| 释义 |
▪ I. tew, n.1 Obs. exc. dial.|tjuː|
Also 9 tue.
[f. tew v.1]
†1. The tawing of leather: see tew v.1 1. Obs.
c1440Promp. Parv. 489/2 Tew, or tewynge of lethyr.
†2. The work of preparation; labour. Obs.
1644Hartlib's Legacy (1655) 286 Each Acre shall be worth..at least six pound, thirteen shillings, four pence for the tew onely, and at least six pound, thirteen shillings and four pence more for the seed.
3. Constant work and bustling; a state of worry or excitement. dial. and U.S.
1825Brockett N.C. Words s.v. Tue, Sare tues, great difficulty in accomplishing any thing. 1866E. Tabor Rachel's Secr. I. vii. 103 There was no end of the tew and worry in a farm-house. 1880Tennyson Northern Cobbler ix, When we coom'd into Meeätin', at fust she wur all in a tew. 1883Howells Woman's Reason (Tauchn.) II. 27 My wife was always in a tew about the danger.
▪ II. † tew, n.2 Obs.
Also 6 tewe, (7 tewgh, tiew, 9 dial. tow).
[Not known before 15th c.: app. corresp. to WFris. túch, late MDu., mod.Du. tuig, MLG., LG. tüch, MHG. ziuc, Ger. zeug, apparatus, gear, tools, utensils, implements, tackle: f. ablaut stem tiug- of *tiuhan to draw, lead (tee v.1).]
1. Fishing-tackle; nets, fishing-lines, etc.
c1440Promp. Parv. 490/1 Tew, of fyschynge, piscalia, in plurali, retiaria [MS. reci-]. 1529Will J. Thomson (Somerset Ho.), A mansfare of all tewe except sperlyn nett. 1619Fletcher M. Thomas i. iii, Dor...The fool shall now fish for himself. Alice. Be sure then His tewgh be tith and strong:..He'l catch no fish else. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 246 Also that they shall be honest and true..being asked concerning the length and depth of their ropes or tewes when they are in driuing; neither shall they wittingly..suffer their tewes to flit and run ouer one another.
fig.1589Warner Alb. Eng. vi. xxix. (1612) 144 She [Queen Catharine 14..] pitched Tewe, he [Owen Tudor] masshed. 1602Ibid. Epit. 391 This Cardinall, conspiring with William de la Poole,..pitched their Tew to intangle the same Protector. 1603Harsnet Pop. Impost. 12 The groundes of their Art [were] layde sure and a little trying of their Tooles, whether their Tew would holde or no.
2. Implements, tools, materials for work generally; stuff. Also fig.
1616T. Scott Philomythie C vj b, When..all your traines and tew in order laid. a1638Mede Wks. (1672) 815, I am not unwilling to communicate unto you the most of my tew, because, I perceive, you make some account of them. 1671Skinner, Tew,..Instrumentum, Materia, Arma, Armamenta. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 36 Another Argument..which may happily at first blush seem to have more tiew in it than all the stands we have met with hitherto. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Tow,..necessary tools or apparatus for any purpose (pronounced like cow). 1904Eng. Dial. Dict., Tew,..Obsol. w. Cy. Materials for work.
▪ III. tew, n.3 Sc.
[Etymol. doubtful: perh. from same root as prec.]
(?) The braces of a drum, or the braces and cords by which a drum is tightened.
c1720in Beveridge Culross & Tulliallan xix. (1885) II. 90 The council..allows the drummer to get als many new tews as will serve the drum.
▪ IV. tew, v.1 Obs. exc. dial.|tjuː|
Forms: 4–7 tewe, 5 tewhe, tewyn, 6 teawe, 6–7 teaw, 7 tiew, tewgh, 8–9 tue, 7– tew.
[In branch I. app. a later collateral, derivative, or altered form of taw v.1, with which it is synonymous; the form-history is obscure. Branch II. corresponds to nothing in taw, and may be of other origin, though sense-development from branch I. is conceivable.]
I.
1. a. trans. To convert skin into a species of leather, by steeping, beating, and manipulation; to dress; = taw v.1 2.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12453 Fful manye kynges had he [the giant Ryton] don slo, & flow þe berdes of alle þo; Til a pane, as a furour, he did hem tewe. c1440Promp. Parv. 490/1 Tewyn lethyr, frunio, corrodio. 1530Palsgr. 754/2, I tewe leather, je souple. 1601Holland Pliny (1634) II. 473 Certaine skinnes of leather well tewed and dressed vntill they be soft. 1681J. Chetham Angler's Vade-m. xxxiv. §3 (1689) 186 After the skin is tewed in the skinner's lime-pits. 1709Brit. Apollo II. No. 49. 4/1 Were his Hide tew'd by Tanners.
fig.1709Brit. Apollo II. No. 29. 3/2 Tew her Hide with an Oaken Plant.
b. intr. for refl. or pass.
c1880Northants. Dial., Take it [the leather] out again and let it lie and tew.
2. To work (anything) into proper consistency by beating, etc.; to temper (mortar). Now dial.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 138 Then doe wee water it [the earth] and tewe it well att the first, and soe leaue it for her that serveth to temper. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 88/2 Tew, to Batter or draw out a peece of Iron. 1721Bailey, To Tew..to beat Mortar. To Tew Hemp..to beat or dress it. 1797P. Wakefield Ment. Improv. (1801) III. 2 Kneading and tewing the two earths together is the most laborious part of the work. 1883Almondbury & Huddersf. Gloss. s.v., That lime wants better tewing.
3. transf. and fig.
a. To deal with or employ.
1489Churchw. Acc. Walberswick, Suffolk (Nichols 1797) 183 Yt 1 man, or 2 men shall rec. the town doollys of heryngs and sperlings..and to tewe them to most profyte of the town.
†b. To prepare or bring into a proper state or condition for some purpose. Obs.
1571Golding Calvin on Ps. xxx. 9 No man can giue himselfe cheerfully vnto prayer, till he bee thoroughly teawed and well furbished by the crosse. a1577Gascoigne Flowers (1587) 1 These chattering teeth, this trembling toong Well tewed with careful cries. a1619Fletcher Wit without M. iii. i, So tewed him up with Sack that he lies lashing a But of Malmsie for his Mares.
†4.
a. To beat, flog, thrash, belabour. Also fig. = taw v.1 3, 3 b. Obs.
1598Dallington Meth. Trav. G ij, He left them all France, tyned and tewed, as bare as a birdes bone. 1600Holland Livy 716 When they saw once the bodies of their Tribunes tewed with rods. 1622Fletcher Begg. Bush iii. ii, Tew 'em, swinge 'em, Knock me their brains into their breeches. 1664J. Wilson A. Commenius ii. i, He does so tew the Pope; That man of sin, The Whore of Babylon. 1670Narborough Jrnl. in Acc. Sev. Late Voy. i. (1694) 75 The Trees are much weather-beaten,..and the shore-sides much tewed with the surge of the Waters.
†b. To lay on (a rod, scourge). Obs. rare.
1583T. Stocker Civ. Warres Lowe C. Ep. Ded. A ij b, Whiche roddes and scourges, when he hath in his great wisedome, teawed vpon them, for their amendement, he will surely..caste into the fire.
c. dial. To shake up, toss about, turn over (as hay); to tumble, rumple, crease, disarrange (dress); to pull about, pull in pieces; to discuss; to vex. Also pass., to be involved or mixed up with.
In Eng. Dial. Dict., cited as in use from Northern Counties to Warw., Northamp., E. Anglia.
1890Kipling Life's Handicap (1981) 67 Happen there was a lass tewed up wi' it. 1904S. R. Crockett Strong Mac xxxix. 323 Ye were somedeal tewed up wi' a lass, were ye no?
II.
5. trans. To fatigue or tire with hard work; refl. = 6. dial.
1825Brockett N.C. Words s.v. Tue, He tues himself. 1893Carlisle Patr. 30 June 3/3 (E.D.D.), S― went down before K―, who was sair tewed in the operation... The two giants could not be said to have tew'd themselves much. c1895‘Flit’ Holderness Harvest 84 I'se been tewing mysen a'most to deead all forenoon.
6. intr. To work hard, to exert oneself, to toil; to bustle about. Now dial. and U.S.
1787Grose Provinc. Gloss., To Tew,..also to work hard. 1825Brockett N.C. Words, Tue, to labour long and patiently, to fatigue by repeated or continued exertion... A tuing life, a laborious life. A tuing soul, a hard working person. 1863Trollope St. Olaves II. 4 Little folks like you an' me has to tew about and fend for 'em both. 1894Baring-Gould Queen of L. xii, I tew from morning till night. 1909Daily News 31 May 4 Our male folk, who after ‘tewing’ at the mill all the week are usually allowed to take their time at the Saturday tea table.
Hence tewed |tjuːd| ppl. a.; tewing vbl. n. (also attrib.) and ppl. a.
c1440Promp. Parv. 490/1 *Tevwyd, frunitus. 1488in Ripon Ch. Acts (Surtees) 286, i bukskyn tewyd. 1611Cotgr., Tracassé, hurried, tossed, tugged, tewed; spoiled, ouerworne, or misused, by much remouing. 1863Mrs. Toogood Yorks. Dial., Tewed, tired, exhausted. 1892Carruth in Kansas Univ. Mag. I. (U.S.) (E.D.D.), I'm tewed and fretted.
1394–6Cartular. Abb. de Whiteby (Surtees) 623 Item pro *tewyng xiiii pellium luporum, i.s.ix.d. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 201 Whoos tewhyng hath coost many a crowche, Hire pylche souple for to make. 1852R. S. Surtees Sponge's Sp. Tour x, Bullfrog, whom I bought him of, is very fat..and can't stand much tewing in the saddle. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss. s.v., ‘A tewing hay time’, the season wet and unfavourable for the hay,..involving much extra labour. 1882Ogilvie (Annandale), Tewing-beetle, a spade-shaped instrument for tewing or beating hemp. 1902Baring-Gould Nebo the Nailer xix, She alway was a tewin' woman.
▪ V. † tew, v.2 Obs.
Also 8 tue.
[app. a derivative or altered form of tow v., of much later appearance; the phonology is obscure.]
trans. To haul, tow (a ship, net, etc.); to drag, pull, tug; = tow v.
1600Holland Livy xxv. xxx. 571 Marcellus caused a great hulke, laden with armed souldiours, to be fastened by an haling rope unto a gallie.., and so in the night by strength of oares to bee tewed and drawne up after it into Acradina. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. xii. 197 The goodly river Lee..By which the Danes had then their full-fraught navies tew'd. 1622Ibid. xxv. (1748) 367 The toiling fisher here is tewing of his net. a1693Urquhart's Rabelais iii. Prol. 7 He..tugg'd it, tew'd it, carry'd it [a tub]. 1706E. Baynard in Sir J. Floyer Hot & Cold Bath. ii. 386 A Sprain..tued, hal'd and wrested by ignorant Bone-setters. 1787Grose Provinc. Gloss., To Tew, to pull or tow. |