| 释义 |
ebullition|ɛbʌˈlɪʃən|
Forms: 6 ebullycion, ebulicion, -ition, 6–7 ebolition, 7 ebulliction, 7– ebullition.
[ad. L. ēbullītiōn-em, f. ēbullīre (see ebullioscope), whence OF. ebullicion, Sp. ebulicion, It. ebullizione, ebollizione. The earlier Eng. forms are prob. from Fr.]
1. The process of boiling, or keeping a liquid at the boiling point by the application of heat; the state of bubbling agitation into which a liquid is thrown by being heated to the boiling point. In first quot. perh. (etymologically) the process of extracting by boiling.
1594Plat Jewell-ho iii. 16 When you haue gotten out by ebulition the full strength & vertue. a1681tr. Willis' Rem. Med. Wks. (1681) Voc., Ebullition, a boiling up. 1791Hamilton Berthollet's Dyeing I. i. i. v. 76 Galls are almost totally soluble in water by long ebullition. 1792Phil. Trans. LXXXII. 403 Ebullition is that state of a liquid in which steam is continually formed within itself. 1831Brewster Nat. Magic xii. (1833) 302 Fluids of easy ebullition. 1842G. P. Scrope Volcanos (1862) 30 This body of lava is evidently at such times in igneous ebullition.
†b. Pathol. A state of agitation in the blood or ‘humours’ due to heat; formerly supposed to be the cause of the action of the heart, and when morbid to give rise to febrile and inflammatory disorders. Obs.
1547Boorde Brev. Health lxxiii. 21 b, It maye come of..ebullycion of the lyver. 1623Hart Arraignm. Ur. ii. 7 The ebullition or concoction of blood. 1647Lilly Chr. Astrol. xliv. 263 [Mars] being the cause of a Feaver..shewes ebolition or a boyling of the humours. 1710T. Fuller Pharm. Extemp. 20 Scorbutick Ale..restraineth the Ebullition..of the Vapourous Blood. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Ebullition of the Blood..in medicine a term used by some of the old writers.
2. transf. A state of agitation in a liquid resembling that produced by boiling heat; rapid formation of bubbles, effervescence.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 197 Copper, which is dissolved with lesse ebullition. 1686W. Harris Lemery's Course Chym. ii. xxi. 602 The ebullition which happens between acid and alkali. 1727Bradley Fam. Dict. I. s.v. Euphorbium, Spirit of Nitre and that of Vitriol, penetrate the same, without Ebullition. 1822J. Imison Sc. & Art. II. 109 Muriatic acid does not act upon copper except in a state of ebullition.
3. The action of rushing forth in a state of agitation or boiling; said of water, and transf. of fire, lava, etc. (In quot. 1599 humorously of tobacco-smoke.)
1599B. Jonson Ev. Man out Hum. iii. iii. 44 The practice of the Cuban ebolition, Euripus, and Whiffe. 1660Stanley Hist. Philos. (1701) 166 The fiery ebullitions of ætna. 1683Pettus Fleta Min. ii. s.v. Boyling, This ebolition or plawing [of a spring]. 1692Ray Discourses ii. v. (1732) 269 The Ebullition and Volutation of the melted Materials. 1759B. Martin Nat. Hist. Eng. I. 381 The ebullitions of this Spring are very remarkable. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. (1875) I. ii. xix. 448 A great ebullition of gas took place. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. xxiv. 356 Ebullition is converted into explosion.
4. fig. A sudden outburst or boiling or bubbling over:
a. of war or civil commotion.
1534Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. (1546) B viij, The ebulicion and mouyng of cyuyll warres. 1665Manley Grotius's Low-C. Warrs 11 The Law, which kept under the violent ebullitions of their power. 1878W. F. Napier Penins. War I. 31 After the first ebullition at Manresa, the insurrection of Catalonia lingered awhile.
b. of passion; also, of fancy, sentiment, etc.
1638Sanderson Serm. II. 109 The ebullitions of those lusts that war in our members. 1655H. Vaughan Silex Scint. i. (1858) Pref. 9 The obvious ebullitions of that light humour which takes the pen in hand..to be seen in print. 1758Johnson Idler No. 79 ⁋5 Such faults may be said to be ebullitions of genius. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 339 These ebullitions of jealousy. 1816J. Scott Vis. Paris App. 293 A slight ebullition of French flattery. 1841D'Israeli Amen. Lit. (1867) 325 A revolutionary reform breaks out with an ebullition of popular feelings.
Hence ebuˈllitionary a., of the nature of an ebullition.
1830Black in Fraser's Mag. I. 287 The saline particles have been added to the ebullitionary agitation. |