| 释义 |
earthwork|ˈɜːθwɜːk|
[f. earth n.1 + work n.]
1. A bank or mound of earth used as a rampart or fortification. Not in 18th c. Dicts.
1633T. Stafford Pac. Hib. xv. (1821) 385 The Enemy had ground sufficient..to cast up new Earth workes. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 278 The remains of an ancient entrenchment..This earth-work was evidently once of considerable extent. 1863Kinglake Crimea (1877) III. iii. 340 The Russians had thrown up strong earthworks on the banks of the river.
2. The action or process of excavating (the bed of a canal, line of a railway, or other civil engineering work); the soil so cast up; embankment 3.
1831–3Encycl. Metropol. (1845) VIII. 247/1 The earth⁓work for a complete line of communication between Liverpool and Manchester. 1842Francis Dict. Arts, Earth-work, a term applied to cuttings, embankments, and all other works where earth is to be removed or collected together. a1854C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts II. 448/2 The inclination of the earth-works, whether for excavations or embankments, must be determined mainly by their height. 1862Chambers's Encycl. IV. 27/2 In the formation of canals, railways, and other roads, embankment and excavation go hand in hand, and, under the name of earthwork, form..a vast branch of industry. 1899Daily News 8 Mar. 7/1 The wretched earthwork labourers..would be earning from 2½ to 4 piastres per day near their own homes. 1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 30 Apr. 1/7 Considerable heavy rock work here presents itself, as well as a fair amount of medium earthwork. 1955Times 30 June 13/5 It is easy to forget that the gigantic earthworks of the railway age..were performed in the main by spade and barrow, horse and cart. |