| 释义 |
even-
(in early combs. repr. OTeut. stem *eƀno-, sometimes with adjectival, sometimes with adverbial force; in later use, combining directly as adj. or adv.). The forms are identical with those of the adj., but in ME. the -n was often omitted.
1. In various senses of the adj. Chiefly in parasynthetic derivatives, as † even-carriaged, even-edged, even-handed, even-tempered, even-toed, † even-wayed; also in even-aged a., of a forest: composed of trees that are of approximately the same age; even-even a., of a nucleus: having an even number of both protons and neutrons; even-odd a., of a nucleus: having an even number of protons and an odd number of neutrons; even-wise adv., in like manner.
1905Terms Forestry (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 9 *Even-aged forest. 1928R. S. Troup Silvicultural Systems ii. 23 Even-aged crops..are more susceptible to damage by wind and snow than uneven-aged crops. 1962Times 1 Jan. 6/4 Trees in even-aged woods had gone down in swathes.
1670Brooks Wks. (1867) VI. 342 Upright hearts in their constant course are *even-carriaged hearts.
1672Grew Anat. Plants, Idea Philos. Hist. §6 Leaves, which are Long or Round, *Even-edg'd or Escallop'd.
1940Physical Rev. LVIII. 104/1 States with higher angular momenta of the core alone (an *even-even nucleus) are known in many cases to be very close to the normal state. 1949Gamow & Critchfield Theory Atomic Nucleus iv. 93 An even-even nucleus can transform into another even-even nucleus of the same A only by simultaneous emission of two β-particles. 1955J. A. Wheeler in W. Pauli Niels Bohr 167 Heavy even-even nuclei always have zero spin.
a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia s.v., An *even-flavoured day of rain.
1605Shakes. Macb. i. vii. 10 This *euen-handed Iustice Commends th'Ingredience of our poyson'd Challice To our owne lips. 1879Froude Cæsar xviii. 305 Pompey's justice was even-handed.
1849J. F. W. Johnston Exper. Agriculture 120 To the..*even-numbered portions, nothing was applied.
1955U.N. Provisional Gloss. Atomic Energy 82 *Even-odd nucleus. 1966Phillips & Williams Inorg. Chem. II. xxxv. 627 Two hundred and one beta-stable nuclides contain an even number of protons and an even number of neutrons, sixty-nine are even-odd, i.e. contain an even number of protons and an odd number of neutrons.
1875Farrar Seekers iii. i. 267 Controlled, modest, faithful, and *even-tempered.
1854Owen in Circ. Sc. (c 1865) II. 79/2 This..family of ‘artiodactyle’ or *even-toed beasts. 1670Narborough in Acc. Sev. Late Voy. (1711) 64 These People..are smooth and even toothed and close set and very white.
1645Quarles Sol. Recant. v. 84 This unlevells Thy *even-way'd Peace, with indigested evills. 1865Swinburne Poems & Bal., Two Dreams 78 Love..Tuned evenwise with colours musical.
†2. Prefixed to ns. with the sense ‘fellow-’, L. co-, as in even-disciple, even-servant, even-worker; even-knight, transl. of L. commilito fellow-soldier; even-next, ‘neighbour’ (in Biblical sense); even-sucker, a foster-brother; even-Christian. On the analogy of these, even- renders L. co- in even-buying, transl. of L. coemptio purchase. Obs.
This formation was common in OE.; examples of later origin chiefly occur in Wyclif.
1382Wyclif 2 Macc. viii. 11 *Euyn byinge [1388 euen-biyng] of boonde men of Jewis.
― John xi. 16 Thomas..seide to *euen disciplis, And go we.
― Phil. ii. 25 Epaphrodite, my brothir and *euene worchere, and myn *euene knyȝt.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 13 Uwil(c)mon scal his *euenexta beodan alswa he walde þet me him bude.
1382Wyclif Rev. xix. 10, I am thin *euen seruaunt, and of thi britheren. [1388 Y am a seruaunt with thee].
― 2 Macc. ix. 29 Philip, his *euen souker [1388 euene soukere] transferride the body.
3. In senses of the adv.
†a. = ‘Equally’, ‘similarly’, as in even-clad ppl. adj., even-high, even-mighty, even-rich, even-right, even-worth, even-worthy adjs.; also even-eche a., co-eternal; evenmete, evenold.
b. = ‘Evenly’, as in even-pleached, even-set, even-spun.
†c. With quasi-prepositional sense, in even-deed adv., according to fact, indeed.
d. Straight, directly; see even-down, -forth.
1622T. Scott Belg. Pismire 81 The only glory is to be gay, and the greatest shame to be under-clad or *euen-clad to our callings.
1555Inst. Gentleman (1568) I vij, He whyche is the rycher man doth seeme to dooe wronge vnto the other, although *euen deede he haue the wronge doone vnto hym.
a1000Crist 465 (Gr.) ær ðon up stiᵹe ancenned sunn, *Efenece bearn aᵹnum fæder. c1000ælfric Hom. (1846) II. 598 ælmihtiᵹa God, þu ðe þurh ðinum euenecum Wisdome mannan ᵹesceope. c1200Ormin 18582 He naffde nohht ben aȝȝ Hiss Faderr æfenneche.
a1000Dial. Devil & Recluse in Kemble Sal. & Sat. (1848) 85 He dyde hine *efenheahne Gode. c1200Ormin 15720 Crist iss Godess Sune..& wiþþ hiss Faderr efennheh.
Ibid. 18571 *Efennmahhtiȝ Godd wiþþ himm [þe Faderr].
1599Shakes. Hen. V, v. ii. 42 Her [France's] Hedges *euen pleach'd..Put forth disorder'd Twigs.
c890K. ælfred Bæda v. x, Wæron hi eft *efenrice. c1200Ormin 11868 Teȝȝ shulenn wurrþenn þær Wiþþ enngless efennrike.
1382Wyclif Ecclus. xlix. 3 He is *euene riȝt [L. directus] godly in the penauance of folc.
1647H. More Song of Soul i. ii. lx, A lower rank on either side we saw Of lesser shrubs *even-set with artifice.
1645Quarles Sol. Recant. vi. 75 If the *even-spun Twine should be extended.
1388Wyclif Job xxviii. 19 Topasie of Ethiope schal not be maad *euene worth to wisdom.
c1380― Serm. Sel. Wks. II. 323 Suffringis of þis tyme ben not *even-worþi to þe glorie þat is to come. 1482Monk of Evesham (Arb.) 44 Y..dyd not for my synnys euynworthy penans. |