| 释义 |
exotherm Chem.|ˈɛksəʊθɜːm|
[f. Gr. ἔξω exo- + θέρµη heat; cf. next.]
A compound which liberates heat during its formation and which absorbs heat or energy during its decomposition. So exoˈthermal a. = exothermic a.; exoˈthermally adv.
1895C. S. Palmer tr. Nernst's Theoret. Chem. IV. v. 584 The direction of the chemical change does not necessarily coincide with the direction in which the reaction progresses exothermally. 1906A. Smith Introd. Gen. Inorg. Chem. ii. 27 Exothermal actions, as those which produce heat are called, are usually of the spontaneous order. 1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., Exotherm. 1954Electronic Engin. XXVI. 139 It is possible to control the exotherm by maintaining the resin and the hardener at a low temperature. 1959Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. CXCII. 389/3 Compositions and physical properties of insulating firebricks and fireclay bricks are compared, and compositions and exothermal qualities..are given. 1965Phillips & Williams Inorg. Chem. I. xiii. 506 Water reacts exothermally with very many oxides.
Add:2. A sudden liberation of heat observed in the course of an experiment or (esp. industrial) process.
1960Textile Res. Jrnl. XXX. 624/2 The sharp exotherm now occurs at 272°C instead of 308°C. 1983Daily Tel. 12 Dec. 19/3 (Advt.), The inclusion of fillers, particularly metallic ones, in thermosetting plastics is a known and recognised practice for reducing and dissipating exotherm. 1984D. G. Bew in C. A. Heaton Introd. Industr. Chem. iv. 108 Cooling water is required to remove reaction exotherms. |