| 释义 |
Eros|ˈɪərɒs|
Pl. Erotes |ɛˈrəʊtiːz|; Eroses |ˈɪərɒsɪz|.
[L. Erōs, a. Gr. ἔρως.]
1. Love, the god of love, or a representation of him: = Cupid.
[c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1374 Nat oonly lik the loueris maladye of Hereos but rather lyk Manye.] 1671Phillips New World of Words (ed. 3), Eros, according to the Ethnic Poets the God of Love, who in Latin is commonly called Cupido also the name of Mark Anthony's servant who killed himself..the word in Greek signifying Love. 1775J. Bryant Mythol. I. 510 Under this characteristic they represented an heavenly personage, and joined her with Eros, or divine Love. 1817Byron Manfred ii. ii. 35 He from out their fountain dwellings raised Eros and Anteros. 1864Tennyson En. Ard. 157 A bevy of Eroses apple-cheek'd. 1870S. H. Hodgson Theory of Practice I. 196 Love..in this sense should be called Eros... The resulting Eros will be felt in strength proportional to the combined intensity of these two constituents. 1877Patmore (title) The Unknown Eros and other Odes. 1888A. H. Smith Catal. Engr. Gems Brit. Mus. 127 Silenus..threatening to flog Eros, who is held up by two other Erotes. 1896L. R. Farnell Cults Gk. States II. xxi. 625 The only ancient centres of Eros-worship were Thespiae and Parion, where he was regarded probably not merely as the personification of human love, but as a physical and elemental force, a divinity of fertility. 1904Budge 3rd & 4th Egypt. Rooms Brit. Mus. 229 Erotes, or Cupids, holding grapes and thyrsus with wreath. 1928Times 14 Dec. 10/4 Mr. John Murray's suggested new site for the Shaftesbury memorial..would be an excellent one but for the fact that ‘Eros’ would then be lost to view from the principal approach roads to Piccadilly-circus. 1960V. Nabokov Invitation to Beheading xiv. 139 We were discussing..the pleasures of life, and had just examined Eros in a general way.
b. spec. in Freudian Psychology: the urge towards self-preservation and sexual pleasure. Also, in recent Christian writings, earthly or sexual love, contrasted with Agape 2.
1922C. J. M. Hubback tr. Freud's Beyond Pleasure Principle vi. 64 Thus the Libido of our sexual instincts would coincide with the Eros of poets and philosophers, which holds together all things living. Ibid. 67 We are the more compelled now to accentuate the libidinous character of the self-preservative instincts, since we are venturing on the further step of recognising the sexual instinct as the Eros, the all sustaining. 1932A. G. Hebert tr. Nygren's Agape & Eros vii. 166 Eros is longing and desire; but God can have no unsatisfied needs. Ibid. 167 Eros-love is the movement of man to God, whereby man's need seeks to find its satisfaction in the Divine fullness and blessedness. Ibid. 175 Eros-religion is always æsthetic. 1940W. Empson Gathering Storm 29 The Freudians regard the death-wish as fundamental, Though ‘the clamour of life’ proceeds from its rival ‘Eros’. 1955[see Agape 2]. 1960C. S. Lewis Four Loves v. 106 That sexual experience can occur without Eros, without being ‘in love’, and that Eros includes other things besides sexual activity, I take for granted. 1967A. Ehrenzweig Hidden Order of Art xiii. 219 Both phenomena have their common source in a more fundamental rhythm that may be associated with the interaction of the life instincts, Eros and Thanatos.
2. Astr. An asteroid discovered by Witt at Berlin in 1898.
1900Ann. Reg. 1899 ii. 102 Dr Witt, exercising a discoverer's right, has named the new planet Eros. 1901G. C. Comstock Observations of Eros 3 The following observations of Eros were made with the 40-cm. (Clark), equatorial telescope of the Washburn Observatory. 1926H. Macpherson Mod. Astron. 92 Eros..comes at perihelion within the orbit of the Earth, from which it is then distant but thirteen million miles. 1959Spitz & Gaynor Dict. Astron. 29 Eros, 20 mi. in diameter comes within 14 million miles, every 44 years. |