| 释义 |
‖ etymon|ˈɛtɪmən|
[L. etymon, a. Gr. ἔτυµον (orig. neut. of ἔτυµος true): (1) the ‘true’ literal sense of a word according to its origin; (2) its ‘true’ or original form; (3) hence, in post-classical grammatical writings, the root or primary word from which a derivative is formed.
According to Brugmann, ἔτυµος is for a prehistoric *s-etumo-s, f. 's weak grade of OAryan *es to be + suffixes.]
†1. The primitive form of a word; the word or combination of words from which it has been corrupted. Sometimes nearly = etymology 1 b, 1 c.
1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 477 Thus much then concerning the Etymon of this woorde Gavelkinde. 1606Peacham Graphice (1612) 83 Blew hath his Etymon from the high Dutch Blaw. 1651H. More Second Lash in Enthus. Triumph (1656) 227 For the word must so signifie, as I did above prove, both from Testimony, and might also from the Etymon of the word. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 451 The true Etymon of Jupiter..being..not Juvans Pater, but Jovis Pater. 1768Swinton in Phil. Trans. LVIII. 239 The etymon laid down here seems more apposite and natural than that obtruded upon the learned world by Bochart. 1793Pinkerton in D'Israeli Cur. Lit. (1866) 129/2 Of the etymon of pamphlet I know nothing.
2. The primary word which gives rise to a derivative.
1659T. Pecke Parnassi Puerp. 58, Nummus denotes Money told out; Upon This Fancy, Number, will give Etymon. 1811Pinkerton Petral. I. 429 Greek etymons have become universal in the science. a1834Lamb Lett. to Manning v. 48 Logic is nothing more than a knowledge of words, as the Greek etymon implies. 1873Whitney Orient. Stud. 210 Enabling them [the roots] to stand as etymons of almost any given word. 1882Edin. Rev. July 114 The name has an evidently Norman etymon.
†3. Original or primary signification. Obs. rare.
1619Sacrilege Handl. App. 43 Take him in his true Etymon, and Morall will be, but, whatsoeuer concerneth Manners. 1626W. Sclater Exp. 2 Thess. (1629) 223 ἀτοποι, those are to them after the Grammer Etymon, men of no setled abode; vaguing, or vagabond Iewes. a1634R. Clerke in Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. cxxii. 6 Peace denominates Jerusalem, 'tis the etymon of the word. a1834Coleridge (Webster), The import here given as the etymon or genuine sense of the word.
†4. The true name of a thing. Obs.
1651Biggs New Disp. 67 ⁋106 Neither dare they call their..medicines by their proper Etymon; that is to say they hide Scammony under the name of diagredium.
Hence etyˈmonic a. rare—1. Pertaining to the etymon; etymological.
1813W. Taylor Eng. Synonyms (1856) 128 The application of the word anterior to time only is neither based on ancient practice nor etymonic necessity. |