| 释义 |
enrich, v.|ɛnˈrɪtʃ|
Forms: α. 4–6 enrych, 6 enriche, (enritch, Sc. enreache), 5– enrich. β. 6 inrych, 6–8 inrich(e.
[a. Fr. enrich-ir, f. en- (see en- prefix1) + riche rich.]
1. a. trans. To make rich, wealthy, or opulent. Also absol.
1382Wyclif Gen. xxx. 20 The Lord hath enrychide me with a good dower. c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. (1714) 142 He hath than enryched his Corowne with such Riches and Possessions, as never Kyng schal may take from yt. 1530Act 22 Hen. VIII, c. 8 §1 Denizens..after they be so inriched..convey themselves, with their said Goods, to their own Country. a1572Knox Hist. Ref. Wks. 1846 I. 398 Nor yitt to enreache the Crowne..with your substance. 1677A. Yarranton Engl. Improv. 61 Set all the poor in England at work, and much inrich the Country. 1732Berkeley Alciphr. ii. §2 Many men are enriched by all the forementioned ways of trade. 1838Emerson Addr. Camb. Mass. Wks. (Bohn) II. 191 Thefts never enrich; alms never impoverish. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xvii. 209 Enriching them in return with needles and beads.
b. refl. and (rarely) intr. for refl.
1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. xcii. [lxxxviii.] 273 Their desyre is euer to enryche and to haue all themselfe. 1549Cheke Hurt Sedit B i b, But and we beyng wery of pouertye woulde seke to enryche ourselues we shold go, etc. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 654 That they were able to enrich themselves by so odious a trade. 1880B. Price in Fraser's Mag. May 677 Enabling industry to expand and enrich.
2. fig. To make rich, endow, with mental or spiritual wealth.
1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) i. iv. 43 Sacerdotales the whiche is as moche for to saye as enryched and ennobled with holy mysteryes. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. lxxviii, Men specially enritcht with the gifts of the Holy Ghost. 1604Bk. Com. Prayer, For R. Family, Enrich them with thy heauenly grace. 1730Thomson Autumn 1353 Enrich me with the knowledge of thy works. 1838Wordsw. Sonn. to Planet Venus, Are we aught enriched in love and meekness?
3. a. To fill or store with wealth; to add to the valuable contents of.
1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 112 Enrich thy cofers. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, i. iii. 141 Till twice fiue Summers haue enrich'd our fields. 1601Holland Pliny II. 632 Italy..inriched with captaines, souldiers, and slaues. 1634Milton Comus 505 All the fleecy wealth That doth enrich these downs. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho i, Was enriched by a collection of the best books. 1831Sir J. Sinclair Corr. II. 347 Who is travelling to enrich the Zoological Museum.
b. fig. To increase the wealth or copiousness of (a language); to add to, improve (a science, etc.).
1598F. Meres in Shaks. C. Praise 21 The English tongue is mightily enriched. 1601Holland Pliny II. 537 Hee alone did illustrate and inrich it [sculpture] as much, if not more, than all his predecessors. 1664Power Exp. Philos. Pref. 18 Without inriching his discourse with any real Experiment or Observation. 1841D'Israeli Amen. Lit. (1867) 136 Chaucer has been accused of having enriched the language with the spoils of France. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 256 In that year [1679] our tongue was enriched with two words, Mob and Sham. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Lit. Wks. (Bohn) II. 113 Richard Owen has..enriched science with contributions of his own.
4. To make (the soil, etc.) rich in productive power; to fertilize.
1601Holland Pliny xvii. vi. I. 505 They have a great opinion of the same [Marle] that it mightily enricheth it [the ground] and maketh it more plentifull. 1622Wither Sonn. in Farr S.P. Jas. I (1848) 216 The hony, milky plaine, That is inricht by Jordan's watering. 1813Sir H. Davy Agric. Chem. (1814) 359 Substances, which in their use and decomposition must enrich the land.
5. To make ‘rich’ or splendid with decoration; often with added notion of costliness. Also fig.
1601Holland Pliny II. 456 The Gaules..were wont to goe to the wars brauely set out and inriched with gold. 1727Swift Gulliver i. ii. 34 The hilt and scabbard were gold enriched with diamonds. 1742Collins Eclog. iii. 3 While ev'ning dews enrich the glitt'ring glade. a1876J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. I. i. ii. 67 A lofty dome, the sides of which are enriched with agate.
6. a. To make ‘richer’ in quality, flavour, colour, etc.; to heighten, enhance (excellences).
1620Quarles Div. Poems, Jonah, When heaven's bright favours shone upon my face, And prosper'd my affairs, inrich'd my joyes. 1756P. Browne Jamaica 11 The sugar cane..requires abundance of vegetable mould to inrich its sap. 1849Kingsley Lett. (1878) I. 207 The green fern and purple heather have enriched the colouring since the spring. 1884W. C. Smith Kildrostan 46 You take a wild-flower And plant it in a garden to enrich Its life and beauty.
b. To raise (gas) to a required calorific value by the admixture of another gas.
1921Chem. Abstr. XV. 1070 The gas to be enriched enters through a pipe and..passes through an outlet provided with a metal grid. 1958Times 2 June p. iii/2 This gas is then enriched to the declared calorific value by the automatic addition of neat refinery gas.
c. To increase the abundance of a specific isotope in (a material); occas., to increase the abundance of (a specific isotope).
1945H. D. Smyth Devel. Methods of using Atomic Energy 130 Uranium which had already been partially enriched. 1949Atomics Oct. 66 The O18 isotope of oyxgen is being enriched by a factor of 100 at Harwell by a thermal diffusion plant. 1970Daily Tel. 13 Nov. 5/1 Russia has offered to enrich uranium for Sweden's boiling water reactors.
Hence enˈriched ppl. a.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 204 Temperately enrich'd Water, such as is impregnated with Neat and Sheeps-dung. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art I. 158 The Tudor flower..forms a most beautiful enriched battlement. 1936Physical Rev. XLIX. 404 The enriched sample [of carbon] may be removed for analysis. 1940Chambers's Techn. Dict. 136/2 Carburetted (or enriched) water-gas. 1945H. D. Smyth Devel. Methods of using Atomic Energy 22 Such proposed arrangements are usually called ‘enriched piles’. Ibid. 23 A chain reaction bomb in pure, or at least enriched, U-235 or plutonium. 1955Ann. Reg. 1954 393 A full scale reactor to generate electricity..was to use slightly enriched uranium as fuel. 1957Times 22 Aug. 4/4 Enriched uranium... Enriched nuclear fuel... Enriched fuel. 1970Daily Tel. 4 Nov. 5 Enriched uranium with a uranium-235 share of more than 20 per cent. is the material used in atomic bombs. |