| 释义 |
▪ I. exclaim, v.|ɛkˈskleɪm|
Also 6–7 exclame, -aime.
[ad. F. exclamer, ad. L. exclāmāre to call out, f. ex- out + clāmāre to call, shout.]
1. intr. To cry out suddenly and vehemently; to cry out from pain, anger, delight, surprise, etc. Rarely with out.
1570Levins Manip. 18 To Exclame, exclamare. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iv. i. 83 Say Gentlemen, what makes you thus exclaime? 1667Milton P.L. x. 416 On either side Disparted Chaos over built exclaimed. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ., The Bidet, Grant me but decent words to exclaim in. 1845Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) I. 342, I assure you the contrast made me exclaim out.
b. with quoted words, either in direct or indirect speech.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. i. 125 The French exclaym'd, the Deuill was in Armes. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 311 Exclaiming that the tyranny of the Nobilitie had inforced them to this action. 1709Pope Ess. Crit. 279 ‘What! leave the Combat out?’ exclaims the Knight. 1781Cowper Hope 437 ‘Spoke like an oracle’, they all exclaim. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxi, ‘By Saint Andrew, Robin!’ exclaimed his father, ‘thou art like a screech-owl’. 1858Froude Hist. Eng. III. xiv. 191 The people exclaimed that they were betrayed by the gentlemen.
2. a. to exclaim against: to cry out loudly and suddenly against, accuse loudly, blame (persons, their actions and attributes); to make an outcry against, protest against, rail at (a thing). Also with indirect passive. arch.
1593Shakes. Lucr. 757 Here she exlaims against repose and rest. 1652Needham tr. Selden's Mare Cl. 338 The Inhabitants did indeed exlaim..against this kind of Jurisdiction. 1658Mem. Reign Jas. I, 25 None ever exclaimed more against that Prince then usually he did. 1724T. Burnet Life Bp. Burnet in Own Time I. 59 In his charges to the Clergy he exclaimed against the pluralities. 1726Chetwood Adv. Capt. R. Boyle 35, I began to exclaim against him in a friendly manner. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. V. xii. 158 Sparta..was already much exclaimed against for the treaty of Antalcidas. 1860Sat. Rev. IX. 9/2 Satisfied with exclaiming against the inconsistencies which he detected in the conduct of remarkable persons.
b. to exclaim at, on, upon: in same sense; also, (quots. 1589, 1818), to apostrophize. arch.
1583Babington Commandm. x. (1637) 98 So as I may not be..exclaimed upon justly in the world. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xix. (Arb.) 245 We do sodainly flye out and either speake or exclaime at some other person or thing..as a louer to his vnkind mistresse. 1633Ford Love's Sacr. iii. i, I will exclaim to the world on thee, and beg justice of the duke himself. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. xxxvii. 424 These men..sometimes he makes sport with..and sometimes declaimes and exclaimes upon them. 1822Lamb Elia, Christ's Hospital, How I would wake weeping, and in the anguish of my heart exclaim upon sweet Calne in Wiltshire! 1823Southey Hist. Penins. War I. 184 He exclaimed on the horrid treatment they were giving him.
†c. to exclaim of: to complain loudly of.
1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 116 They came..exclaiming of the Captains of the power of Tlaxcallan, who had bounde them. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia (1629) 39 [Some bad natures] exclaime of all things.
†3. trans. To express by exclamation. With compl. obj.. To proclaim loudly. Obs. rare.
c1592Marlowe Massac. Paris iii. ii. Wks. (Rtldg.) 242/1, I curse thee, and exclaim thee, miscreant. 1782Fashionable Follies II. 75 The beautiful creature exclaimed thus her abhorrence of inconstancy.
Hence exˈclaimer, one who exclaims or cries out with sudden vehemence. exˈclaiming vbl. n., the action of the vb. exclaim; an outcry. exˈclaiming ppl. a., that exclaims.
1689Locke Toleration 17 The Opposers of Errors, the Exclaimers against Schism. 1809–10Coleridge Friend (ed. 3) III. 225 The exclaimer relates half a dozen similar instances. 1872G. W. Dasent Three to One I. 3 Some one exclaims ‘regular old fogies’. Let us reason with this exclaimer. 1585Abp. Sandys Serm. (1841) 226 The exclaiming of the people hath many times as much cause as had the harlot's complaint made unto Solomon. 1688R. L'Estrange Brief Hist. Times iii. 292 They both brake out in Violent Exclaymings, Lord! What will become of us! 1741Richardson Pamela III. 188 Our intermingling Exclaimings and Observations. 1877Daily News 1 Nov. 6/1 There was a questioning and exclaiming that I refrain from repeating. 1580Sidney Arcadia (1622) 216 The happy dwellers of these vallies Haue prayed me leaue my straung exclaiming musike. 1633T. Stafford Pac. Hib. iii. (1821) 259 The exclayming mouths of these discontented people.
▪ II. exclaim, n. rare. ‘Now disused’ (J.).|ɛkˈskleɪm|
[f. prec. vb.]
Exclamation, outcry.
c1489Caxton Blanchardyn 213 With these or the like exclaimes. 1586J. Hooker Girald. Irel. in Holinshed II. 150/1 He thought by waie of exclames to aggrauat his owne case. 1633Costlie Whore i. i, in Bullen O. Pl. IV, Intending by exclaimes to raise the Court. 1812W. Tennant Anster F. v. ii, It needed not that with a third exclaim King James's trumpeter aloud should cry. 1840Browning Sordello iii. 344 Thus I bring Sordello to the rapturous Exclaim at the crowd's cry. |