| 释义 |
▪ I. switching, vbl. n.|ˈswɪtʃɪŋ|
[f. switch v. + -ing1.]
1. A beating with a switch; a flogging; the striking of an object with a switch.
a1625Fletcher Fair Maid Inn i. iii, The switching him duld him [sc. a horse]. 1658Osborn Jas. I, Index, Wks. (1673) 23 A Character of Philip Earl of Mongomery; How patiently he took his Switching by Ramsey at Croydon. 1866Morn. Star 20 Aug. 5/2 If he chooses to profit by the switching which he has received he will make for himself a deservedly great reputation. 1888Burgon Lives 12 Gd. Men II. xii. 377 The signal..being the switching of his bedroom window-pane with a long wand. 1904S. E. White Forest xiv, You stumble, you break through the bush, you shut your eyes to avoid sharp switchings.
2. Angling. (See switch v. 3.)
1867F. Francis Angling ix. 285 Switching..is a species of cast that is made when there are high banks or rocks at the angler's back, so that he cannot send his line behind him. 1893J. Grant in Westm. Gaz. 25 Feb. 8/1, I can cast a long line overhead, yet by switching I can cast farther.
3. The trimming of a hedge, etc. by cutting off projecting branches or twigs.
1812Sir J. Sinclair Syst. Husb. Scot. i. 44 Hedges..ought to be cut into the shape of what is called a hog-main, i.e. brought to a point along the top, and preserved in that form by yearly switching. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 563 Switching consists of lopping off straggling branches that grow more prominently from a hedge than the rest.
4. a. Shunting of railway trains, etc.; connexion or disconnexion (switching on or switching off) of electric circuits; also fig.: see switch v. 6–8.
1889[see switch n. 3 b]. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. IV. 146 This switching off of the skin from its connection with the respiratory and placing it in relation with the portal system. 1898Hamblen Gen. Manager's Story xii. 175 When I got there, I found four hours' switching..to get my train together.
b. Changing or transferring from one position to another; exchanging.
1904‘No. 1500’ Life in Sing Sing 253/1 Switching, transferring; passing to another. 1957Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. 1956 xxvi. 40 Precision would thus require us to distinguish three stages in diffusion: (1) switching, the alternate use of two languages, [etc.].
c. Stock Exchange. The purchase (or sale) of one stock, and the sale (or purchase) of another stock, at a stipulated price difference.
1932Literary Digest 30 Jan. 49/1 (title) ‘Switching’ in a bear market. 1936Economist 1 Feb. 248/2 The available evidence suggests that ‘switching’ has not greatly affected the past year's results. Some trusts..have increased their American holdings. 1960Ibid. 15 Oct. 288/3 Buying in the gilt edged market increased..and demand from both home and continental buyers, including some switching and investment buying, remained high. 1981Times 18 Aug. 18 The shares managed a 16p rise..with heavy switching from the ordinary into the NV.
5. attrib. and Comb.: spec. (a) used in switching hedges, etc., as switching-bill, switching-knife; (b) used in or for shunting on a railway, as switching-engine or switching-locomotive, switching-eye (see quot. 1884), switching-ground; switching yard = switchyard a, s.v. switch n. 9; (c) used for connecting electric circuits, as switching-plug; pertaining to the switching of electrical apparatus or electronic devices, as switching centre, switching circuit, switching speed, switching station, switching theory, switching time. Also switching angle Gunnery, the angle between the lines of fire of the directing gun when the latter is brought to bear on the left of the new target.
1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm I. 224 He handles the small cutting-axe and switching-knife with the force and neatness with which a dragoon wields his sabre. Ibid. II. 563 This operation is performed with the switching-bill. 1871Darwin Desc. Man II. xiii. 64 The Scolopax Wilsonii of the United States makes a switching noise whilst descending rapidly to the earth. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Switching-engine, a yard-engine, or donkey-engine, used about a station or depot for making up trains or moving engines which have not steam up. 1882Sun 14 May 6/6 A large freight-engine with tender..had been at switching work. 1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl., Switching Eye (Railway), a cast-iron socket on the corner of a freight-car, to which a chain or push-bar may be applied by an engine on an adjoining track. Switching-in Plug (Electricity), a plug having its two brass sides insulated from each other by a strip of hard rubber [etc.]. 1894Daily Ardmoreite (Ardmore, Okla.) 28 Mar. 1/8 There came very near being a disastrous collision..in the upper switching yards of the Santa Fe. 1897Kipling Capt. Cour. viii. 179 The familiar noise of a switching-engine coughing to herself in a freight-yard. 1907Bethell Mod. Guns & Gunnery 173 For large angles..the switching angle must be calculated or measured..with the field plotter. 1939H. J. Reich Theory & Applic. Electron Tubes xii. 459 Two high⁓vacuum amplifier tubes..are alternately overbiased by the voltage drop through the anode resistors of the switching circuit. 1959J. M. Pettit Electronic Switching, Timing, & Pulse Circuits iii. 73 The switching speed of a triode in ordinary circuits is impaired by capacitances rather than by transit time of electrons in the tube. 1960McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XIII. 357/1 The bulk of switching theory is concerned with circuits made of binary (two-valued) devices, since these are most common. 1960R. S. Ledley Digital Computer & Control Engin. xxi. 697 The value of Rc can be estimated by means of considerations concerning the switching time of the core, the time τ required to switch or flip a core. 1962B.B.C. Handbk. 113 The EBU is responsible for the coordination of the programme, legal, and technical aspects of Eurovision, and operates the switching centre in Brussels. 1968Switching station [see feeder 10 a]. 1969Jane's Freight Containers 1968–69 116/3 Progress has been made in reducing the time cars spend in switching yards. 1973Times 30 Oct. 1/2 Engineers who man power stations and switching centres will refuse to turn out if a breakdown or other difficulty arises while they are off duty. 1977Sci. Amer. Sept. 212/3 Switching theory, which was developed to help design the relay-operated switching networks of automatic telephone systems, provided guides that enabled a designer to formulate a network with the minimum number of relays for accomplishing some given logical operation. 1978Ibid. Mar. 61/2 (caption) Supervisory and switching circuits in the central office connect the two sets for the conversation and disconnect them when the call is over.
▪ II. ˈswitching, ppl. a.
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
That switches; striking as or as with a switch.
switching neck (U.S.): a name for the Louisiana heron.
18..Medwin Suggestions during Hot Weather i. in Sotheran's Catal. Apr. (1907) 58 Armed with a switching, cutting Rod. 1891Auk Jan. 77 (Cassell's Suppl.) Ardea tricolor ruficollis (Gosse). Louisiana Heron. ‘Switching Neck.’ |