| 释义 |
terramare|tɛrəˈmɑː(r), -ˈmɛə(r)|
Pl. -ares. Also β. in It. form terraˈmara, pl. terreˈmare (sometimes used as an invariable form).
[a. F. terramare (1867 Rev. des Deux-Mondes, 653, in Littré), ad. dial. It. terramara (used in Emilia, about Bologna), for terra-marna (Bellini), f. terra earth + marna (dial. mara) marl.
Introduced into anthropological use by Strobel and Pigarini, 1862.]
An ammoniacal earth found in the valley of the Po, in Italy, and collected as a fertilizer; it occurs in flat mounds, identified as the sites of dwellings of a people of the later neolithic period. Hence transf. (pl.) The prehistoric settlements themselves. Also attrib.
α1866–8Baring-Gould Curious Myths Mid. Ages, Leg. Cross (1877) 365 These quarries go by the name of terramares. They are vast accumulations of cinders, charcoal, bones, fragments of pottery. 1871Tylor Prim. Cult. I. ii. 55 Relics discovered in gravel-beds, caves, shell-mounds, terramares, lake-dwellings.
β1890Huxley in 19th Cent. Nov. 761 The pre-historic people of the terremare. 1899R. Munro Prehist. Scot. vi. 205 Combs of bronze have been found both in the Swiss lake-dwellings and in the Terremare. Ibid. xi. 434 There is..in the eastern part of the Po Valley another class of ancient habitations known as terremare,..they may be regarded as land palafittes. 1928C. Dawson Age of Gods xiv. 330 With the Bronze Age there appears in North Italy the new and highly distinctive type of culture known as the Terremare. It receives its name from the peculiar pile settlements which form its characteristic feature. Unlike the lake villages the Terremare were built on dry land and surrounded by an artificial moat and rampart. 1939Antiquity XIII. 490 A terramara is defined by Säflund as ‘a station containing the typical bronze-age culture of central and western Emilia’. 1961L. Mumford City in Hist. viii. 206 It is doubtful if there is any direct connexion between the terremare settlements and the Roman towns. |