, and sow n.1
The orig. use may have been either generic or restricted to the young of the swine; for the latter cf. Goth. gaitein, OHG. geiȥȥîn young goat, kid, cogn. w. OE. gǽten of goats, L. hædīnus of kids:—Indo-eur. *ghaidīno-, f. ghaid- goat.]
1. a. An animal of the genus Sus or family Suidæ, comprising bristle-bearing non-ruminant hoofed mammals, of which the full-grown male is called a boar, the full-grown female a sow; esp. the common species Sus scrofa, domesticated from early times by Gentile nations for its flesh, and regarded as a type of greediness and uncleanness. (Now only literary, dialectal, or as a generic term in zoology, etc., being superseded in common use by pig or hog: see these words.)
(a) sing.c725Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) S 700 Suis, swin. a1000Riddles xli. [xl.] 105 (Gr.) Mara ic eom & fættra, þonne amæsted swin. a1122O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1085, Ne an cu ne an swin næs belyfon. a1200Moral Ode 143 in O.E. Hom. I. 169 Swines brede is swiðe swete, swa is of wilde dore. c1205Lay. 468 Al swa þat wilde swin þ̶ wroteð ȝeond þan grouen. a1225Ancr. R. 128 Ase swin ipund ine sti uorte uetten. a1300Cursor M. 26751 (Cott.) Þai sal yow vp on balkes lift Als suine [Fairf. squine] þat ar to salting tift. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12342 By a mykel fir he sat, Rostyng a swyn gret & fat. a1440Sir Degrev. 1398 Sche brouȝt fram the kychene A scheld of a wylde swynne. 1535Coverdale 1 Macc. i. 47 To offre vp swynes flesh and other vnclene beastes. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. Induct. i. 34 Oh monstrous beast, how like a swine he lyes. 1634Milton Comus 53 Circe..Whose charmed Cup Whoever tasted, lost his upright shape, And downward fell into a groveling Swine. 1682Shadwell Lanc. Witches ii, Coursing had gotten me a woundy stomach, and I eat like a Swine. 1780Cowper Love of World Reproved 3 There is a part in ev'ry swine No friend or follower of mine May taste. 1799S. Freeman Town Off. 58 He found a swine going at large in the town.
(b) pl.c888ælfred Boeth. xxxvii. §4 He bið anlicost fettum swinun þe syle willað licgan on fulum solum. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 37 Ðet oref þe þis dear waneð beð shep & reðeren & get & swin. a1300Cursor M. 4711 [Þai] soght þam rotes, als þe suine. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxix. (Placidas) 319 He..al his bestiale sleu in hy,..assis, mulis, schepe & swyne. 1421Cov. Leet Bk. 27 We commaund þat no man haue no Swyne goyng in the hyȝe streit. c1452Termes of Venery in J. Hodgkin Proper Terms 56/2 Sundyr of wylde Swyne, Dryfte of Tame Swyne. 1528Roy Rede me (Arb.) 113 There is grountynge of pigges and swyne With lowynge of oxen and kye. 1562Leigh Surv. (1577) F iv b, Neither maie Geese or Swine haue common, but by the lordes sufferaunce. 1671Milton P.R. iv. 630 Thee and thy Legions, yelling they shall flye, And beg to hide them in a herd of Swine. 1796W. H. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. II. 222 Of Swine, Somersetshire appears still to persevere in the old white breed. 1846Youatt Pig 24 Swine are the most prolific of all domesticated animals. 1870Morris Earthly Par. iv. 296 The rooting swine Beneath the hedge-row oak-trees grunt and whine.
β1483Caxton G. de la Tour G j, His Swyneherd, he that kept his swynes. 1551in Strype Eccl. Mem. (1721) II. ii. v. 285 Beeves, muttons, veals, swines. 1738[G. Smith] Cur. Relat. II. 421 When Swines continue longer than ordinary in the Mire. 1759Brown Compl. Farmer 41 Young shoots, which are swines of about three quarters of a year old. 1850H. Melville White Jacket I. xv. 93 Some of you chaps haven't no more manners than so many swines!
b. In proverbial and allusive expressions, and in fig. context.
c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. vii. 6 Ne ᵹe ne wurpen eowre meregrotu toforan eo wrum swynon. c1175Lamb. Hom. 135 Ne sculen ȝe nawiht ȝimstones leggen swinen to mete. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 3680 Þou sest Mahoun ne Apolin Be nouȝt worþ þe brestel of a swin. c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 647 And stolen were hise lettres pryuely Out of his box whil he sleep as a swyn. 1390Gower Conf. II. 360 The servantz lich to drunke Swyn Begunne forto route faste. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 342 b, A swyne to teache Minerua, was a prouerbe [etc.]. 1560in Maitl. Club Misc. III. 210 That lecherous Swyne the Byschop of Rome (quhai hais rutet wp the Lordis wyneyard sa far as in him wes). 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. ii. 91 Fire enough for a Flint, Pearle enough for a Swine. 1590Greenwood Collect. Sclaund. Art. G j, We sayd you shall finde it..a pyg of that Swyne. 1598Shakes. Merry W. iv. ii. 109 'Tis old, but true, Still Swine eats all the draugh. a1600Montgomerie Misc. P. xxx. 42 (Laing MS.) Lat me nocht sleip in sleuth, In stinkand sty with sathanis sinfull suyne. 1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 683 A certaine Sorbonist, then a popish bishop..a swine out of the same stie. 1761Brit. Mag. II. 440 The tricks of old Circe deter us from Wine, Tho' we honour a Boar, we won't make ourselves Swine. 1821Scott Kenilw. xix, He that does me not reason is a swine of Sussex, and I'll make him kneel to the pledge, if I should cut his hams, and smoke them for bacon.
2. fig. Applied opprobriously to a sensual, degraded, or coarse person; also (in mod. use) as a mere term of contempt or abuse.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 263 Mannis lawis hav distemperid kynde of men, and turned hem into swyn. c1384Chaucer H. Fame iii. 687 Ye maisty Swyne ye ydel wrechhes. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas i. xi. (MS. Bodl. 263) 51/2 How that this swyn..This Thiestes, afftir Europa Lay bi his douhter callid Pellopia. 1531Tindale Expos. 1 John ii. 13–17 (1537) 42 Lechery..maketh a man altogether a swyne. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, v. ii. 10 This foule Swine Is now euen in the Centry of this Isle. 1842Browning Soliloquy Sp. Cloister ix, Gr-r-r—you swine! 1891Farrar Darkness & Dawn xxxviii, I shall be butchered to amuse these swine. 1907H. Wyndham Flare of Footlights xxxv, The swine might have had the decency to have made up his alleged mind a bit sooner.
b. Of a thing: = pig n.1 1 c. slang.
1933Dylan Thomas Let. Oct. (1966) 31 This method of letter writing..is very satisfying, but it's a swine in some ways. 1938N. Marsh Artists in Crime iii. 38 ‘It's a swine of a pose, Miss Troy.’ ‘Well, stick it a bit longer.’ 1967K. Giles Death in Diamonds ii. 41 The Inspector groaned. ‘Could be heroin. That's a swine.’ 1976H. MacInnes Death Reel iii. 19 This car's..a swine to drive at slow speeds.
3. = swine-fish: see 5.
1844W. H. Maxwell Sports & Adv. Scot. xv. (1855) 143 The ‘wolf-fish’, here ‘swine’, (anarhichas lupus of Linnæus).
4. Obvious Combinations: attrib., as swine-bristle, swine-fat, swine-flesh, † swine-greun [groin n.2, snout], swine-leather [cf. G. schwein(s)leder], swine-market, † swine-pork, swine-trough, etc.; adj. = swinish, as in swine enjoyment, swine security; objective, etc., as swine-buyer, swine-catcher, swine-dealer, swine-eater, swine-keeper, swine-keeping; swine-eating adj.; swine-like adj. and adv.; parasynthetic (similative), as swine-faced, swine-headed, swine-mouthed, swine-snouted adjs.; occas. with swine's, as † swine's-faced.
c1440Alphabet of Tales 396 Þe harys on his browis war lyke *swyne-brustyls. 1831Carlyle Sart. Res. iii. i, Working on tanned hides, amid pincers, paste-horns, rosin, swine-bristles, and a nameless flood of rubbish.
1707Lond. Gaz. No. 4318/4 Richard Wells, of Ingoldsby in Lincolnshire, *Swinebuyer.
1835App. Munic. Corpor. Rep. iv. 2652 (Congleton) The *swine-catcher, levying 1s. upon each vagrant pig.
c1592Marlowe Jew of Malta ii. i, These *swine-eating Christians.
1742Young Nt. Th. v. 14 Wit..lifts our *swine-enjoyments from the mire.
1595Enq. Tripe-wife (1881) 150 The pudding house, Where *swine facde beautie onely sate in pride. 1596Nashe Saffron Walden Wks. 1905 III. 134 Two or three sturdie Plow-men (such as his swines fac't bluecoate was). 15971st Pt. Return fr. Parnass. i. i. 281 What an unmanerlie microcosme was this swine-faced clowne.
1922Joyce Ulysses 468 Her odalisk lips..smeared with salve of *swinefat.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. i. (Bodl. MS.), *Swyne flesche and schepe flesche is better rosted þan sode. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) ix. 36 Þe Sarzenes also bringes furth na grysez, ne þai ete swyne flessch. 1884J. Tait Mind in Matter 189 The Jews..prohibited from using swine-flesh.
1691Ray N.C. Words 138 *Swine-greun, a Swines snout.
1710Sibbald Hist. Fife 53 *Swine-headed and mouth'd and backed. 1922Swineheaded [see dog n.1 19 c].
1508Dunbar Flyting 130 Sueir swappit swanky, *swynekeper ay for swaittis.
1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iv. ii. 38 A hundred and fiftie totter'd Prodigalls, lately come from *Swine-keeping.
1409in Beverley MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm. 1900) 100 Calf-lethyr, *swyn-lether.
1575–85Abp. Sandys Serm. 156 Let vs not *swinelike returne to wallowe in that slime againe. 1604Jas. I Counterbl. to Tobacco (Arb.) 106 Olde drunkards thinke they prolong their dayes, by their swinelike diet. 1624Quarles Job xix, In Pleasure's sincke, he takes a swinelike Pleasure. 1888Pall Mall G. 26 May 11/1 Creatures more swine-like than human.
1467–8Rolls of Parlt. V. 603/2 A Strete called *Swynemarket. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. (1637) 441 Rumford, the glory whereof dependeth on a swine mercat.
1456Sir G. Hay Gov. Princes Wks. (S.T.S.) II. 157 Sum man luxurious as a *swyne pork, and sum chaste as a turtur dowe.
1633Ford Broken H. iii. ii, To one that franks his lust In *swine-security of bestial incest.
1887Morris Odyssey x. 239 And *swine-shape they had, and the voice..of the boar.
1840Longfellow Sp. Student i. iv, I tell you this is nothing but Vino Tinto of La Mancha, with a tang of the *swine-skin.
1592Nashe P. Penilesse Wks. 1904 I. 169 Hee will..sonnet a whole quire of paper in praise of Lady *Swin-snout, his yeolow-fac'd Mistres. 1900W. Archer tr. Ibsen's When we dead Awaken i. 14 Lop-eared, low-browed dog-skulls, and fatted swine-snouts.
1602Breton Wonders worth Hearing Wks. (Grosart) II. 8/1 Squinte eyed, *Swine snouted, wry bodyed, and splay footed.
1579Fulke Heskins' Parl. 124 Let him resorte to M. Heskins' *swyne-trough. 1616Deacon Tobacco Tortured 57 The Swil bols swine-troffe. 1619in Ferguson & Nanson Munic. Rec. Carlisle (1887) 278 Keping of swine troughes in the hye streyt. 1827Scott Chron. Canongate ii, They come, with the prodigal son, to the husks and the swine-trough.
1559Richmond Wills (Surtees) 135 One *swyne tubbe.
5. a. Special Combinations (also with swine's): swine-back, (a) a convex or arched back like that of a swine (= hogback 1); (b) in Coal-mining = hogback 2 b, horse-back 4; swine-backed |-bækt| a., having a back like that of a swine; spec. in Archery, having a convexly curved outline (opp. to saddle-backed); swine-badger = hog-badger (hog n.1 13 c); swine-chopped a., of a hound: having the lower jaw projecting forward of the upper one; so swine-chop, a malformation of this kind; swine-crew (crue), -cruive dial. [crew n., cruive], a pigsty; † swine-drunk a. [cf. ON. svíndrukkinn], excessively drunk, beastly drunk; so † swine drunkenness; swine erysipelas, an infectious, sometimes fatal, disease of pigs, caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiæ, and characterized by fever, reddish spots on the skin, and general debility; swine-eyes, eyes like those of a swine, which cannot be directed upwards; swine fever, a name for two infectious diseases of swine (produced by different bacteria), distinctively called hog-cholera, chiefly affecting the intestines, and swine-plague, chiefly affecting the lungs (see below); swine-fish, the wolf-fish, Anarrhichas lupus, so called from the movement of its snout; swine flu = swine influenza below; † swine-garth, an enclosure for swine, a pigsty; swine-girl, a girl who tends swine; swine-grease (see swine's grease below); swine-hound slang rare, tr. G. schweinehund schweinehund (quot. in Mil. context); swine influenza, an infectious virus disease of pigs, esp. young ones, characterized by fever, coughing, and difficulty in breathing; also, influenza in man caused by the same (or a closely related) virus; swine('s)-head, a swinish or self-indulgent person; † swine-hog = hog n.1 1; † swine-house [cf. ON. svínahús], a building in which swine are kept; hence † swine-housegarth, an enclosed piece of ground containing such a building; swine-hulk, -hull dial. [hulk n.1, hull n.1 4 b], a pigsty; † swine-louse, a woodlouse, hog-louse, or sow-bug; swine-meat dial., food for swine, hog-wash; swine-oat local (see quot.); swine('s)-penny local (see quots.); swine-plague, an infectious disease of swine, resembling but distinct from hog-cholera (see swine fever above); swine's back, local name for a narrow hill-ridge (cf. hogback 2 a); † swine-seam = swine's-grease; † swine's evil = scrofula; swine's grease (occas. swine-grease) now dial., the fat of a swine, lard; swine-shott, † -shoute dial. [shoat2], a young pig; swine-skeel dial., a tub for hog-wash; † swine-sought = swine-pox 2; † swine's-pike Mil. = swine's feather; † swine's pudding = hog's pudding; † swine's-stead, a building in which swine are kept; swine vesicular disease, an infectious virus disease of pigs (similar to foot-and-mouth disease) characterized by mild fever and blisters round the mouth and feet; † swine-wroting, a place in which swine root. (See also swine's feather.)
1675Lond. Gaz. No. 976/4 A..bay Nag, with a Blaze down his Face, a *Swine-back. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining, Swine-back (S.W.). See Horses. Ibid., Horses or Horsebacks, natural channels cut, or washed away by water, in a coal seam, and filled up with shale and sandstone. Sometimes a bank or ridge of foreign matter in a coal seam.
1545R. Ascham Toxoph. (Arb.) 133 The *swyne backed fashion, maketh the shaft deader. 1710[see swine-headed in 4]. 1890Doyle White Company xxxiv, It has been my wont to choose a saddle-backed feather for a dead shaft, and a swine-backed for a smooth flier.
1768Pennant Brit. Zool. I. 66 Naturalists once distinguished the badger, by the names of the *swine-badger, and the dog-badger; from the supposed resemblance of their heads to those animals.
1962Times 9 June 11/4, I have seen..puppy show prizes awarded to young hounds with *swine-chop.
1930Kipling Thy Servant a Dog 20 Moore-man lifted Ravager's head and opened his mouth... ‘Look, m'lord. He's *swine-chopped.’ 1965D. Moore Bk. Foxhound ii. 29 The forehead and nose merge invisibly, giving always a rather stupid expression, and sometimes accompanying a swine-chopped mouth.
1669–81*Swine-crue [see crew n. 1].
1501Extr. Aberd. Regr. (1844) I. 70 That al the tovn be devoyen of *swn croffis. c1575[see cruive 2]. 1616Reg. Privy Council Scotl. X. 559 Hiddin in swyne crooves and middingis.
1592Nashe P. Penilesse Wks. 1904 I. 207 The third [stage] is *Swine drunke, heauy, lumpish, and sleepie, and cries for a little more drinke. 1601Shakes. All's Well iv. iii. 286 Drunkennesse is his best vertue, for he will be swine⁓drunke.
1547–64Bauldwin Mor. Philos. (Palfr.) 124 Of all other most odious is *swine drunkennesse, wherewith both the body & soule is deformed.
1898M. M. Hayes tr. Friedberger & Fröhner's Vet. Pathol. 72 *Swine erysipelas (or swine measles)..is a specific septicæmia produced by a minute bacillus. 1922A. T. Kinsley Swine Practice xii. 338 Swine erysipelas is an infective disease of swine characterized by a high temperature, cerebral disturbances and discoloration of the skin. 1970W. H. Parker Health & Dis. in Farm Animals x. 141 A disease which can easily be confused with swine fever is swine erysipelas.
1872Jefferies Toilers of the Field (1892) 323 Curses on our insular *swine-eyes that could not see it.
1898Daily News 15 Sept. 3/2 Provided..that the swine are not in a *swine-fever infected place.
1863Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. III. 289 The Sea Wolf, Sea Cat, or *Swine-fish.
1921Wallace's Farmer 25 Feb. 371/1 So-called ‘*swine flu’, a name which, while it became quite popular thru its association with the human disease, is nevertheless a misnomer, is primarily a bronchitis. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 21 Aug. 2/2 The swine-flu insurance bill was signed by President Ford, clearing the way for mass inoculations in about six weeks. 1981Sci. Amer. Oct. 46/2 Epidemiologists determined..that recipients of the swine-flu vaccine were developing Guillain-Barré syndrome at a rate several times the usual one.
1459–60Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 88 Pro mundacione de le *Swynegarth.
1886C'tess E. Martinengo-Cesaresco Ess. Study Folk-Songs 199 The *swine girl went up to the mountain top and sang and sang.
c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 341 He seyde, thou Iohn, thou *swynesheed awak. 1819Keats On C. A. Brown ii, He 'sdeigned the swine-head at the wassail-bowl.
1548Durham Wills (Surtees) I. 12, ij *swyn houggs x s. 1601in W. Jackson Cumbld. & Westmoreld. Papers (1892) I. 155 Item a swyne hogge xii s.
1916‘Boyd Cable’ Action Front 245 ‘Sulky, eh, my *swine-hound!’ said the officer. ‘But I think we can improve those manners.’
1576E. Worsely Surv. Mannor Felsted, Essex 150 (MS.) To repaire and maintaine..the lord's hoggs-cote or *swinehouse. 1675Hobbes Odyssey (1677) 168 As many swine-houses replete with swine.
1466–7Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 91 Pro operacione et emendacione pavimenti..in le *swynhousgarth.
14..Metr. Voc. in Wr. Wülcker 626/1 Ara, stye, or a *swyne holke.
1566in Leader Rec. Burgery Sheffield (1897) 15 Hughe Storey for a smythye and a *swyne hoowle iij s. 1674Ray N.C. Words 47 A Swinhull or Swine-crue, a Hogs-stye. 1807R. Anderson Cumberld. Ball. 145 To the sweyne-hull hie an' swat thee.
1922Jrnl. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. LXI. 178 We must be able to differentiate between hog cholera, necrotic enteritis,..broncho⁓pneumonia or *swine influenza, and many others. 1935Lancet 11 May 1123/2 It seems to me..exceedingly probable that the virus of swine influenza is really the virus of the great [influenza] pandemic of 1918 adapted to the pig and persisting in that species ever since. 1969C. W. Schwabe Vet. Med. & Human Health (ed. 2) vii. 216/2 Swine influenza was not known before the human influenza pandemic of 1918. 1976Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Mar. 1/1 Ontario residents probably will be vaccinated against a deadly swine influenza virus, Alan Backley, Ontario's deputy health minister, said yesterday.
1585Lupton Thous. Notable Th. (1675) 50 Little worms with many feet (of some called *Swine-lice).
1583Durham Wills (Surtees) II. 78, j other tubbe, for *swine meat 12 d.
1819Rees Cycl. XXXIV, *Swine-Oat,..a particular kind of oat, which is cultivated for the use of pigs..in some parts of Cornwall..the naked oat, or avena nuda.
1610Holland Camden's Brit. 550 The Roman Emperours coine: which because swine many times rooting into the ground turne up with their snouts, the country people [at Littleborough] call *Swines-penies. 1723W. Stukeley in Mem. (Surtees) III. 149 Many coyns found in one field towards that bridg [at Littleborough]. They call 'em Swine⁓pennys.
1891Billings Med. Dict. *Swine plague.., an acute, epidemic, contagious, and usually fatal disease of swine, with..rapid and labored respiration, and sometimes diarrhœa.
1826W. A. Miles Deverel Barrow 15 On its ridge [sc. a range of chalk], or to use a more common term, on the *swine's back, is a cluster of tumuli.
1562–3Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. XI. 248 Item, for *swyne same.. iij li. iiij s.
1528Paynell Salernes Regim. R j, By *swynes yuell is vnderstande inflasion vnder the chynne about the throte. 1584Cogan Haven Health cx. (1636) 111 A plaster made of figges..are good for the swines evill.
a1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula, etc. 11 Ane emplastre of maluez & *swynes grese. 1463–4Compota Domest. (Abbotsf. 1836) 45, xij petrarum de Swynegrece. 1530Palsgr. 278/2 Swynes grease, sayn de pourceau; gresse de porc. 1600Surflet Country Farm ii. xlviii. 307 This roote roasted and stamped with olde swines grease, and applyed to the cornes of the feet.
1581Durham Wills (Surtees) II. 35, v *swyne shoates. 1901Trotter Galloway Gossip 332 (E.D.D.) Stots, an hoggs, an swine-shotts.
1559Richmond Wills (Surtees) 135 One *swyne skele.
1483Cath. Angl. 375/1 Þe *Swynsoghte, porrigo.
1638Ward Animadv. Warre i. cclxxxi. 393 (heading) The Description of an Instrument, invented by King Henry the fifth, at the Battell of Agincourt, and since used by the King of Sweden, and by him called a *Swines-Pike. 1639Ibid. ii. 90 These Shot ought to have each man his Swines-Pike at his girdle, to stick down against the Horse.
1647Trapp Comm. Mark vii. 3 Sometimes they wear a sausage or a *swines-pudding in place of a silver or gold chain.
1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 645/1 A delighte to keepe his sayde howse neate and cleanlye, which nowe being..rather *swynes-steades then howses, is the chiefest cause of his soe beastly manner of life.
1972Guardian 16 Dec. 1/8 The outbreaks of suspected foot-and-mouth disease in the Midlands have turned out to be a rare virus which affects only pigs. Its new name, invented by the Ministry of Agriculture yesterday, is *swine vesicular disease. 1981Vet. Rec. 30 May 468/3 The relative decline in the number of cases of swine vesicular disease this year suggests that the campaign against the disease is achieving worthwhile results.
c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 798/30 Hic scrobs, a *swynwrotyng.
b. In names of plants, usually with swine's (cf. hog n.1 13 d, pig n.1 14 b, sow n.1 8 b): swine-arnot Sc., the marsh betony, Stachys palustris; swine-arnuts Sc., tall oat-grass, Avena elatior; swine('s) fennel, finkle, Peucedanum officinale, also called hog's fennel and sow-fennel (sow n.1 8 b); swine's snout (see quot. 1863); swine's succory (see succory 2); swine('s) thistle dial. = sow-thistle 1. (See also swine's cress, swine's grass.)
1812Souter Agric. Surv. Banffs. App. 38 If it [sc. the land] be pestered with quicken, *swine-arnot or other such spreading roots.
1777Lightfoot Flora Scot. (1789) I. 105 Avena elatior..Tall Oat-Grass. Anglis. *Swines Ar-Nuts, or Earth-Nuts. Scotis.
c1400MS. Laud 553 lf. 11 Feniculus porcinus is an herbe þt me clepitth *swynesfenel or wormeseed. 1529Grete Herball cccxxx. S v b/1 Peucedane is an herbe or wode called dogfenell or swynefenel.
1842Browning Soliloquy Sp. Cloister ii, What's the Latin name for ‘parsley’? What's the Greek name for *Swine's Snout? 1863Prior Pop. Names Brit. Plants 222 Swine's snout, L. rostrum porcinum, from the form of the receptacle, the dandelion.
a1500Gl. Harl. 3388 in Sax. Leechd. III. 346/2 *Swines thistell, sonchus oleraceus. 1796Nemnich Polygl.-Lex., Swine thistle, the sow-thistle. 1824Mactaggart Gallovid. Encycl. 104 s.v. Burr-thristles, There are five kinds of thistles common in Scotland—the burr or horse thristle; the corn thristle; the moss thristle; the swine thristle; and the Scotch thristle. |