| 释义 |
▪ I. eight, a. and n.|eɪt|
Forms: α. 1 ahta, eahta, æhte, 2 ehte, (Orm.) ehhte, 3 æhte, eahte, 3–5 eyȝt(e, eiȝ-, eih-, eyhte, (3 eȝte, eyth), 4–6 eyght(e, (4 eheit, heyt, eyt, ȝit(t, 5 eght, eyȝthe), 6– eight. β. 3–5 acht, aght, aȝt(e, aht(e, Sc. auht(e, 5 Sc. awcht, 4– Sc. aucht, 6– Sc. aught.
[Com. Teut. and Aryan: OE. ahta, eahta, æhte, Northumb. æhto, = OFris. achta, achte, acht, OS. ahto (Du. acht), OHG. ahto (MHG. ahte, mod.G. acht), ON. (*ahta) átta (Sw. åtta, Da. otte), Goth. ahtau; cf. L. octo, Gr. ὀκτώ, OIr. ocht, Lith. asztůnì, Skr. ashtáu.]
The cardinal numeral next after seven, represented by the symbols 8 or viii.
A. as adj.
1. a. In concord with n. expressed.
Beowulf 2075 (Th.) Heht ða..eahta mearas..on flet teon. a1000Menologium 95 (Gr.) Þæs emb ahta and niᵹon Dogera rimes. 1070O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) Turold abbot and æhte siþe twenti Frencisce men mid him. c1200Ormin 4327 Rihht ehhte siþe an hunndredd. a1225Ancr. R. Pref. 23 This an Boc is todealet in eahte lesse Boke. 1297R. Glouc. (1810) 385 As in þe ȝer of grace a þousend ȝer yt was And four score & eyȝte. a1300Cursor M. 188 He heled on al vnfere Þat seke was thritte and aht yeir. 1375Barbour Bruce xi. 523 Aucht hundreth armyt, I trow, thai weir. c1425Wyntoun Cron. vi. viii. 104 Aucht hundyr wynter and seventy. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon 210, I shall make them to be accompanyed of eyghte erles. 1513–75Diurn. Occurr. (1833) 10 In the year of God jm. vc. twantie aucht yeiris. 1541Elyot Image Gov. (1549) 80 In eight the first yeeres of his empire. 1631Milton Epit. Mchness. Winchester 7 Summers three times eight save one She had told. a1758Ramsay Poems (1844) 83 Twa times aught bannacks in a heap. 1735Pope Prol. Sat. 182 The Bard..strains from hard-bound brains, eight lines a year. 1885Ball Story of the Heavens 146 An interval of eight years.
b. (an) eight days = a week.
c1160Hatton Gosp. John xx. 26 Efter ehte [c 1000 eahta] daᵹen hys leorning-cnihtes wæren inne. 1340Ayenb. 45 Naȝt uor ane monþe ne to eȝte dayes: ac ine one zelue day. 1611Bible Luke ix. 28 About an eight dayes after these sayings. 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 194 Eight Days after, prick them forth at distances.
2. a. With ellipsis of n., which may usually be supplied from context.
c1205Lay. 26502 Þer achte þer niȝene. a1225Ancr. R. 334 Al þene world, bute eihte i þen arche. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 331 Þis meyny of aȝte I schal saue of monnez saulez. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 84 Þe date was a þousand & fourscore & auhte. c1340Cursor M. 1927 Ȝou ȝitt haue I forborn..My brode benesoun I ȝou ȝyue. c1425Wyntoun Cron. vii. x. 521 For awcht or ten In comowne prys sawld wes þen. c1460Towneley Myst. 13 We, acht, acht, and neyn, and ten is this. 1588A. King tr. Canisius' Catech. 161 b, Our Lords beatitudes.. ar rakened aught in number as follouis. 1864Tennyson Aylmer's F. 638 Eight that were left to make a purer world.
b. esp. With omission of hours; as eight o'clock, etc.
1598Shakes. Merry W. iii. iii. 210 Let him be sent for tomorrow, eight a clocke to haue amends. 1601― Twel. N. v. i. 205 His eyes were set at eight i'th' morning. 1710Steele Tatler No. 263 ⁋1, I went to see him..about Eight a Clock in the Evening. Mod. We breakfast at eight.
c. Prosody. in eight and six (four, etc.): in lines alternately consisting of those numbers of syllables. See B. 2 d.
1590Shakes. Mids. N. iii. i. 25 It shall be written in eight and sixe.
†d. piece of eight (reals): the Spanish ‘dollar’ or ‘piastre’ (Sp. pieza de á ocho). Obs. exc. Hist.
1699Temple Ess. Constit. & Int. Empire Wks. 1731 I. 111 Crying up the Pieces of Eight. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. (1744) II. 129 At Rambang I bought a cow..for two Pieces of Eight. 1790Beatson Nav. & Mil. Mem. I. 163 The Salisbury..took a Spanish ship, with one hundred and fifty thousand pieces of eight on board. 1883R. L. Stevenson Treasure Isl. 225 Pieces of eight.
3. Coupled with a higher cardinal or ordinal numeral following, so as to form a compound (cardinal or ordinal) numeral.
1579Fulke Heskins' Parl. 485 The eight and fortieth Chapter abideth in the exposition of the same text. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 259 Every year, upon the eight and twenty day of August, they observe a solemn feast. 1832Marryat N. Foster xxii, D—n your eight-and-twenties!
B. as n.
1. The abstract number eight.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxxi. (1495) 922 One doo to seuen makyth the nombre of eyghte. 1808Wilford in Asiat. Res. VIII. 289 Seven is a fortunate number among the Hindus: eight among the Baudd'hists.
2. A set of eight persons or things.
a. Card-playing. A card marked with eight pips.
1598Florio, Otto, the number of eight, an eight vpon the cards. 1680Cotton Compl. Gamester in Singer Hist. Cards 341 Then he plays his eight of hearts.
b. The crew of a rowing boat, consisting of eight oarsmen; a boat for eight oarsmen. the Eights: boat-races at the University of Oxford and elsewhere between the boats of the different colleges, which take place in the Summer Term. Hence Eights Week.
1847Illust. Lond. News 28 Aug. 142/1, I rowed in a fairish ‘eight’. 1871M. Collins Mrq. & Merch. I. i. 6 He..could not be persuaded to be one of the University eight. 1890Pall Mall Gaz. 27 May 6/1 (Oxf. Notes), Tomorrow the eights week will come to an end. 1898S. Le Blanc-Smith in W. A. Morgan The ‘House’ on Sport 302 It is more difficult to obtain eight such men than to obtain four, added to which the eight being the heavier boat..greater rigidity is necessitated in the thowl-pin. 1908Daily Chron. 21 May 4/6 Oxford has every right to distinguish her annual inter-college races..as ‘The Eights’. 1911Beerbohm Zuleika D. vi. 81 Isn't it a lovely day for the Eights? 1955Times 6 June 7/7, I noticed in your issue of May 30 your Eights Week chart... You record a double overbump... I should like to know whether this feat has ever been accomplished before in Eights? Ibid. 25 July 3/6 Beaumont College, who won their juniors at Molesey a week ago, followed it up by winning the junior-senior eights. 1962Ibid. 13 Feb. 4/6 They have offered to build a racing eight by the hot⁓moulded effort.
c. Bibliography. in eights: an expression indicating the number of leaves in a sheet of an early printed book.
1858Lowndes Bibliogr. s.v. Caxton, It [the Cronicles] terminates on the recto of Y 6 in eights. 1883Gregor in Rolland's Crt. Venus Introd. 31 It is a quarto, and consists of A to I in eights. c1884Brit. Mus. Cat., Sarum Primer (1538) Register: sigs. A–T, in eights, except T which has four leaves.
d. Metre. in eights: in lines of eight syllables. So in eights and sixes (fours, etc.): in alternate lines of those lengths. Chiefly said of hymns.
3. The figure (8) representing this number; hence anything in the form of an 8; esp. a figure made on the ice in skating. Also figure (of) eight; sometimes attrib.
1607Dekker Knts. Conjur. (1842) 15 All our courses are but figures of eight. 1842Tennyson Epic 10 Cutting eights that day upon the pond. 1851Sir F. Palgrave Norm. & Eng. I. 626 The thrice-repeated eight, the eight hundred and eighty and eight. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 1 What is a figure of eight knot used for? 1876A. Arnold Persia in Contemp. Rev. June 42 One is surprised to see a European cutting figures of eight upon frozen pools. 1887Cornh. Mag. Mar. 255 They danced a figure 8 chain.
4. Slang phr. one over the eight: one alcoholic drink too many. (Cf. one numeral a., etc., 1 d.)
1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 88 One over the eight, one drink too many. Slightly intoxicated, the presumption being that an average ‘moderate’ man can safely drink eight glasses of beer. 1928Daily Express 3 Aug. 7/4 Luton magistrate: What does he mean by ‘one over the eight’? (‘A glass too many’?)
C. Comb., as eight-angled, eight-celled, eight-manned, eight-oared, eight-rowed, eight-sided, eight-spoked, eight threaded, eight-wheeled adjs.; combined with ns. forming adjs. of dimension, etc., as eight-bore, eight-inch, eight-line, eight-ounce, eight-penny; eight-bearer, eight-company, eight-dog; eight-pointer [pointer 10], eight-wheeler, eight-yarder; eight-day adj.; eight-coupled a., having eight coupled wheels; eight-day clock, a clock that goes for eight days without winding up; eight-foil Her. (see quot.); eight-oar a. (of a boat), manned by eight rowers; also as n.; eight-shaft, a kind of corded fabric; eightsman, one of the crew of an eight-oar. (Eight pence is almost always written as one word, usu. without hyphen.)
1656W. Dugard Gate Lat. Unl. 155 A Dye, four-square though six-sided, and *eight angled.
1908Westm. Gaz. 17 Dec. 7/2 An *eight-bearer yellow chair.
1874J. W. Long Amer. Wild-Fowl Shooting 23 For flight-shooting, an *8-bore [gun] is as large as is advantageous, and a 10 is sufficiently small.
1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 521 The neck appears to form..an *eight-celled rosette.
1900Daily News 26 June 3/5 An *eight-company battalion.
1893English Mechanic 14 Apr. 181/1 (heading) *Eight-coupled goods engines. 1903Westm. Gaz. 3 Oct. 7/3 One of the standard eight-coupled goods engines. 1904C. S. Lake Locomotive 60 Goods engines with eight-coupled wheels.
1741Richardson Pamela IV. xiii. 77 Being wound up..once a Week, like a good *Eight-day Clock. 1836Dickens Sk. Boz ii, He took to pieces the eight-day clock. 1850Mrs. Browning Poems I. 293 An eight-day watch had watchëd she. 1866Howells Venet. Life xviii. 278 Little eight-day-old Venetians.
1876Coursing Calendar 56 An *eight-dog stake was added to the card in the evening.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 660 His patent locomotive engine, with two *eight-inch cylinders, weighs five tons. 1860All Y. Round No. 73. 548 The cost of an eight-inch cast-iron gun..is about a hundred pounds.
1847Gloss. Terms Brit. Her., Huit-foil, Eight-foil, or Double quatrefoil, an *eight leaved flower used as a mark of cadency for the ninth son.
1864Hazlitt Early Pop. Poetry IV. 19 In four *eight-line stanzas. 1874Knight Dict. Mech., Eight-line Pica. A type whose face has eight times the length of pica.
1897Daily News 3 Feb. 6/4 A woman riding one among seven men on an *eight-manned wheel.
1850Kingsley Alt. Locke xii. (1874) 105 An *eight-oar lay under the bank. 1862Sat. Rev. 15 Mar. 300 If Mr. Urquhart could persuade the Universities to substitute Turkish baths for eight-oars.
1874K. H. Digby Temple of Memory iii. 40 Their *eight oar'd races. Ibid. 41 Their eight-oar'd crew felt quite in Heav'n.
1886Outing (U.S.) VIII. 161/1 On one side an *eight-ounce rod, a thread of silk [etc.].
1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iii. iii. 119 A Trifle, some *eight-penny matter. 1678Lond. Gaz. No. 1348/4 Eight pieces of Eight-peny taffaty Ribon. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 135 Nails of sorts..8, 10, 24, 30, and 40-penny nails.
1909Daily Chron. 28 Sept. 4/5 A good *eight-pointer, weighing over 15 stone.
1838Mass. Agric. Rep. 1837 24 The Pickwacket corn, an early *eight-rowed variety. 1869Rep. Comm. Agric. 1868 (U.S.) 431 A small variety of eight-rowed corn. 1944Burpee's Seeds 26 If you want the best and sweetest for your table, it's true 8-rowed Golden Bantam.
1840L'pool Jrnl. 4 July 1/2 A great Stock of Fustians, in Beaverteens..*Eightshaft, Constitution, and other excellent Cords.
1823H. J. Brooke Introd. Crystallogr. 133 A series of double *eight-sided pyramids might result from class h, i, and k.
1882Standard 16 Mar. 2, I am, Sir, your obedient servant, An *Eightsman.
1884F. Krohn tr. Glaser de Cew's Magn. & Dyn.-electr. Mach. 33 The armature consists of an *eight-spoked wheel.
1696Bp. Patrick Comm. Ex. xxviii. (1697) 536 Some will have it that [Maschzar]..signifies *eightthredded Linen.
1906Daily Chron. 1 Mar. 7/2 *Eight-wheeled first and third-class carriages.
1904Westm. Gaz. 28 Dec. 3/1 A special mail train consisting of twelve *eight-wheelers.
1930Morning Post 17 June 14/7 He holed an *eight-yarder for a 2 at the sixth.
▪ II. eight
obs. form of ait.
1664Evelyn Sylva 42 Some do also plant Oziers in their Eights like Quick-sets, thick, and neer the water. |