| 释义 |
▪ I. temse, n. Now dial.|tɛms, tɛmz|
Forms: 1 temes-, 4 temys, 5 temeze, tymze, 5–7 temze, tem(m)es, tempse (9 dial.), 7 temize, 7–9 tems, 5– temse; 9 dial. temmis, timse, teems.
[OE. *tęmes (in tęmes-pile, tęmesian), app. Common WGer.; cf. MLG. tēmes(e, temse, LG. téms (tams); MDu. têms(e, teems(e, Du. teems; EFris. têms(e, täms(e, NFris. tems; HG. dial. zims; all fem., meaning ‘sieve’; the cognate OHG. zemisa renders ‘furfures’, i.e. bran, siftings. These forms point to a Common WGer. *tamis(j)ô-, coinciding with the Romanic stem tamisio- of F. tamis, It. tamigio (Florio), med.L. tamisium (Du Cange), by many thought to be from WGer. A Celtic source has been conjectured, but Thurneysen finds no satisfactory Celtic root.]
1. A sieve, esp. one used for bolting meal; a searce, a strainer. In mod. local use esp. a sieve used in brewing.
[a1050Gerefa c. 17 in Liebermann Gesetze 455 Man sceal habban syfa..hriddel, hersyfe, tæmespilan (= temsing-staff), fanna.] 1362Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 566 Pro duabus temys emptis pro pistrina, ij s. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 633/4 Hoc taratantarum, temse. c1440Promp. Parv. 488/2 Temze, sive (K.,P. temse, syue, S. temeze), setarium. c1483Caxton Dialogues 38/22 Ghyselin the mande maker Hath sold..his temmesis to clense with [F. a vendu..ses tammis]. 1483Cath. Angl. 379/2 A Tempse (A. taratantorium). 1557in Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) I. 159 A borde wth ij trestes & ij temeses ijs viijd. 1612Capt. Smith Map Virginia 17 They use a small basket for their Temmes. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme 577 The boulter which is for this purpose must bee a course searse or a fine temze. 1674Ray N.C. Words 47 A Temse, a fine sierce, a small sieve..whence comes our Temse bread. 1725[see temms-maker in 2]. 1904Eng. Dial. Dict., Tems(e, teems, temes, temis, tempse, temz, timse [in various dialects, Roxb. to Lancash., Notts., Lincoln]... 3. A sieve used in brewing. W. Yks. Still common. Used when speaking of the strainer used in brewing to separate the hops, etc., from the ale.
⁋A suggested substitution of temse for Thames in ‘to set the Thames on fire’ has no historical basis: see Thames.
2. attrib. and Comb., as temse-maker, temse-sieve; temse-bread, -loaf, bread or a loaf made of finely sifted flour, temsed bread.
1600Chettle & Day Blind Begg. ii. (1902) 24 Good Beef, Norfolk *temes bread, and Country home bred drink. 1611Cotgr., Miche,..the countrey people of France call so also, a loafe of boulted bread, or Tems bread. 1674[see 1].
1552Will of Leppingwell (Comm. Crt. Lond.), A *Temes loffe. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 39 Temmes lofe on his table to haue for to eate.
1725Lond. Gaz. No. 6432/6 Hosea Emmott, late of Bridgehouses.., *Temms-maker.
▪ II. temse, v. Now dial.|tɛms, tɛmz|
Forms: see prec.
[OE. tęm(e)sian, f. tęmese (see prec.): cf. MLG. temesen, MDu., Du. temsen, teemsen to sift.]
trans. To sift or bolt (flour, etc.) with a temse.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark ii. 26 Huu inn-eode hus godes..& hlafo fore-ᵹeᵹearwad vel temised ᵹebréc. c1440Promp. Parv. 488/2 Temzyn wythe a tymze (S. temsyn with a tenze),.. attamino, setario. 1483Cath. Angl. 379/2 To Tempse, taratantarizare. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme v. xx. 714 Barley bread must be made..of that..which hath beene temzed and cleansed from his grosse bran. 1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 103 To measure the meale..afore it be temsed. 1809T. Donaldson Poems 73 Sifting meal..Or timsing flour. 1828Craven Gloss., Tems, to sift. 1904Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v., Fifty years ago flour was not very common with cottagers esp., and when they wanted some they would temse some rough meal.
Hence temsed ppl. a.; temsed bread = temse-bread (see prec. 2); ˈtemsing vbl. n., chiefly in comb. as temsing bread, temsing-chamber, temsing-staff, temsing-trough. Also ˈtemser, ˈtemzer = temse n. 1.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 104 Our own *tempsed⁓breade. Ibid., An upheaped bushell of tempsed meale. 1777Horæ Subsecivæ 428 (E.D.D.) Tems'd or temmas bread, white [bread] made of flour finely sifted.
1696–7in Kennett MS. Lansd. 1033 lf. 4 *Temzer, a range or coarse searche.
c1450Medulla in Promp. Parv. 488 note, Cervida, lignum quod portat cribrum, a *temsynge staffe. [Cf.1904Eng. Dial. Dict., Timse-sticks, the small frame supporting two laths or sticks on which the ‘timse’ slides.] 1599Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) II. 287 In the bowltinge house. One temsinge troughe. a1800Pegge Suppl. Grose, Temsing⁓chamber, the sifting-room. 1828Craven Gl., Temsin-breead. |