| 释义 |
excited, ppl. a.|ɛkˈsaɪtɪd|
[f. prec. + -ed1.]
1. a. Stirred by strong emotion, disturbed, agitated.
1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 275 The population of Edinburgh was in an excited state. 1864Mrs. Carlyle Lett. III. 216 The excited people..rushed out to me. 1879McCarthy Own Times I. 199 Thiers carried with him much of the excited public feeling of France.
b. Of trade: Abnormally brisk or active.
1878Jevons Prim. Pol. Econ. 123 Business men must become..careful during excited trade.
2. a. Electricity and Magnetism. In which electrical or magnetic action has been induced; electrized, magnetized. b. Of bodily organs or tissues: Affected by a stimulus. c. Of a seismographic instrument: Agitated.
1660Boyle Seraph. Love 144 Excited Needles, when they stick fastest to each other, owe their Union to their having both been touched by the Loadstone. 1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 129 The different states may be known by presenting a metallic point to the excited body. 1831Brewster Newton (1855) I. x. 235 The visible direction of an object should be a line perpendicular to the curvature of the retina at the excited point. 1863Tyndall Heat ii. §35 (1870) 37 The excited magnetic field. 1881Standard 12 Aug., The instruments become less excited, and gradually fall back to more normal conditions.
d. excited radioactivity: Rutherford's name for artificial or induced radioactivity, as opposed to that which occurs naturally.
1900Rutherford in Phil. Mag. XLIX. 161 Thorium compounds under certain conditions possess the property of producing temporary radioactivity in all solid substances in their neighbourhood... Attention was first drawn to this phenomenon of what may be termed ‘excited radioactivity’ by the apparent failure of good insulators..to continue to insulate. 1913― Radioactive Substances x. 391 The activity thus produced on inactive substances was..known as ‘induced’ or ‘excited’ radio-activity.
e. Physics. Of an atom or an orbiting electron, or a nucleus, molecule, etc.: not in its ground state; able to lose energy by emitting electromagnetic radiation or a particle; excited state, a state of a quantized system having more energy than the ground state.
1921Chem. Abstr. XV. 3931 Recent researches..lead to the establishment of the existence of excited atoms in a metastable state. 1927T. Verschoyle tr. Haas's Atomic Theory 176 His observations..lead to an approximate value of 10—8 sec. for the mean duration of the excited state. 1938R. W. Lawson tr. Hevesy & Paneth's Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) ix. 99 Excited states have only a limited life, and..the energy surplus of the excited nuclei will gradually be emitted in the form of γ-rays. 1953P. Morrison in E. Segrè Exper. Nucl. Physics II. vi. v. 63 The outgoing particles will in general take away only a small part of the excitation energy, leaving behind an excited residual nucleus. 1968M. S. Livingston Particle Physics x. 170 We might expect the mesonic cloud surrounding a nucleon core to be capable of existing in excited states of higher energy..and to ‘radiate’ mesons.
Add: Hence exˈcitedness n., the state or quality of being excited, excitement.
1934in Webster. 1963Times 14 Jan. 3/2 During the next 20 minutes French excitedness gave K. J. F. Scotland three reasonable pots at penalty goals. 1988M. M. R. Khan When Spring Comes iii. 79 Juan was a strange amalgam of tidy habits and almost eruptive, messy excitedness.
▸ Sexually aroused. Earliest and freq. in sexually excited.
1893J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang III. 356 Horn-mad,..sexually excited, lecherous. 1917C. R. Payne tr. O. Pfister Psychoanalytic Method vi. 130 One day, her friend stroked her hand affectionately, she became excited and resumed the masturbation which she had practiced when five or six years old and then repressed under the influence of her sister until a half year ago. 1919Biol. Bull. 37 229 A male [guinea-pig] after long isolation from females becomes sexually excited by the presence of any female. 1956Marriage & Family Living 18 356/2 She just didn't feel sexually excited toward her husband. 1999F. Wynne tr. M. Houellebecq Atomised (2001) 86, I was so excited that I came right there before I could even put it in her. |