| 释义 |
ectoplasm|ˈɛktəʊplæz(ə)m|
[Gr. πλάσµα something moulded or formed.]
1. (See quot.)
1883J. E. Ady in Knowl. 15 June 355/2 Its [Amœba's] jelly-like body becomes faintly parcelled out into an outer firm (ectoplasm) and an inner soft (endoplasm) layer.
2. A viscous substance which is supposed to emanate from the body of a spiritualistic medium, and to develop into a human form or face.
a1901F. W. H. Myers Human Personality (1903) II. 548 In describing..imperfectly aggregated ectoplasms we have already touched on the next class, that of quasi-organic detached ectoplasms. 1922Daily Mail 2 Dec. 13 Frederick Munnings-Gaulton..prominent as a medium..appears to have been an adept at producing ‘ectoplasm’. 1923Ibid. 5 Mar. 5 Ectoplasm..is described as being to the touch ‘a cold and viscous mass comparable to contact with a reptile’. 1926A. Conan Doyle Hist. Spiritualism I. v. 114 The ectoplasm pictures photographed by Madame Bisson and Dr. Schrenck Notzing..may in their first forms be ascribed to the medium's thoughts or memories taking visible shape in ectoplasm. 1926J. Laird Our Minds & their Bodies 1 Those hearers look for photographic evidence of ‘auras’ and ‘ectoplasms’. 1953X. Fielding Stronghold ii. i. 105 Each bearded pallikari..glared angrily from his frame as though emerging from an ocean of ectoplasm.
So ectoˈplasmic, ectoˈplastic adjs.; ectoˈplasmically adv. Also fig.
1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 583 Two cells..separated..by an ectoplasmic layer..of protoplasm. 1885Encycl. Brit. XIX. 834/1 Ectoplastic products in which the material produced by the protoplasm is separated from it. 1900G. C. Bourne Introd. Comp. Anat. Anim. 109 The cell-protoplasm..has given rise to substances which..are formed on the outside of the cell as a sort of envelope..in which case they are called ectoplastic products. a1901F. W. H. Myers Human Personality (1903) II. 549 Utterance may be referable to an ectoplastic throat as distinctly as grip to ectoplastic fingers. 1923S. De Brath tr. Richet's Thirty Years Psychical Research i. ii. 12 In this book..will be found two chapters on each variety of phenomena,..whether the matter in hand concerns..the movement of objects (telekinesis), or materializations (ectoplasmic forms). 1926A. Conan Doyle Hist. Spiritualism I. xii. 259 The mediumship of the Eddy brothers..has probably never been excelled in the matter of materialization, or, as we may now call them, ectoplasmic forms. 1926C. E. M. Joad Babbitt Warren 116 Ectoplastic mediums, quack doctors and inspired clairvoyants. 1927S. De Brath tr. Geley's Clairvoy. & Material. 175 It seems to me desirable to substitute for ‘materialization’ the term ‘ectoplasmic form’. 1952M. McCarthy Groves of Academe (1953) v. 84 Mulcahy's rather ectoplasmic voice effused itself into Furness's ear. 1954Koestler Invisible Writing iv. xxxvii. 400 As I read on, I had the impression of meeting the Doppelgaenger, the spectral doubles of Rubashov and Ivanov—a ghostly, ectoplastic regurgitation by reality of the characters and events of my imagination. 1960Spectator 29 July 176 He had always evaporated, ectoplasmically, and swirled on. |