| 释义 |
syntactic, a. and n.|sɪnˈtæktɪk|
[ad. mod.L. syntacticus, ad. Gr. συντακτικός, f. συντάσσειν: see syntax and -ic.]
A. adj.
1. = syntactical. Also Comb., as syntactic-semantic adj.
1807R. Kirwan Logick iv. i. 531 We learn to ascertain the relation of these different parts to each other, according to the syntactic rules peculiar to each language. 1816P. S. Duponceau Let. 31 July in Trans. Hist. & Lit. Comm. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1819) I. 402 As I have given to the Chinese and its kindred dialects, the name of asyntactic, the opposite name, syntactic, appears to me that which is best suited to the languages of the American Indians. 1848Dickens Dombey xi, The pursuit of stony-hearted verbs, savage noun-substantives, inflexible syntactic passages. 1852Blackie Stud. Lang. 7 The grand fundamental types of verbal flexion, and syntactic dependence. 1902F. E. Clements in Univ. Studies Nebraska III. 19 Syntactic composition is the union under a single accent of two words, one being merely a modifier of the other and in the case demanded by this relation. 1972G. Lakoff in Language XLVIII. 291 Anaphora..is a syntactic-semantic phenomenon which can, and must, be specified independently of lexical idiosyncrasies. 1978Archivum Linguisticum IX. 79 We will assume that if such commensurability could be established, we would have strong evidence for the existence of a syntactic-semantic component in our overall grammar, rather than separate syntactic and semantic components.
2. Exhibiting or characterized by syntaxy; syntactic foam, a plastic foam made by introducing small hollow spheres into a liquid matrix which then solidifies.
1955Sci. News Let. 2 Apr. 213/3 Called ‘syntactic foam’, by its developer, the Bakelite Company of New York, the new lightweight material is produced by bonding microscopic hollow spheres made of phenolic resin together with phenolic, epoxy or polyester resins. 1970Adv. Chem. Ser. XCII. 150 Syntactic foams..consist of a dispersion of small hollow glass spheres in a continuous phase or matrix. 1974Petroleum Rev. XXVIII. 675/1 Syntactic foam blocks attached to the top of the frame produce a slight positive buoyancy. 1975C. A. Harper Handbk. Plastics & Elastomers vii. 44 Syntactic foams, like syntactic crystalline polymers, are characterized by their high degree of order or structure.
B. as n. pl. (const. sing.). Linguistics. C. W. Morris's term for that branch of linguistics which is concerned with the formal relations of signs to each other.
1937[see pragmatic n. 4]. 1938C. W. Morris in Internat. Encycl. Unified Sci. I. ii. 14 Syntactics is, then, the consideration of signs and sign combinations in so far as they are subject to syntactical rules. 1941A. Tate in Southern Rev. VI. 636 The role of syntactics in the semiotic science remains somewhat obscure; it seems to consist in a number of ‘transformation rules’—that is, in formulas by which given expressions in words, numbers, or symbols can be changed into equivalent but formally different expressions. 1945[see intra-linguistic s.v. intra- 1]. 1964E. A. Nida Toward Sci. Transl. iii. 35 While semantics deals with the relationship of symbols to referents, syntactics is concerned with the relationship of symbol to symbol; for the meaning of expressions is not to be found merely in adding up symbols, but also in determining their arrangements, including order and hierarchical structuring. For example, the constituents black and bird, when occurring in juxtaposition, may have two quite different meanings. 1969[see pragmatic n. 4]. |