| 释义 |
equipotential, a.|ˌiːkwɪpəʊˈtɛnʃəl|
[f. equi- + potential.]
†1. Of equal power or authority. Obs.
a1678Woodhead Holy Living (1688) 56 Not equipotential, or independent one of another.
2. Physics. Of points: In which the potential of a force is the same. Of lines, surfaces, etc.: In which the potential is constant at all points. equipotential function: one which expresses the conditions of equality of potential.
1865Brande & Cox Dict. Sci. (ed. 3) I. 804/1 Equipotential surface. 1879Encycl. Brit. VIII. 25/2 A surface constructed so that the potential at every point of it has the same value is called an equipotential or level surface. 1880Nature XXI. 361 A disk, through which an electric current was passing until two nearly equipotential points were found. 1880Athenæum 13 Nov. 644/1 Equipotential lines in a plate. 1881Maxwell Electr. & Magn. I. 14 When a potential function exists, surfaces for which the potential is constant are called Equipotential surfaces. 1882Minchin Unipl. Kinemat. 228 Equipotential and flow functions.
3. Biol. Of a germ or embryo: having equal potentialities (see quot. 1920). Hence ˌequipotentiˈality.
1908H. Driesch Sci. & Philos. Organism I. 83 Though ectoderm and endoderm have their potencies equally distributed amongst their respective cells, they possess different potencies compared one with the other. And the same relation is found to hold for all cases of what we may call elementary organs: they are ‘equipotential’, as we may say, in themselves, but of different potencies compared with each other. 1909J. W. Jenkinson Exper. Embryol. 282 This conception, of the absolute equipotentiality of the parts, as we have already had occasion to remark, is erroneous. 1920L. Doncaster Introd. Cytol. 118 It is maintained by Driesch and others that eggs of this type are equipotential systems, that is to say, they are not differentiated before fertilisation into regions of different potentiality, and any part of the egg is capable of giving rise to any part of the embryo. 1964M. Critchley Developmental Dyslexia xiii. 77 The frequent occurrence of cortical equipotentiality.
Add:B. n. Physics. An equipotential line, surface, etc.
1908J. H. Jeans Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. vii. 162 If any number of surfaces are fixed in position, and a given charge is placed on each surface, then the energy is a minimum when the charges are placed so that every surface is an equipotential. 1959[see Roche limit s.v. Roche n.4]. 1975D. M. Cook Theory Electromagn. Field iv. 114 That the electric field at the surface of a conductor is perpendicular to that surface now leads us to suspect that the surface of a conductor must be an equipotential. 1982Skitek & Marshall Electromagn. Concepts & Applic. vii. 191 This method will be applied to electrostatic problems where ρv = 0 and the boundaries are equipotentials. |