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tendril, n.|ˈtɛndrɪl|
Also 6 -yll, -elle, 6–8 -el, 7 -ell, 8 -ill.
[Origin uncertain; app. from L. tendĕre, F. tendre to stretch; in its actual form and sense only in Eng. See Note below.]
1. a. A slender thread-like organ or appendage of a plant (consisting of a modified stem, branch, flower-stalk, leaf, or part of a leaf), often growing in a spiral form, which stretches out and attaches itself to or twines round some other body so as to support the plant. (Distinguished from a twining stem by not bearing leaves.)
1538Elyot, Capreolus,..the tendrell of a vyne, whiche wyndeth diuers ways, called also Pampinus. 1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxxxviii. 441 Litle claspers or tendrelles, where⁓withal it taketh holdefast vpon hedges, trees, poles, and rayles. 1611Cotgr., Tendron..a tendrell, or the tender branch, or sprig of a plant. 1667Milton P.L. iv. 307 Her..tresses..in wanton ringlets wav'd As the Vine curles her tendrils. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ. (1778) II. 175 (Maria) A couple of vine leaves, tied round with a tendril. 1807J. E. Smith Phys. Bot. 224 Cirrus. Tendrils or claspers when young are usually put forth in a straight direction; but they presently become spiral. 1858Carpenter Veg. Phys. §538 Nearly all the plants of the group are climbers, and most of them support themselves by tendrils.
b. transf. Something resembling a tendril of a plant: as, a slender branch of a vein; a curl or ringlet of hair. (Cf. also tendril-footed in 3 b.)
1615Crooke Body of Man 79 Sometime also seueral tendrils are communicated vnto it from the spermatical veines. 1814Byron Lara ii. xxi, The glossy tendrils of his raven hair. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede xliii, The dark tendrils of hair,..the rounded cheek and the pouting lips.
c. fig., esp. in reference to a ‘clinging’ affection or attachment.
1841Emerson Lect., Man the Reformer Wks. (Bohn) II. 238 Inextricable seem to be the twinings and tendrils of this evil. 1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xxii, Her own earnest nature threw out its tendrils, and wound itself around the majestic book. 1891T. Hardy Tess II. xiv, Her foolish soul sent back tendrils of yearning towards it [her father's house].
†2. Used to render F. tendron bud (see tendron) in fig. sense ‘young girl’. Obs.
1603Florio Montaigne iii. ix. (1632) 554 Continually stored with young tendrels or lasses, to keepe his old-frozen limbs warme a nights. 1639S. Du Verger tr. Camus' Admir. Events 313 Hee sends this tendrell to schoole againe.
3. attrib. and Comb.
a. attrib. Having or bearing tendrils, as tendril brier, tendril hop, tendril vine; of or belonging to a tendril, resembling or consisting of a tendril, as tendril career, tendril finger, tendril hand, tendril-hold, tendril-ring, tendril-talon.
b. objective, instrumental, parasynthetic, etc., as tendril-bearer, tendril-climber; tendril-footed, tendril-like adjs.
1872Darwin Orig. Spec. vii. (ed. 6) 196 Gradations..between simple twiners and *tendril-bearers.
c1711Petiver Gazophyl. vi. Tab. lviii, Triangular *Tendril Bryar... A very odd Anomalous Plant.
1957C. Day Lewis Pegasus 45 Or too much reason chill the air For your *tendril career.
1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 197 A distinction is drawn between *Tendril-climbers (as Vitis) and Stem-climbers (as Phaseolus, Humulus, Convolvulus, &c.).
1929Oxford Poetry 5 The *tendril fingers groping for the bright Eternal beauty.
1843Carpenter Anim. Phys. 94 The class Cirrhipoda, or *tendril-footed animals.
1939Dylan Thomas Map of Love 14 Shall she receive a bellyful of weeds And bear those *tendril hands I touch across The agonized, two seas.
1967J. Stallworthy Almond Tree 11, I am called to the cot to see your focus shift, take *tendril-hold on a shaft of sun.
1757Dyer Fleece i. 62 The curling growth Of *tendril hops, that flaunt upon their poles.
1836–9Todd's Cycl. Anat. II. 146/2 The *tendril-like branches of the arteria profunda.
1791E. Darwin Bot. Gard. ii. 150 Long horrent thorns his mossy legs surround, And *tendril-talons root him to the ground.
1743Francis tr. Hor., Epod. xv. 3 When round my Neck as curls the *Tendril-Vine—(Loose are its Curlings, if compar'd to thine).
1896Westm. Gaz. 20 Oct. 10/2 Framed in Romanesque *tendril work.
Hence ˈtendril v. intr. (nonce-wd.) to curl like a tendril; ˈtendrilled, -iled |-ɪld| a., having a tendril or tendrils (in quot. 1839 transf. curly); tendriˈliferous a. [-ferous], bearing tendrils; ˈtendrilly, ˈtendrilous adjs., full of tendrils; resembling a tendril.
1894Crockett Lilac Sunbonnet 18 Fair hair, crisping and *tendrilling over her brow.
1806J. Galpine Brit. Bot. §319 Fumaria..stem climbing: petioles *tendrilled. 1822Hortus Angl. II. 126 A[ntirrhinum] Cirrhosa. Tendriled Toad Flax. 1839Bailey Festus xx. (1852) 375 Some young thing with tiny hands, And rosy cheeks, and flossy tendrilled locks.
1900W. Wallace in Ann. Bot. Dec. 639 A *tendriliferous liane.
1863Holme Lee Annie Warleigh III. 25 A Virginian creeper twined its thousands of *tendrilly sprays up the rustic pillars.
1857Wood Com. Obj. Sea Shore 58 The long, curling, *tendrilous appendages..affix themselves to sea-weeds..and..anchor the egg firmly. [Note. With tendril, cf. F. tendrillon bud, tender sprout or shoot, dim. of tendron in same sense, also fig. a ‘bud’, a young girl; also cartilage; which Hatz.-Darm. refer to tendre adj. tender. But Paré (16th c.) took tendron as synonymous with capréole tendril, clasper (‘La vigne par ses tendrons ou capréoles tortues embrasse toutes choses’), and L. capreolus (rendered by Elyot 1538 ‘tendrell’) was by R. Estienne, 1536, glossed by tendon, a deriv. of L. tendĕre, F. tendre to stretch. There was thus in 16th c. F. some confusion between tendon and tendron, which appears to have influenced the Eng. use of tendril and associated it with tendre to stretch rather than with tendre tender. See also Weekley in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1909.]
Add: ˈtendrillar a., resembling a tendril or tendrils.
1928in Funk's Stand. Dict. 1976Seenappa & Nath in K. L. Chadha Proc. 3rd Internat. Symp. Sub-Trop. & Trop. Hort. I. 186 The yield data of the plants with tendrillar flowers were compared to those with normal flowers in the same variety. 1987Research & Devel. Jan. 60/1 The material, called tendrillar carbonaceous material, is a by-product of a TRW technique called the B extraction and concentration (Beacon) process. |