| 释义 |
exhibition|ɛksɪˈbɪʃən|
Forms: 5–6 exibicion, -ycion, 5 (exebucion, -hebicion), exhibicion, -hibycion, -hybycyon, 7 (exhibicon), 6– exhibition.
[a. OF. exhibicion, Fr. exhibition, ad. late L. exhibitiōn-em, n. of action f. exhibēre to exhibit.]
I. The action of providing or furnishing.
†1.
a. Maintenance, support. Obs. [Cf. late L. exhibitio et tegumentum = ‘food and raiment’ (Forcellini).]
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) VII. 259 Havynge..a litelle summe assignede to his exhibicion. 1480Bury Wills (1850) 65, I will that..oon parte therof to be applied and conuerted to thexibicion and sustentacion of a perpetuall chapleyn. 1567R. Mulcaster Fortescue's De Laud. Leg. (1572) 113 Charges for the exhibition [L. exhibitione] of their Children. a1625Fletcher Nice Valour iii. i, My maintenance, rascals; my Bulk, my exhibition! 1711Strype Parker (1821) I. 503 To bestow {pstlg}8 of the said {pstlg}10..towards the use and exhibition of three grammar scholars.
†b. The ‘foundation’ of a grammar-school.
15..in Whiston Cathedral Trusts 12 That no childe be admitted to thexhibicion of the said churche, whose father is knowne to be worthe in goodes above cccli.
†2.
a. sing. and pl. An allowance of money for a person's support; a pension, salary. Obs.
1498Patent Roll 13 Hen. VII, On reasonable wages or exebucion. 1501Plumpton Corr. 163 He sendeth you but xli towards the exibicions of my nese his wyfe. 1635Sir R. Boyle Diary in Lismore Papers Ser i. (1884) IV. 138 50li was lent to my son..which I am to abate owt of his next Easter exhibicon. 1676Wycherley Pl. Dealer v. i, He must have a setled Exhibition of forty pounds a Year. 1741Swift Pres. St. Affairs Wks. 1755 II. i. 215 He..is driven to live in exile upon a small exhibition.
†b. A gift, present. Obs.
1579Fulke Confut. Sanders 553 His owne bondslaues, whom he hyreth with a little exhibition, to blase his charitie. 1604Shakes. Oth. iv. iii. 75, I would not doe such a thing for a joynt Ring..nor any petty exhibition.
3.
†a. Pecuniary assistance given to a university student (obs. in general sense).
b. Now only spec. A fixed sum given for a term of years from the funds of a school, college, or university, generally upon the result of a competitive examination. Cf. bursary 3 and scholarship.
a.c1525Skelton Replyc. 143 To gyve you exhibycion To mainteyne with your skolls. 1581Mulcaster Positions xxxix. (1887) 194 They will giue a scholer some petie poore exhibition to seeme to be religious. 1598E. Guilpin Skial. (1878) 11, I have sized in Cambridge, and my friends a season Some exhibition for me there disburst.
b.1631T. Adams in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 146 An exhibition of {pstlg}40 per annum for two or three years. 1692Sir R. Bulkeley in Evelyn's Mem. (1857) III. 323 At St. Paul's school he was chosen (with a small exhibition of {pstlg}10 a year..) to go off to Cambridge. 1772Hist. Rochester 91 A yearly exhibition was to be paid to four scholars. 1806K. White Let. 30 June, My last term bill amounts only to {pstlg}4 5s. 3d., after my exhibitions are deducted. 1886Oxf. Univ. Calendar 37 Candidates for the [Junior Mathematical] Exhibition must be Members of the University who have not exceeded eight Terms from their matriculation inclusively.
II.
4. Med. The administration of a remedy.
1785J. Pearson in Med. Commun. II. 77 The most proper remedy against such a diarrhœa, is the exhibition of a cathartic. 1806Med. Jrnl. XV. 101 During the exhibition of all these medicines, purgative glysters also..were used. 1875B. Meadows Clin. Observ. 28 As the result of the exhibition of arsenical treatment.
III. 5. a. The action of exhibiting, submitting for inspection, displaying or holding up to view; manifestation; visible show or display (of a feeling, quality, etc.); an instance of this. Const. of.
1663Barrow Serm. (1683) I. xii. 162 The ancient exhibition of a gracious promise. 1692Ray Dissol. World iii. ix. (1732) 400 The Exhibition of the Messiah. 1701Grew Cosm. Sacra ii. v. §17 What are all mechanick works, but the sensible exhibition of mathematick demonstrations? 1755N. Magens Insurances I. 453 The Exhibition of the usual Clearances and Certificates. 1780Harris Philol. Enq. Wks. (1841) 427 A dramatic piece, or play, is the exhibition of an action. 1833Chalmers Const. Man (1835) I. v. 208 Anger, if we but study its history and actual exhibitions. 1850A. Jameson Leg. Monast. Ord. (1863) 94 Dunstan never would have dared such an exhibition of presumption.
b. The action of producing (an object of litigation) in court.
1880Muirhead tr. Instit. Gaius iv. §157 He is pursuer who desires exhibition or restitution.
c. Sc. Law. An action for compelling production or delivery of writings.
1861in W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl.
d. concr. Something that is exhibited; a display, sight, spectacle.
1786Gilpin Observ. Mts. & Lakes I. p. xxvii, The windings of a noble river—or some other exhibition. c1790J. Imison Sch. Art ii. 51 Some excellent prints..held in great esteem among the admirers of exhibitions of this kind. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 665 Exhibitions which humane men generally avoid.
e. to make an exhibition of oneself: to behave in such an ostentatious or conspicuous manner as to appear contemptible or laughable. colloq.
1853Dickens Child's Hist. Eng. (1854) III. xxxii. 162 His Sowship was making such an exhibition of himself..as is not often seen in any sty. 1914G. B. Shaw Misalliance 83, I know Ive made a silly exhibition of myself here. 1935I. Compton-Burnett House & its Head i. 10 Am I to believe it was you, who chose to make an exhibition of yourself with a maid-servant behind the house?
6. a. A public display (of works of art, manufactured articles, natural productions, etc.); also, the place where the display is made. In early quots. often spec. the exhibition of pictures of the Royal Academy; now applied esp. to those exhibitions on a large scale of which the ‘Great Exhibition’ held in London in 1851 was the first and typical example.
1761Johnson Let. Baretti 10 June in Boswell, The artists have instituted a yearly exhibition of pictures and statues..This year was the second exhibition. 1818Byron Beppo lxxviii, No exhibition glares with annual pictures. 1824Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life (1870) II. ix. 183 Is it possible that the Exhibition has closed and ‘Silenus’ not been sold? 1851Expositor 11 Jan. 163/3 The Exhibition is to be no mere fancy fair or amateur show-room. 1890(title), Catalogue of the Royal Military Exhibition.
b. attrib. and Comb.
1840Dickens Old C. Shop xxvii, It was too late to repair to the exhibition-room. 1861Thornbury Turner I. 91 The lad's own productions at Somerset House would have been quite enough to attract an exhibition-haunting amateur.
7. A public examination or display of the attainments of students. U.S.
1786P. Freneau Poems 352 Lines, intended for Mr. Peele's Exhibition, Philadelphia, May 10, 1784. 1829Regul. Boston School Comm. 11 There shall be two general visitations of the schools annually, for the purpose of exhibition. Ibid., These exhibitions. 1887J. Kirkland Zury 186 It was customary to have on February 22nd a school ‘Exhibition’ with speeches, dialogues, and so forth. 1899E. E. Hale Lowell 29 They were within the number of twenty-four students [at Harvard] who had had honors at the several exhibitions. 1943A. G. Powell I can go Home Again 51 At the close of the school next spring, we had the ‘Exhibition’, with charades, dialogues, recitations, and so forth.
Hence exhiˈbitional a., of or pertaining to an exhibition. exhiˈbitionize v. intr. nonce-wd., to frequent exhibitions.
1834New Monthly Mag. XLI. 245 Hackneyed as we are in exhibitionizing, we did not contemplate this scene without the liveliest pleasure. 1882J. Parker Apost. Life (1884) III. 294 There is no touch of merely exhibitional genius. 1886New Princeton Rev. I. 121 Madame and her suite had gone to partake of their yearly exhibitional refreshments. |