| 释义 |
embolism|ˈɛmbəlɪz(ə)m|
[ad. L. embolismus, a. late Gr. ἐµβολισµός intercalation, f. ἐµβολή, ἔµβολος; cf. embole, embolus.]
1. Chronol.
a. The periodical intercalation of a day or days in the calendar to correct the error arising from the difference between the civil and the solar year. concr. A period of time so intercalated.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 259 Not þe ȝere of þe sonne, noþer of embolisme. 1596Bell Surv. Popery i. iii. iv. 107 To make embolismes and intercalations. a1638Mede Wks. iii. iv. 589 marg., Count the Embolism of 5 days. 1679Plot Staffordsh. (1686) 426 An Embolisme of 30 days or a full Month must needs be made somewhere this year. 1788Marsden in Phil. Trans. LXXVIII. 417 The year of the Mahometans consists of twelve lunar months..no embolism being employed to adjust it to the solar period. 1796Hutton Math. Dict. s.v. Embolismus. 1847 in Craig.
†b. attrib. (in quot. quasi-adj.). Obs.
1588A. King tr. Canisius' Catech. H. vij, Ane moneth..addit to yat ȝere..makis y⊇ same..to be callit embolisme.
†2. (nonce-use. See quot.)
1772Nugent tr. Hist. Friar Gerund I. 435 All he has written is a mere embolism or insertion of foreign and absurd matter.
3. a. Pathol. [cf. embolus.] (See quot.)
1855H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (1872) I. i. iv. 73 Embolism..a plugging up of an artery with coagulated blood. 1878T. Bryant Pract. Surg. I. 431 Embolism is a somewhat common affection and consists in the occlusion of a vessel.
b. Path. An obstruction in a blood-vessel; = embolus 2. air embolism: see air n.1 B. II.
1902Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 565/2 The small vessels are sometimes blocked by masses of organisms only, producing minute embolisms.
4. In the liturgies of various rites: a prayer occurring after (with partial repetition of) the Lord's Prayer, and before the Communion; = embolismus 2.
1720T. Brett Collect. Princ. Liturgies xl. 337 What follows the Lord's Prayer has been added since Gregory's Time, and is called by some of the Romanists themselves an Embolism or Interpolation. 1881Westcott & Hort N.T. in Orig. Greek II. App. 9/2 Various embolisms include other ascriptions of praise. 1883Encycl. Brit. XVI. 509/1 The ‘canon’..(except in the Nestorian liturgy) concludes with the Lord's Prayer and ‘embolism’. 1904Hart & Frere Rock's Ch. Fathers IV. ii. xi. 105 The Lord's Prayer was said as at the end of the Canon, with its bidding before it and its embolism after it. 1957Oxf. Dict. Chr. Ch. 449/1 Embolism, in the Roman Mass, the name given to the prayer..which begins ‘Libera nos quaesumus, Domine, ab omnibus malis’. .. Many E[astern] liturgies have a similar prayer at this point. |