| 释义 |
▪ I. erect, a. and n.|ɪˈrɛkt|
[ad. L. ērect-us, pa. pple. of ērigĕre to set up, f. ē out + regĕre to direct.]
A. adj.
1. Upright, in an upright posture; not bending forward or downward. Of straight lines and plane surfaces: Vertical. erect vision, the fact that we see objects ‘the right way up’, notwithstanding the inverted position of the retinal image. erect dial: see dial.
c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 9 The schade of every tree Was in the lengthe the same quantite That was the body erecte, that caused it. 1514Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshm. (Percy Soc.) p. lvi, Whether that thy lord sit or yet stande erect Stil must thou stande. 1593T. Fale Dialling 3 When the plat standeth upright, it maketh a right angle with the Horizon and is called Erect. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. iv. i. 180 Birds..are so farre from this kinde of pronenesse, that they are almost erect. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 666 A Snake..in his Summer Liv'ry rouls along: Erect, and brandishing his forky Tongue. 1726tr. Gregory's Astron. I. 362 The erect or vertical Diameter of the Luminary seems contracted. 1799J. Wood Elem. Optics vii. (1811) 148 An erect image of the figure intended to be represented. 1841Brewster Mart. Sc. iii. ii. (1856) 184 He ascribed erect vision to an operation of the mind. 1863Fr. Kemble Resid. Georgia 42 The figures of some of the women are handsome..erect and good. 1872Blackie Lays Highl. 89 Erect with majesty severe The Buchail More upshoots his Titan cone.
b. Used Bot. and Her. in general sense.
1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 115/1 Erect Flowers [are] such as grow upright without hanging the head. 1766–87Porny Heraldry Gloss., Erect or Erected.. said of any⁓thing upright, or perpendicularly elevated. 1811A. T. Thomson Lond. Disp. (1818) 256 The stamens are erect, and longer than the corolla. 1880Gray Struct. Bot. vi. §8. 277 Ovules are erect, when they rise from the very bottom of the cell. 1882Cussans Heraldry vi. 95 Erect, when used in blazoning wings, signifies that the principal wing feathers make nearly a right angle with the back of the bird.
c. fig.
1672Cave Prim. Chr. ii. vii. (1673) 195 A mind erect amongst the Ruines of a tottering Age. a1735Glanville (J.), Stand erect, and sound as loud as fame. 1837Thirlwall Greece iv. xxxiii. 321 A spirit as erect as the king's tiara. 1878Morley Carlyle 175 Here was a way of erect living within.
2. Chiefly participial:
†a. Of the countenance: Not downcast, unabashed. Obs.
b. Of the hands: Uplifted.
c. Of the hair, tail of animals, etc.: Set up, rigid, bristling.
1618Chapman Hesiod. ii. 542 Not..with face erect, Against the Sun, but, sitting. 1687Dryden Hind & P. i. 394 Her front erect with majesty she bore. 17..Philips (J.), Vows, and plaints, and suppliant hands to Heav'n erect. 1735Somerville Chase ii. 91 With Ears And Tail erect, neighing he paws the ground. 1796Burke Regic. Peace Wks. 1842 II. 326 It is an erect countenance, it is a firm adherence to principle..that assert our good faith and honour. 1870Bryant Iliad II. xxiv. 403 With hair erect He stood, and motionless.
†3. fig. Of the mind: Uplifted, directed upwards; alert, attentive. Obs.
1544Litany in Priv. Prayers (1851) 570 Having their minds erect to Almighty God. 1626Bacon Sylva (1637) §266 It conduceth much to haue the Sense Intentiue, and Erect. 1756Burke Subl. & B. i. xv, Just at the moment when their minds are erect with expectation.
†B. n. Obs. rare.
In order to facilitate the attainment of uniformity in type-founding, Moxon proposed to divide the square of the height of each kind of type into smaller squares by 42 vertical lines (erects) and 42 horizontal lines (parallels).
1676Moxon Print Lett. 7 The Divisions that are imagined to be made between the Left Hand and the Right are called Erects. Ibid. 20 Set your Compasses to 9..placing one Foot in Parallel 21, Erect 9.
Add:[A.] [1.] d. Of the penis, nipples, or clitoris: enlarged and rigid through the engorgement of erectile tissue, as during sexual arousal.
1897White & Martin Genito-Urinary Surg. & Venereal Dis. i. 1 Its average length is about three inches when in the flaccid condition and twice that when erect. 1933R. L. Dickinson Human Sex Anat. vi. 73/2 Elaborate search of medical and other literature has brought to light no published series of measurements of the erect penis. 1973D. Potter Hide & Seek v. 152, I..shuddered as her fingers touched my erect penis. 1977E. J. Trimmer et al. Visual Dict. Sex (1978) vi. 62/1 The external genital organs swell and the clitoris becomes erect with its tip..exposed between the folds of the labia. 1990D. M. Thomas Lying Together xvi. 176 He..buried his head on her bosom, kissing a cold erect nipple surrounded by its brown aureole.
▪ II. erect, v.|ɪˈrɛkt|
Also 6 Sc. ereck, 5–6 pa. pple. erect(e.
[f. L. ērect- ppl. stem of ērigĕre: see prec.]
†I. trans. To elevate in direction or position.
†1. To direct upwards; to lift up (the eyes, hands, etc.). Also to erect up. Obs.
1609Man in Moone (1849) 39 Erect thy countenance, like a man. 1635E. Pagitt Christianogr. i. ii. (1636) 61 The Bishop..erecting his hands stood all the while with his face to the Altar. a1634Chapman Revenge Hon. Wks. 1873 III. 337 Good sir, erect your looks. 1704Swift T. Tub Wks. 1760 I. Introd. 26 To stand with their mouths open, and erected.
fig.1548Gest Pr. Masse 117 Having our mindes erected up into heaven. 1629H. Burton Babel no Bethel 4 Wee erect our best attention to this motion. 1690Norris Beatitudes (1694) I. 54 The Minds of Men began to be more generally erected towards Heaven.
†b. To put up on high; to lift up (the head); also, to hoist up. Obs.
1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. (1884) 52 Moyses..made & ereckit a brassin ymage of a serpent. 1567Trial Treas. in Hazl. Dodsley III. 273 That thou are nat erected, in faith, it is pity, As high as three trees and a halter will reach. 1611Coryat Crudities 9 A little chappell..wherein is erected the picture of Christ and the Virgin Mary. 1696Tate & Brady Ps. xxiv. 7 Erect your Heads, eternal Gates. 1767Babler I. 224 However we may erect the crest upon the superior dignity of manhood.
†2. To exalt in consideration or dignity; to raise to eminence or importance; elevate to office; in earlier use, to raise to (a kingdom); to set up for, to be (an emperor, king, etc.). Also to erect up.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) I. 283 Grete Charles..was erecte to the kyngedome of Fraunce after the dethe of his fader. 1549–62Sternhold & H. Ps. lxxxix. 20 A man of might I have erect your king and guide to be. 1583Exec. for Treason (1675) 27 Bishops, who in the Popes name had erected him up. a1592Greene Jas. IV, Wks. (1861) 198 He shall erect your state and wed you well. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. vi. xlii. 3 The ægyptians erected one Saturninus a Captaine..for Emperour. a1631Donne in Select. fr. Donne (1840) 16 Thou shalt find..as many records of attainted families..as of families newly erected and presently celebrated. 1656Bramhall Replic. vi. 238 Lawfull for the King and Church of England..to have erected a new Primate. 1709Steele Tatler No. 130 ⁋2 We have seen..Monarchs erected and deposed.
†b. To elevate into or unto (a specified condition). Obs.
1508Fisher Wks. 254 They were erecte vnto eternal lyfe. 1589R. Robinson in Farr S.P. Eliz. (1845) II. 364 Erect my spirite into thy blisse.
II. To raise to an upright position.
3. To raise, set upright (the body, oneself, etc.); to rear (a standard). Also fig.
1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 5 Erecting one most like to fall. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. ii. Wks. 1856 I. 25 Ladie, erect your gratious simmetry. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. iii. 74 If unto the powder of Loadstone or Iron we admove the North pole of the Loadstone, the powders or small divisions will erect and conforme themselves thereto. 1730A. Gordon Maffei's Amphith. 93 The Charioteers sometimes bowed to the Ground, then erected themselves on high. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 6 ⁋3 The necessity of erecting our⁓selves to some degree of intellectual dignity. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VII. 49 The muscle..is capable of erecting itself on an edge. 1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. iv. iii. 97 Erected against Aliverdi the standard of revolt. 1877Mrs. Oliphant Makers Flor. xiii. 325 His weak frame erected itself.
b. Optics. To restore (an inverted optical image) to an upright position.
1831Brewster Newton (1855) I. x. 245 Without using two glasses, the object may be erected.
†c. intr. for refl. To straighten oneself, assume an upright position.
1626Bacon Sylva (1631) §827 By Wet, Stalkes doe erect, and Leaues bow downe.
4. To set upright (a member of the body); to prick up (the ears); also Phys. (chiefly in pass.), to render turgid and rigid any organ containing erectile tissue.
1626Bacon Sylva (1637) §266 You..erect your Eare, when you would heare attentiuely. 1718Rowe tr. Lucan i. 540 At ev'ry Shout [the horse] erects his quiv'ring Ears. 1796Burke Regic. Peace Wks. VIII. 318 That this faction..does erect its crest upon the engagement, there can be little doubt.
†5. fig. from 3, 4. To rouse, stir up, excite, embolden (the mind, oneself). Obs.
a1568Coverdale Treat. Death i. xvi, We ought to erect and comfort ourselves with the resurrection. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. iv. §2 It doth raise and erect the mind. 1654R. Codrington tr. Hist. Ivstine 314 With this Victory the courages of the Sicilians were erected. 1665J. Sergeant Sure-footing 201 His Book coming forth..my Expectation was now erected. a1668Denham (J.), Why should not hope As much erect our thoughts, as fear deject them? a1734North Lives (1826) II. 131 He found his spirits low, and thought to..erect them by a glass or two of sherry.
†b. occas. To stimulate (in a physical sense).
1620Venner Via Recta (1650) 273 It..erecteth the digestive faculty of the stomack.
†6. To elate with pride. Obs.
1631R. H. Arraignm. Whole Creature 137 Least..the contemplation of their proud plumes and feathers too much erect them and puffe them up.
III. To set on a foundation, construct, establish.
7. To set up (a building, statue, framework, etc.); to rear, build. Also † to erect up.
1417in Ellis Orig. Lett. ii. 19. I. 59 He hath erected a new tower upon the same for a warde. 1555Eden Decades W. Ind. i. iv. (Arb.) 80 The inhabitantes sawe newe buyldynges to bee dayly erected. 1570Abp. Parker Corr. (1853) 372 Intending..to erect up certain iron mills. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iii. ii. 80 Erect his Statue, and worship it. 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 229 Erect on the out-side Wall your Stove..of Brick. 1692O. Walker History Illustrated 288 Gallus lamented much his death, and erected him a Sepulchre. 1701De Foe True-born Eng. i. 1 Where⁓ever God erects a House of Prayer The Devil always builds a Chappel there. 1796H. Hunter tr. St. Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) I. 446 He erects trophies. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 190 An engine was erected in the vicinity of Bath..on this principle. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 16 A more peaceful class erected silk manufactories in the eastern suburb of London. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. ix. 382 The scaffold had been awkwardly erected.
¶ To build (a vessel).
1650Sir J. Burroughs in Wealth of Gt. Brit. (1749) 33 By erecting two hundred and fifty busses..there will be employment for one thousand ships.
b. fig. To build up (a theory, conclusion, etc.), set up (a pretension). Also absol.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. i. vii. 25 Our advanced beliefs are not to be built upon dictates, but..[we] are to erect upon the surer base of reason. a1704Locke (J.), Malebranche erects this proposition, of seeing all things in God, upon their ruin. 1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. ii. 350 The pretension erected by Mr. Hastings..would destroy one great source of the evidence. 1864J. H. Newman Apol. 195 It was necessary for us to have a positive Church theory erected on a definite basis.
8. a. Geom. To set up or draw (a perpendicular to a given line); † to construct (a triangle, etc. upon a given base). b. Astrol. and Astron. To ‘set up’ (a figure of the heavens).
a1646J. Gregory Assyr. Mon. in Posth. (1650) 215 This was the figure of the Heavens..Astronomically calculated and erected according to Tycho's tables. 1660Barrow Euclid i. x, Upon the line given AB erect an equilateral triangle. a1672Wood Life (1848) 73 After Lillie (the astronomer) had erected his figure, he told her, etc. 1715Kersey, To Erect a Figure, to divide the 12 Houses a-right. 1815Scott Guy M. iv, He accordingly erected his scheme, or figure of heaven. 1828J. H. Moore Pract. Navig. 44 On B erect the perpendicular BA. 1887T. B. Reed O.E. Lett. Found 182 He [Moxon] professes to be able to erect in any other square..the same letter.
†9. To set up, establish, found (an office, court of justice, corporation, institution, etc.); to initiate, set on foot (a project, scheme). Obs. or arch. exc. in Law.
1565J. Calfhill Answ. Treat. Crosse (1846) 24 A pilgrimage in Wales was straight erected. 1570in Strype Ann. Ref. I. lvii. 626 The Divinity lecture, erected by the noble lady Margaret. 1602Warner Alb. Eng. x. lviii. (1612) 254 This League was halowed..gainst all That worke the gospell to erect. 1651Hobbes Leviath. i. xv. 73 There is no Civill Power erected over the parties promising. 1663Marvell Corr. Wks. 1872–5 II. xl. 88 Courts of Merchants to be erected in some..ports of the nation. 1683Royal Proclam. in Lond. Gaz. No. 1856/1 The Office of Post-Master General hath been Erected by Act of Parliament. 1743Tindal tr. Rapin's Hist. Eng. II. 151 note, This year Queen Elizabeth erected the East-India Company. 1761–2Hume Hist. Eng. II. xli. 415 The Jesuits, a new order of regular priests erected in Europe. 1792N. Chipman Amer. Law Rep. (1871) 12 The statute has erected a summary jurisdiction. 1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. ix. 702 The ministerial board erected by Mr. Pitt. a1862Buckle Civiliz. (1869) III. iii. 125 Two Courts of High Commission were erected. 1865H. Phillips Amer. Paper Curr. II. 56 Congress resolved to erect a lottery.
†b. To raise (an armed force); to form (a nation). Obs.
1480Caxton Chron. Eng. iii. (1520) 24/2 These two erected an hoost ayenst Hanyball. 1598Barret Theor. Warres ii. i. 20 When a Companie is newly leuied and erected, etc. a1618Raleigh (J.), He suffers seventy-two distinct nations to be erected out of the first monarchy under distinct governours. 1680Hickes Spir. Popery 71 The Cess..for erecting and maintaining the foresaid additional Forces. 1698J. Crull Muscovy 123 A new Body of Militia should be erected in their stead.
10. to erect into [cf. Fr. ériger en]: to constitute or form into (e.g. an organization, municipality, territorial division, etc.); to set up as (a rule or precedent); to invest with the rank or character of; † to represent as.
1670–98R. Lassels Voy. Italy Pref. 1, I had not the least thought..of erecting myself into an Authour. 1710Steele Tatler No. 56 ⁋1 For the Sharpers..are by Custom erected into a real and venerable Body of Men. 1718Col. Rec. Penn. III. 58 The sd. town might be Erected into a Borough by a Charter, etc. a1768Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) 345 By secularizing, or, in our law-style, erecting most of the monasteries into temporal lordships. 1796H. Hunter tr. St. Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) III. 455 The Officers of an inferior order..erected themselves into seignorial proprietors. 1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. viii. 669 He could erect every interference in that sovereignty into an act of guilt. 1821Scott Kenilw. vii, Her majesty was minded to erect the town into a staple for wool. 1822M. A. Kelty Osmond I. 158 You..erect him into a standard of right and wrong. 1839J. Yeowell Anc. Brit. Ch. xi. (1847) 110 Valentia..was erected into a province. 1860Mill Repr. Govt. (1865) 54/2 That portion..whom the institutions of the country have erected into a ruling class.
¶11. ? Used for arrect, direct.
1526Skelton Magnyf. 2507 Unto me formest this processe is erectyd. 1655M. Carter Hon. Rediv. (1660) Ep. Ded., No more then the Subject of it [i.e. Honour] erects. |